Today's Tech News: Notable or Not?

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/goodbye-blackouts-chinas-power-grid-can-now-be-reset-in-three-seconds-thanks-to-ai "plans to make the system operational throughout China. The system, like all AIs, learns as it goes along. Is it possible to eliminate blackouts and all power-related issues in seconds? Apparently, yes. China's state-owned power grid company has just introduced a new AI system that resolves power issues in just three seconds, according to an article by the South China Morning Post (SCMP). This process used to take six to 10 hours" Related: Why lasers could help make the electric grid greener https://www.npr.org/2023/08/13/1187620367/power-grid-enhancing-technologies-climate-change

https://news.mit.edu/2022/electron-whirlpools-physics-0706 "electrons flowing... without reversing direction... change in flow direction... reversed the direction as compared to central strip... visualization of swirling vortices in an electric current. The findings represent an experimental confirmation of a fundamental property in electron behavior. They may also offer clues to how engineers might design low-power devices that conduct electricity in a more fluid, less resistive"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-common-table-sugar-key-allaying.html "introducing common table sugar with multiple hydroxyl groups (a hydrogen and an oxygen bound together) into the electrolyte to adjust solvation structure of Zn2+... conducting atomistic simulations and experiments... sucrose molecules enhanced mobility and stopped dendrite growth without compromising stability... sucrose molecules in solvation sheath enhance mobility, ensuring fast Zn2+ kinetics... protects Zn anode from water corrosion and... Zn dendrite-free deposition and side reaction suppression" Related: Green Zinc Energy Storage https://www.greentech-news.org/this-green-zinc-energy-storage-breakthrough-could-change-the-world/

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-handedness-key-optical.html "Current optical modulators mainly use electrical or acoustic effects to modulate light's properties indirectly. These two traditional optical modulator technologies can control the properties of light at nanosecond speeds . Our all-optical modulator, which uses a coherent optical process, can work at femtosecond speeds, or about a million times faster, Zhang notes"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-physicists-signatures-highly-entangled-quantum "Kagome spin model... QSL phase, and schematic plot... entanglement entropy... measuring change of free energy... nonequilibrium process. The topological entropy (γ), which characterizes long-range topological order, can be extracted by subtracting the short-range contribution, which is proportional to the length of the entanglement boundary (l) from the total entanglement entropy(S), by fitting the data of entanglement entropy of different entanglement boundary length to a straight line (S=al-γ)"

https://www.pppl.gov/news/2022/go-flow-new-findings-about-moving-electricity-could-improve-fusion-devices "resistive effects... causing ELMs we seeing... improved model... change profiles of plasma... get rid of ELMs... plasma as a fluid. In general, you can’t have a model that includes all of physics in it. It would be too hard to solve. You want a model that is simple enough to calculate but complete enough to capture the phenomenon you are interested in. Andreas found that resistivity is one of the physical effects that we should include in our models"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-ai-associatively.html "send and retrieve data to maximize information density—several signals on different wavelengths are sent simultaneously for parallel processing which increases the detection speed of recognition tasks. Each wavelength increases the computational speed. The device naturally captures similarities in datasets while doing so in parallel using light to increase the overall computation speed—which can far exceed the capabilities of conventional electronic chips"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-helium-ion-beam-nanofabrication-extreme-applications.html "extreme nanofabrication, nanometer-scale nanopores beneficial single base recognition of DNA/RNA sequences fabricated by HIB milling on thinned silicon nitride membrane or suspended graphene. Amorphization... formation of specific 3D nanopores... nano-optics and bioscience applications... HIB direct writing without resist-assisted... sub-10-nm nanochannels, nanoribbons, and nanostructures for nanoscale functional devices... collision between helium ions and probe substrate... lower sputtering yield"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-spim-wgs-high-waveguide-devices-photonic.html "optical mode conversion for arbitrary shapes... diffraction limited size of fabricating laser focus. SPIM-WGs convert between Gaussian light, elliptical light, double lobe TE01, and ring TE01 modes... pp-KTP waveguides and single mode fiber, bridging quantum light sources and quantum chips.... pp-KTP waveguide connected to single-mode fiber... loses 25-30% light intensity... SPIM-WGs is used for the bridging, it is expected that the light intensity loss can be reduced below 10%"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-chip-scale-metamicroscope-high-performance-imaging.html "co-and-cross-multiplexed metalens array and embedded polarizer... integrating chip-scale CMOS sensor... wide FOV and large DOF microscopy technique. Significantly high performances with 4×4-mm2 FOV, 1.74-μm resolution (limited by CMOS pixel size), and ~200-μm DOF (450-510-nm wavelength range). FOV 5 to 7 times that of traditional microscope with same resolution... demonstrated the outstanding microscopy performance by imaging a large number of bio-specimens" Related: Label-free superior contrast with c-band ultra-violet extinction microscopy https://phys.org/news/2023-03-label-free-superior-contrast-c-band-ultra-violet.html Scallop eyes as inspiration for new microscope objectives https://phys.org/news/2023-03-scallop-eyes-microscope.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-adding-layer-metal-fluoride-solar.html "thermally evaporated metal fluorides on perovskite layer... ultrathin uniform film controlled thickness adding C60 and top contact components... interlayers transparent stable, in line with inverted p-i-n solar cell requirements... magnesium fluoride interlayer effectively promoted electron extraction... reduced charge recombination at the interface. It also enhanced charge transport across the subcell... 50 millivolt increase open-current voltage and stabilized power conversion efficiency 29.3 percent"

https://www.pppl.gov/news/2022/smaller-stronger-magnets-could-improve-devices-harness-fusion-power-sun-and-stars "The technique means that the wires do not need conventional epoxy and glass fiber insulation to ensure the flow of electricity. While simplifying construction, the technique also lowers costs. “The costs to wind the coils are much lower because we don’t have to go through the expensive and error-prone epoxy vacuum-impregnation process,” Zhai said. “Instead, you’re directly winding the conductor into the coil form” Related:  World-first ‘super’ magnet sparks nuclear fusion breakthrough https://www.yahoo.com/now/world-first-super-magnet-sparks-093801541.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-2d-electronics-boost.html "rippled 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with lattice distortions create larger electric polarization renormalize frequency of phonons... renormalized phonon frequency reduces strength of scattering between electrons and phonons, increasing carrier mobility in MoS2... electrons move faster... carrier mobility... enhanced by two orders rippled MoS2, reaching 900 cm2 V-1 s-1. The observed result exceeds the predicted phonon-limited carrier mobility of flat MoS2 of 200–410 cm2 V-1 s-1"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-dont-hot-thermal-conductivity-switching-bottleneck.html "easily adjust the temperature at which the anisotropy changes occur, and thus change the speed of heat transmission from the polymer... adjusted transition temperature over the range of 90 degrees Celsius to 147 degrees Celsius by judicious choice of the mesogen," says senior author Yoshiaki Nakamura. Conductivity-switching fully reversible, difference between on and off state approximately 2, comparable to the conventional values of various thermal switch reported in the preceding studies"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-alternative-superconducting-qubit-high-quantum.html "significantly reduce overhead realizing fault-tolerance quantum computing... for the same computational task, a higher-fidelity fluxonium quantum computer may need significantly fewer number of qubits... fluxonium-based processors could perform far more powerful computations than transmon-based ones, using the same number of physical qubits. In their next studies, the team would like to scale up their system and try to make it fault-tolerant while retaining a high fidelity"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-nickel-oxide-superconductors.html "capable of forming correlated states—"electron soups" that can host a variety of quantum phases, including superconductivity... Unlike in any other superconductor we know about, CDWs appear even before we dope the material by replacing some atoms with others to change the number of electrons that are free to move around nickelate host both CDWs and superconducting matter... doping essential part of getting materials to superconduct"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-hetero-interfaces-optoelectronic-functionalities-large-scale.html "density functional theory based electric field dependent band-structure calculations and attributed this observation to the nature of band alignment at the interface. Together, they showed that a change in band alignment from type-II to type-III resulted in a change in polarity of photocurrent from positive to negative... responsivity and response time crucial metrics... high negative responsivity and fast response time... observed"

https://reneweconomy.com.au/look-no-trackers-stanford-engineers-say-pyramid-shaped-lens-can-capture-more-solar/ "capture over 90% of the light that hit the surface which then created output three times brighter than the incoming light... sunlight to always output at the same position, but for the creation of their prototypes... commercially available polymers and glasses, but AGILE has also been fabricated using 3D printing... capture not only direct sunlight, but also diffuse light that has been scattered by atmosphere, weather, and seasons"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-high-carrier-mobility-cubic-boron.html "The probe beam was broadened to a wide illumination field; thus, the carriers' spatiotemporal dynamics could be visualized directly. By adjusting the energy of the excitation laser below or above the bandgap, intrinsic carriers and hot carriers could be excited, respectively. Intrinsic carrier mobility of about 1550 cm2V-1s-1 was measured and matched theoretical predictions well" See also: Cubic Boron Arsenide - A Perfect Semiconductor? https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/115140/Cubic_Boron_Arsenide_-_A_Perfect

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-core-technology-aqueous-zinc-batteries.html "reduce prevalence side reactions induce decline energy density and lifespa AZIBs... deep eutectic solvent ... compact zinc anodes... choline chloride and urea mole ratio of 1:2; liquid complex with melting point 12 °C... zincophilic copper–zinc alloy layer forms between zinc and copper current collectors... high-density zinc particles grow...electroplating process that allows zinc metals to grow densely and evenly in the low-cost and ecofriendly DES solution"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-bottom-up-2d-yield-materials.html "van der Waals forces, electrostatic repulsion between molecules on tetrahedron surfaces and substrate... droplet evaporates, particles go from mostly repulsive to strongly attractive... crystallize into superlattices... hexagonal domains form when tetrahedrons come together... all the particles in the assembling hexagon to randomly rotate one way or the other, forming left- and right-handed chiral domains"

https://research.ibm.com/blog/science-coverstory-artificial-molecular-machines "Precursor molecules... deposited ultrathin NaCl film on copper crystal... different internal bonds formed and broken... 10-membered carbon ring in the center converted to molecule with 4- and an 8-membered ring, or structure with two 6-membered rings... reversible; can switch from one molecular strcutre to another... molecular machines that perform variable and complex tasks... Different charge states addressed by voltage pulses of different values... energy transferred by tunneling electrons"

https://newatlas.com/energy/earthgrid-tunnel-boring-robot/ "72 plasma torches drill 1-meter... 500 kW... high-power 120 MW... triple diameter attach mother rig behind... 10-m tunnel attach another bigger behind... could get high as 1.38 gigawatts... 1 km per day... low-cost configuration... $300 per meter... less expensive... lower operating costs (no need to change out drill bits & cutter heads multiple times daily... lower energy... robotics... no drilling mud and/or drilling chemicals... easier spoils removal, sale of our spoils for road & concrete manufacturing" Related: Reconductoring: Easy Way To Expand the Grid https://heatmap.news/climate/clean-energy-grid-reconductoring

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-high-speed-motors-fuel-cell-components.html "high-speed motor for a fuel cell compressor to enable innovation in the utility vehicle and aviation domain. The electric machine should at least achieve a power density of 30 kW/kg by using innovative materials for direct cooling of the stator and maximizing the rotor's high-speed capability (< 150,000 rpm). The rotor design will use a new manufacturing process to glue and pot the magnets to be suitable for high circumferential speeds"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-mocvd-tool-advance-gallium-oxide-semiconductor.html "With this system, we can grow thin films on up to 2-inch-diameter substrates under widely tunable oxidation chemical potentials," said Nair. "It also has a very high substrate temperature capability and we can heat the substrate up to 1,500 degrees Celsius. High substrate temperatures yield better quality films which is key for pushing the performance of electronic devices"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-world-photovoltaic-cell-recycled-polypropylene.html "transparent electrode—made of indium tin oxide... roll-to-roll (R2R) vacuum coating... ITO... same sheet resistance pristine film substrates... R2R slot-die coating... OPV cells... encapsulation printing organic...  OPV layers on PP substrate 50% rPP recovered from drink pouch... max efficiency 1%... single-use smart packaging productions with sufficient electrical power... achievable to increase the efficiency of OPV cells printed on recyclable material, which is made with 50% rPP, by more than 5%"

https://www.notebookcheck.net/Svolt-unveils-true-solid-state-EV-battery-with-energy-density-that-allows-over-620-miles-on-a-charge.635867.0.html "350-400 Wh/kg energy density. According to Svolt Energy, the pack is the first all-solid-state sulfide battery in the 20 Ah class that will allow electric vehicles equipped with its cells to run 1000km (620+ miles) on a charge. The advantages of a solid-state battery are numerous, but chief among them is the cell's endurance... hot-box test 200 degrees Celsius... hard-to-master sulfide material... patents on both solid electrolyte and diaphragm production, for an all-solid-state battery" Related: Setting the stage for solid-state battery success https://techxplore.com/news/2022-08-stage-solid-state-battery-success.html Geely Galaxy E8 Goes On Sale For Less Than $25,000 https://insideevs.com/news/703666/geely-galaxy-e8-china/

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-semiconductor.html "advances ultrafast laser grating systems. Without  technique it would not have been possible to demonstrate the material's high mobility for electrons and holes... thermal conductivity the best of any semiconductor, the researchers say, it has the third-best thermal conductivity of any material—next to diamond and isotopically enriched cubic boron nitride. "And now, we predicted the electron and hole quantum mechanical behavior, also from first principles, and that is also proven to be true"

"each satellite can operate 4x more efficiently, thus allowing for fewer satellites needing to be used and saving hundreds of millions here alone. Companies like Amazon Web Services (AWS) could use the same existing infrastructure but get 4 times more from their existing equipment. Wearables have long been limited by data storage, battery life, and range. This could vastly improve the underperforming technology and all-around bring previously poor-performing technologies back into mainstream use" Related: Alternate framework for distributed computing tames Big Data's ever growing costs https://techxplore.com/news/2023-02-alternate-framework-big.html

https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/22/volkswagen-backed-northvolt-to-develop-wood-based-batteries-for-evs-.html "gigafactory, Northvolt Ett, commercial deliveries... $55 billion from businesses Volvo, BMW, and Volkswagen... lignin-based hard carbon would secure the strategic European supply of anode raw material and serve the sustainable battery needs for applications from mobility to stationary energy storage" Related: Scientists produce electricity from wood https://www.kth.se/en/om/miljo-hallbar-utveckling/mhu-nyheter/nyheter/forskarna-framstaller-el-ur-tra-1.1209584 The promise of batteries that come from trees https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20221215-the-batteries-made-from-wood Northvolt develops state-of-the-art sodium-ion battery validated at 160 Wh/kg https://northvolt.com/articles/northvolt-sodium-ion/

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-refining-technique-cheaper-superconductors-reality "MgB2 95% pure, higher than ball milling method only 75%... refined microstructure and had a 35% improvement than other methods. All of this was achieved with only 30 minutes of ultrasonic treatment," says Prof. Miryala. This makes this new method of ultrasonication using distilled water extremely efficient at refining boron without having to use expensive materials. It brings down the cost of making MgB2 superconductors while also improving their magnetic characteristics"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-formation-mechanism-solar-double-decker-filament.html "two small filaments joined together to form a longer magnetic structure of the filament. Then, the newly formed filament split into two branches and finally formed a double-decker filament. Sunspot rotation, internal reconnections and the movement of the negative magnetic field were found to drive the filament split into two branches and finally form the double-decker filament. The internal reconnection can accelerate the separation of filaments"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-tunable-single-mode-lasing-high-q-resonator.html   "polygon modes coherently combined by multiple WGMs triggered by weak perturbation from tapered fiber... modes sparse within optical gain bandwidth compared to WGM counterpart... Q factors remain ultrahigh (~10 million)... single frequency lasing... linewidth narrow as 322 Hz... real-time electro-optical tuning of the microlaser wavelength, thanks to the strong linear electro-optic coefficient of LN; the research team demonstrated a high tuning efficiency of ∼50 pm/100V"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-explore-hydrodynamic-semiconductor-electrons.html "negatively charged electrons and positively charged "holes" simultaneously carry current. They found that this current can be described with just two "hydrodynamic" equations: one describing how the electrons and holes slide against each other, and a second for how all of the charges move together through the atomic lattice of the material... tuned in a way that allows conductivity to be turned on and off, and the hydrodynamic behavior was prominent even at room temperature"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-aluminum-alloy-energy-efficient.html "ShAPE eliminates need for separate homogenization and extrusion steps... metal billet simultaneously pushed through opening in die rotates... rotational movement and deformation thoroughly mixes metal as extruded... homogenizes metal billet in seconds, before extruded. This eliminates the need for a day-long, pre-heating homogenization step and means that no additional energy is used to heat the billet during extrusion. Together, this results in an energy savings of up to 50 percent using ShAPE" Related: Next-generation ShAPE metal extrusion arrives: Bringing patented technique closer to industrial applications https://techxplore.com/news/2024-04-generation-metal-extrusion-patented-technique.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-smart-chip-low-power-platform.html "2D material molybdenum disulfide cryptographic chip... 320 MoS2 transistors... sensing, storage computing unit encrypt.... advanced machine learning techniques couldn't decode the encrypted information, reinforcing the resilience of the encryption process against machine learning attacks. Without prior knowledge of the information channels and decoding variables, it is extremely difficult to decode the information... energy consumed encrypting significantly less"

https://newatlas.com/outdoors/arc-turbine-microgenerator/ "diesel, kerosene or jet fuel, with 5 percent turbo oil... extreme power density to create an ultra-portable generator that packs an 8-kW punch. The ARC microturbine generator measures about 17 x 27 x 52 cm (6.7 x 10.6 x 20.5 inches) and weighs just under 9 kg (19.8 lb). For reference, a petrol-powered machine like the Gensafe GF8000 weighs 107 kg (236 lb) and uses a 459 cc engine, although to be fair it's got an inverter built in as well, where the ARC microturbine requires you to buy one separately"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-multi-proton-carrier-complex-efficient-proton.html "three imidazole (HIm) and three imidazolate (Im-) groups attached to central ruthenium (III) ion (Ru3+)... each of six imidazole groups attached to Ru3+ ion acts as proton transmitter... 6 times more potent than individual HIm molecules... at temperature more than –70°C proton conductivity resulted from individual localized rotations of HIm and Im- groups and proton jump to other Ru(III)complexes in crystal via hydrogen bonds... superior proton conductivity at high temperatures"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-refining-technique-cheaper-superconductors-reality.html "MgB2 95% pure... refined microstructure... 35% improvement... 30 minutes ultrasonic treatment... ultrasonication using distilled water efficient refining boron... brings down cost of MgB2 superconductors while also improving magnetic characteristics... distilled water brings down cost still being... better than previous mediums... ultrasonication... optimization of this method to bring out its complete potential as well as apply this technique in their respective fields"

https://phys.org/news/2022-06-member-added-carbon-material-family.html "interlayer bonding cleavage strategy to prepare a two-dimensional monolayer polymeric fullerene... magnesium intercalated C60 bulk crystals precursor exfoliation reaction... ligand-assisted cation exchange strategy cleave interlayer bonds into bulk crystals... monolayer polymeric C60... single crystal X-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy... cluster cages C60 covalently bonded forming topology distinct from conventional 2D... monolayer polymeric C60... bandgap 1.6 eV" Related: A fullerene-like molecule made entirely of metal atoms https://phys.org/news/2023-11-fullerene-like-molecule-metal-atoms.html

https://www.inceptivemind.com/drift-energys-flying-yacht-produce-green-hydrogen-sea/25441/ "data optimal weather conditions route vessels... wind zones where the breeze is just right to maximize the vessel’s efficiency. The routing algorithm was developed by an artificial intelligence firm, Faculty, and works by analyzing weather forecasts and sea conditions to adjust the course of the boats in real-time... flotillaenergy yachts sailing from New York to Penzance load factor 72.5%. By comparison, verified load factors for wind turbines in the UK are 26.5% for onshore wind farms and 39.9% for offshore wind farms"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-semiconductor-advance-low-energy-electronics.html "epitaxy 2D material atomic precision control... orientational-dependent optical properties... reduce the time and cost for the further development of such materials... reduced power consumption large-scale electronics to low-cost environmental sensors for agriculture, air quality monitoring, public health and transportation, computer vision and light-based sensing improved safety systems self-driving vehicles"

https://phys.org/news/2022-06-discusses-nonlinear-optics.html "new forms structured light... product of fields nonlinear optics rather than their sum. Quantum control light... boost by replacing ubiquitous linear beam splitter with nonlinear crystals... enhance imaging... high-dimensional teleportation... light-matter interaction in nonlinear optics means that advanced structured matter can be used to customized structured light, for instance, the use of advanced artificial materials such as metasurfaces and metamaterial, offering unparalleled nonlinear efficiency" Related: Physicists Use Quantum Mechanics to Pull Energy out of Nothing https://www.quantamagazine.org/physicists-use-quantum-mechanics-to-pull-energy-out-of-nothing-20230222/

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-thin-mica-semiconducting-behavior-scientists.html "semiconducting MuM flakes... electrical conductivity that 1000 times larger than that thick MuM... exfoliated thin MuM flakes.. onto silicon (SiO2/Si) substrates... avoid tunneling, maintained  separation 1 µm between contact electrodes... transition to conducting state gradually as flakes were thinned down fewer layers... MuM flakes below 20 nm, the current depended on the thickness, becoming 1000 times larger for a 10 nm thick MuM (5 layers thick) compared to that in 20 nm MuM"

https://news.rpi.edu/content/2022/07/14/rensselaer-researchers-learn-control-electron-spin-room-temperature-make-devices "ferroelectric van der Waals layered perovskite carrying crystal symmetry and strong spin-orbit coupling... Rashba-Dresselhaus spin... nonvolatile and reconfigurable spin-related room temperature optoelectronic... spin field effect transistor... internal magnetic field is simultaneously large and perfectly distributed in a single direction, which allows the spins to rotate predictably and in perfect concert,” he said. “This is a key requirement to use spins for reliably transmitting information"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-mathematically-efficient-solar-cooker.html "energy collection but assessed actual cooking times of various food items to get a practical idea of the best type of solar cooker to recommend. The first modern solar cooker was invented... was able to achieve a cooking temperature of 88 degrees Celsius with his cooker. Modern solar cookers which utilize a highly reflective surface with a geometry that focuses sunlight on to a support for a cooking vessel have been shown to achieve temperatures of well over 300 degrees Celsius" Related: Efficient single-winged aerial robots with reduced energy consumption https://techxplore.com/news/2023-08-efficient-single-winged-aerial-robots-energy.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-aims-optimize-mxene-complex-3d.html "Aerosol Jet 3D printing, a nanoscale additive manufacturing technology. Using the principles of droplet dynamics, MXene will be dispersed in liquid and deposited, layer by layer, into stacks of 3D structures to form electrochemical and physical sensors... chemical and/or biochemical reactions would have a higher surface area and 3D volume for operation"

 https://phys.org/news/2022-07-tfts-band-like.html "charge transport properties OTFTs Y6... non-fullerene acceptor (NFA)...  enhancement power conversion efficiency organic solar cells... increase mobility lowered temperatures... band-like transport... band-like transport originates from the unique molecule packing motif of Y6 and the special phase of the film. Their work not only demonstrates the superior charge transport property of Y6, but also suggests the great potential of developing high-mobility n-type organic semiconductors and TFTs on the basis of Y6"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-quantum-inspired-approach-lidar-resolution "high depth resolution two-photon interference LiDAR... two reflective surfaces of a piece of glass about 2 millimeters thick. Traditional LiDAR wouldn't be able to distinguish these two surfaces, but the researchers were able to clearly measure the two surfaces. They also used the new method to create a detailed 3D map of a 20-pence coin with 7-micron depth resolution... method could capture the level of detail necessary to differentiate key facial features or other differences between people"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-dual-plating-strategy-rapidly-microbatteries.html "equal numbers cathodes and anodes... record-high areal capacity and energy density, 10 times planar microbatteries. Zn–Br2 MBs polarity-switchable... combination between the suitable binding strength and loose network microstructures in electrodes endows Zn–Br2 MBs with outstanding performance," said Prof. Liu. This work offers new insights for promoting the development of miniaturized electronics through the fine design of their states, mechanical properties, and microstructures"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-protein-modified-solid-electrolyte-interphase-formation.html "protein-modified SEIs Li anodes different stand-still temperatures... heat treatment protein denaturation... unfolded chain structures... heat-treated-zein-modified (H-zein-modified) SEI better wetting behavior and faster SEI formation than unheated sample (U-zein)... symmetrical LiFePO4/Li cell H-zein-modified SEI stable long-term cycling performance higher capacity retention (70%)... after 200 cycles... H-zein-modified SEI stable long-term cycling... symmetrical Li|Li and full cells"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-neuron-inspired-high-performance-telechelic-polymer.html "mechanical performance synthesized polymer tuned easily... stiffness 97.9 MPa, strength 22.5 MPa, elongation break 1,470%, toughness 159.3 MJ m-3 and notch resistance 187 kJ m-2... 30 min self-healing, toughness synthesized polymer recover 92%, outstanding rapid self-healing ability.... extensive H-bonds endow excellent adhesion since lap-shear strength 20.7 MPa... telechelic polymer charged... circuit voltage friction with copper... Under 365 nm ultraviolet light, telechelic polymer... blue fluorescence" Related: New corrosion protection that repairs itself https://phys.org/news/2023-02-corrosion.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-photonic-link-enable-all-silicon-quantum.html "single T centers in isolation, and... first measurement of single spin silicon... emitter like T center combines high-performance spin qubits and optical photon generation ideal make scalable, distributed, quantum computers... can handle processing and communications together... quantum technologies, one for processing and one for communications... T centers have the advantage of emitting light at the same wavelength that today's metropolitan fiber communications and telecom networking equipment use" Related: Advancing quantum networks: Study achieves largest photon emission enhancement for single T center to date https://phys.org/news/2024-03-advancing-quantum-networks-largest-photon.html Lead-vacancy centers in diamond as building blocks for large-scale quantum networks https://phys.org/news/2024-04-vacancy-centers-diamond-blocks-large.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-boost-fiber-integrated-quantum-memories.html "photon compatible with memory... telecom wavelength... store photons from 2 µs to 28 µs and preserve entanglement after storage... entanglement storage time... 1,000 times longer... approaching the performances observed in bulk quantum memories... entanglement shared between visible photon stored in quantum memory... at telecom wavelengths... compatible with telecommunications infrastructure and suitable long-distance quantum communication" Related: A scalable quantum memory with a lifetime over 2 seconds and integrated error detection https://phys.org/news/2022-11-scalable-quantum-memory-lifetime-seconds.html A robust quantum memory that stores information in a trapped-ion quantum network https://phys.org/news/2023-03-robust-quantum-memory-trapped-ion-network.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-adhesive-free-fiber-to-chip-laser-welding-photonics.html "coupling welded-fibers PICs integrated waveguides... deformation and cracks during cooling. The solution of the photonics experts was to preheat the substrate evenly by means of a separate, individually adjustable laser, so that the melting phase of the fiber and the substrate is achieved simultaneously... thermal process monitoring 1300°C, positioning system accurate 1 µm, image recognition processes and control software"

https://newatlas.com/automotive/mahle-sct-electric-motor/ "play well with magnet-free designs. We took a close look at Mahle's magnet-free motor innovations last year – they do away with rare earth metals and instead use contactless induction to induce precisely tuned electromagnetic fields in coils in the rotor... cheap and highly efficient, and significantly, they don't rely on a supply chain that runs straight through China like nearly all rare earths. A magnet-free SCT motor would require "slightly more assembly space" than a neodymium version" Related: Mahle combines two innovative concepts to field the "perfect motor" https://newatlas.com/automotive/mahle-perfect-electric-motor/

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-temperature-resistant-power-semiconductors-3d-printer.html "3D printing housings for power electronic components that are used, for example, to control electrical machines. During the printing process, silicon carbide chips are positioned at a designated point on the housing... ceramic and metallic pastes used 3D printing housings... sintered after printing process, together—and this makes special—with imprinted chip... Ceramic used insulating material and copper used contacting gate, drain and source areas of field-effect transistors" Related:  Researchers propel metal 3D-printing toward widespread application https://techxplore.com/news/2023-03-metal-3d-printing-conundrum-propel-technology.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-efficient-stable-eco-friendly-thermoelectric-material.html "of the four variants, the barium cobalt oxide layered film retained its stability in terms of structural integrity and electrical resistivity at temperatures as high as 600°C. In comparison, the sodium and calcium cobalt oxide films were only stable until 350°C, and the strontium cobalt oxide film was stable up to 450°C. The ZT of the barium cobalt oxide film increased with the temperature, reaching ~0.55 at 600°C, comparable to some commercially available thermoelectric converters"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-future-smart-homes-powered-electronics.html "To form the microsupercapacitor, the researchers deposited iron oxide onto one of the electrodes to form a cathode, and manganese oxide on the other to form an anode. The electrolyte layer connecting the electrodes was made from a lithium perchlorate and polymer solution. In tests, the device maintained a high energy storage capacity even after 4,000 charge-discharge cycles. When multiple microenergy devices were strung together in a three-by-three array, enough energy was stored to light an LED" Related:  KiloVault Introduces DIY All-in-one Solar Ready Energy Storage System for Off-Grid Living https://www.altenergymag.com/news/2023/08/21/kilovault-introduces-diy-all-in-one-solar-ready-energy-storage-system-for-off-grid-living/39990/

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-logic-gates-two-photon-absorption-carrier.html "combined the physical benefits of TPA with CR-SOAs... implement all-optical XOR, AND, NOR, OR, NAND, and XNOR logic gates... data rate 320 Gb/s... Mach-Zehnder interferometer, which has two symmetrical CR-SOAs arranged in... implement XOR, AND, NOR, NAND, and XNOR logic gates... OR logic gate built combining CR-SOA with delayed interferometer... logic gates... 320 Gb/s... better QF and BER when TPA is considered in CR-SOAs... without TPA not possible since metrics degraded"

  https://newatlas.com/telecommunications/quantum-entanglement-atoms-distance-record/ "entangled two rubidium atoms kept in optical traps in two different buildings... separated by 700 m (2,297 ft) of fiber optics... extended 33 km with extra spools of cable. Each atom excited with laser pulse, causes to emit photon quantum entangled with atom... photons sent down fiber optic cables meet receiving station... photons undergo a joint measurement, which entangles them – and because they’re each already entangled with their own atom, the two atoms become entangled with each other as well" Related: Researchers entangle ions across a 230-meter quantum network https://phys.org/news/2023-02-entangle-ions-meter-quantum-network.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-asymmetric-substitution-end-groups-efficient-all-small-molecule.html "Blending acceptor N3, SM-CA-Reh substituted with asymmetric end-groups CA and Reh... integrated photovoltaic advantages high fill factor (FF) SM-CA and high short-circuit current density (Jsc) SM-Reh.... SM-CA-Reh achieved increased FF 77.5% and PCE 16.34%... highest PCE reported for binary all-small-molecule OSCs... stacking morphology blend films determined by π–π interaction instead of dipole effect or crystallinity... asymmetric substitution of end-groups in molecular donors"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-liquefied-gas-electrolyte-temperature-resilient-lithium-metal.html "performance, their resilience to wide temperatures, and their sustainability. In addition, their approach highly unique, as it revisits some of the fundamentals of electrolyte design for battery technologies. dimethyl ether features simplest ether... compatible with Li metal... outstanding physical properties and electrochemically transport properties... batteries operating at ultra-low temperature. The pursuit of high-voltage (>4.5 V) batteries is also our interest" Related: Phosphazene-based electrolytes for high-voltage lithium batteries that work in extreme environments https://techxplore.com/news/2023-09-phosphazene-based-electrolytes-high-voltage-lithium-batteries.html

https://graphmatech.com/a-breakthrough-in-battery-recycling-helps-enable-the-green-transition/ "Graphene oxide strategic material... source outside region... scale up production graphene oxide... support... hydrogen pressure vessels and pipes that leak 40% less hydrogen than current technology. Modified graphene oxide added to metals... more conductive, stronger and tougher than alternatives, reducing metal consumption... graphene oxide from end-of-life batteries makes value chain sustainable and cost effective" Related: EV battery recycling startup claims 95% recovery yield using 10 times less energy https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2022/07/12/ev-battery-recycling-startup-claims-95-recovery-yield-using-10-times-less-energy/ Wearable electronics could soon be made with a starch-based material to prevent e-waste https://phys.org/news/2022-12-wearable-electronics-starch-based-material-e-waste.html Aqua Metals ($AQMS) Recovers Critical Battery Metals with Breakthrough Recycling Metho

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-next-generation-centers-energy-efficient.html "light controlled using phase-change material and graphene heater... switches can be used for optical routing information through network of devices, establishing their use in data centers. They are also interested in applying this technology to silicon nitride for routing single photons for quantum computing... tune optical properties of a material with just an atomically thin heater... energy efficiency and reliability unheard of... advance both information technology and quantum computing" Related: Breakthrough in computer chip energy efficiency could cut data center electricity use https://today.oregonstate.edu/news/breakthrough-computer-chip-energy-efficiency-could-cut-data-center-electricity-use

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-scientists-smart-terahertz-electro-optic-modulator.html "active and smart THz electro-optic modulator based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) film... transmission and absorption, also electrically modulate reflection and phase of THz waves... electric-current-induced insulator-to-metal transition... achieved near-perfect antireflection and 180° phase switching. Smart electro-optic THz control realized... VO2 structure using THz-electro-THz geometry feedback... THz amplitude achieved accurately no matter initial condition... and how external environment changed"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-unusual-superconductivity-trilayer-graphene.html "two superconductivity regimes with differently shaped superconducting gap profiles... one regimes... explained with theory similar to BCS, the presence of two regimes shows that within the superconducting phase an additional transition is likely to take place. This observation, alongside measurements taken at various temperatures and magnetic fields, points to the unconventional nature of superconductivity in the trilayers... more layers make superconductivity more robust while remaining highly tunable" Related: Physicists discover a 'family' of robust, superconducting graphene structures https://phys.org/news/2022-07-physicists-family-robust-superconducting-graphene.html Reaching superconductivity layer by layer https://phys.org/news/2023-03-superconductivity-layer.html Scientists use lasers to recreate 'twisted' superconducting material https://phys.org/news/2023-03-scientists-la

https://returntonow.net/2022/01/05/hemp-batteries-last-longer-lithium-graphene/ "cooked the woody pulp and processed them into carbon nanosheets, which they used to build supercapacitors “on a par with or better than graphene” – the industry gold standard. Graphene is a synthetic carbon material lighter than foil yet bulletproof, but it is prohibitively expensive to make. We’re making graphene-like materials for a thousandth of the price – and we’re doing it with waste. Mitlin, a chemical engineer, first published a description of his team’s battery" Related: Research team develops hemp-based masonry blocks https://techxplore.com/news/2023-03-team-hemp-based-masonry-blocks.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-spintronics-giant-rashba-semiconductors-unconventional.html "First, the sample was excited with an infrared pulse and then measured with high time resolution using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (tr-ARPES). "For the first time, we were able to observe and characterize all phases of excitation, thermalization and relaxation on ultrashort time scales," says Sánchez-Barriga. The most important result: "The data show that the thermal equilibrium between the system of electrons and the crystal lattice is restored" Redated: Novel nanowire fabrication technique paves way for next generation spintronics https://phys.org/news/2022-11-nanowire-fabrication-technique-paves-spintronics.html

  https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-ai-powered-app-boost-smartphone-batteries.html "boost smartphone battery life by 30 percent and shave countless kilowatts from energy bills will be unveiled to technology giants.... software to dramatically increasing efficiency and reliability in phones, tablets, cars, smart fridges and computers batteries"

https://www.laserfocusworld.com/science-research/article/14277850/new-approach-promising-for-freespace-optical-communication-capacity-expansion "spatially multiplexed multi-vortex geometric beams... high-dimensional information carriers... free-space optical communication... three independent DoFs... central OAM, sub-beam OAM, and coherent-state phase... spatial modes in ray-wave duality state... wave-like and ray-like... beam-quality space of tri-DoF MVGB set densely packed... consistent propagation behavior that it possesses a high divergence degeneracy—this is the ability for dozens of different modes to share the same beam divergence" Related: Mathematical calculations show that quantum communication across interstellar space should be possible https://phys.org/news/2022-07-mathematical-quantum-interstellar-space.html

  https://phys.org/news/2022-07-world-self-calibrated-photonic-chip-interchange.html "on-chip reference... components  work as one... address bottleneck internet issues reconfiguring optical internet... searching for patterns... medical diagnosis, autonomous vehicles, internet security, threat identification and search algorithms... self-calibration... integrating optical onto device that could be "plugged in" to existing infrastructure. Our solution is to... calibrate chips after manufacturing, tune using on-chip reference... optical delays  paths through the chip deduced from intensity versus wavelength"

  https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-iron-catalyst-hydrogen-fuel-cells.html "bonded four nitrogen atoms to the iron. Researchers then embedded the material in a few layers of graphene "with accurate atomic control of local geometric and chemical structures... vastly improved catalyst... most efficient iron-based catalyst produced to date, exceeding the DOE's 2025 target for electric current density. Achieved a durability rating that approaches platinum group catalysts" Related: Promising new catalysts for hydrogen fuel cells https://phys.org/news/2022-07-catalysts-hydrogen-fuel-cells.html Neutrons uncover hydrogen's hidden role in twisting iron https://phys.org/news/2023-02-neutrons-uncover-hydrogen-hidden-role.html Cryo-imaging lifts the lid on fuel cell catalyst layers https://actu.epfl.ch/news/cryo-imaging-lifts-the-lid-on-fuel-cell-catalyst-2/ Efficient fuel-molecule sieving using graphene https://phys.org/news/2023-09-efficient-fuel-molecule-sieving-graphen

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-block-copolymer-electrolyte-stable-sodium.html "built two similar prototypes—both of them had one sodium metal electrode. They differed in the makeup of the other electrode. In one of the prototypes, the other electrode was made using a sodium-vanadium phosphate while the other was made using sodium iron phosphate... able to hold charge and do so after 900 cycles... holding 97% of initial capacity... more stable than other sodium-based batteries, despite their high weight, storage devices for alternative energy farms" Related: New path for next-generation polymer-based battery design https://techxplore.com/news/2022-08-path-next-generation-polymer-based-battery.html Discovery offers path to safer, solid-state sodium rechargeable batteries https://techxplore.com/news/2022-08-discovery-path-safer-solid-state-sodium.html Battery technology achieves record high sodium-metal cycling rates https://techxplore.com/news/2023-12-battery-technology-hi

https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2022/07/05/energy-output-is-over-100-times-the-input-needed-to-manufacture-solar-panels/ "energy payback period ranging from 0.13 to 0.45 years for ground mounted module, and 0.27 to 0.92 years for a residential rooftop system. For ground mounted panels, the energy payback period can be as little as 47.5 days. Spread over the 40-year performance warranty on the panels, the energy output exceeds the input more than 100 times over its lifetime, marking a significant milestone for the sustainability of PV technology"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-energy-packed-batteries-extreme-cold.html "store up to two times more energy per kilogram... double the range of electric vehicles without any increase in the weight of the battery pack. Also, sulfur is more abundant and less problematic to source than the cobalt used in traditional lithium-ion battery cathodes... much longer cycling lives than typical lithium-sulfur battery... improve both cathode and anode while providing high conductivity and interfacial stability... more stable by grafting to polymer... prevents more sulfur from dissolving into the electrolyte" Related: Chinese startup says its new EV battery doesn’t lose range in the cold https://www.engadget.com/chinese-startup-says-its-new-ev-battery-doesnt-lose-range-in-the-cold-164149959.html Scientists invent revolutionary new material that will make EV batteries more durable than ever before https://www.thecooldown.com/green-tech/ev-battery-manufacturing-company-catl-extreme-cold

https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/penn-dental-engineering-shapeshifting-microrobots-can-brush-and-floss-teeth "optimized motions of microrobots on small slab toothlike material... tested microrobots’ performance adjusting to complex topography of tooth surface, interdental surfaces, and gumline... 3D-printed tooth models... eliminate biofilms, clearing them pathogens.. iron oxide nanoparticles FDA approved for other uses, and tests of the bristle formations on an animal model showed that they did not harm the gum tissue" Related: 90% Reduction: Scientists Discover Natural Molecule That Eradicates Plaques and Cavities https://scitechdaily.com/90-reduction-scientists-discover-natural-molecule-that-eradicates-plaques-and-cavities/ Humans Have a Third Set of Teeth. New Medicine May Help Them Grow https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/humans-third-set-teeth-medicine-150000910.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-self-standing-single-ion-polymer-electrolytes-high-temperature.html "enables Mo6S8//Mg batteries with superior wide-temperature (from room temperature to 150 degrees Celsius) performance and improves safety merit under abuse conditions due to high thermal stability and nonflammability features. Our design concept for self-standing polymer electrolyte provides a promising path to enable high-safety RMBs operating at elevated temperature, which is a significant milestone for boosting the application of RMBs"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-analog-chipsets-ai-applications.html "prototype analog chipset... helpful for Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based applications like object or speech recognition—think Alexa or Siri—or those that require massive parallel computing operations at high speeds... scale like digital processors... can be reconfigured and programmed... same analog modules can be ported across different generations of process design and across different applications... can synthesize same kind of chip at either 180 nm or at 7 nm, just like digital design" Related: AI ‘breakthrough’: neural net has human-like ability to generalize language https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03272-3

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-thermoelectrics-electricity.html "heated the material to very high temperatures, close to the melting point... high temperatures atoms vibrate so strongly swap their lattice positions... iron atoms located where vanadium atoms were before... atomic confusion which occurs at high temperatures... rapid cooling in water bath... regularity of atoms simplifies description of physical properties... imperfections account for most of thermoelectric performance" Related: New high-power thermoelectric device may provide cooling in next-gen electronics https://techxplore.com/news/2023-07-high-power-thermoelectric-device-cooling-next-gen.html

https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a40432968/dead-cone-effect/ "large mass — along with beauty and top quarks ... large dead cone... isolate charm quark and reconstruct gluon emissions... Comparing this emission pattern to the emissions from lighter quarks and from gluons revealed the dead cone in the charm quark’s emissions. “Our technique found a way not only to isolate the charm quark but measure an effect that is directly sensitive to the mass it has before it binds into a hadron"

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-universal-optothermal-micronanoscale-rotors.html "rotation of nanoscale rotors such as polystyrene-gold Janus particles using dark-field optical microscopy... live cells including live strains of fungi, bacteria and human cells in cell culture media containing ions... suited for rotors with complex architectures including out-of-plane rotation of particle dimers, trimers, and hexamers. Using the method, Ding et al envision accurate regulation of the rotor and laser beam to accomplish 3D profiling of biological cells and synthetic particles of high resolution" Related: A Janus carbon electrocatalyst can balance intrinsic activity and electronic conductivity https://phys.org/news/2022-12-janus-carbon-electrocatalyst-intrinsic-electronic.html New method produces homogeneous polystyrene microparticles in a stable dispersion https://phys.org/news/2023-10-method-homogeneous-polystyrene-microparticles-stable.html Combining extreme-ultraviolet light sour

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-lattice-distortions-carrier-mobility-2d.html "room-temperature... bulged substrates, which create ripples in 2D semiconductor and suppress scattering of phonons... placed 2D materials on substrates with bulged morphologies, creating ripples leads to lattice distortion... create larger electric polarization... enhance intrinsic dielectric constant... simple and cost-effective... tested on 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)... mobility 900 cm2 V−1 s−1... high carrier mobility... low-powered electronics... applications ranging from field-effect transistors to photodetectors"

https://phys.org/news/2022-06-miniaturized-highly-sensitive-ultrasound-sensor.html "optimized dimeter microfiber 7μm... Polydimethylsiloxane material high elastic-optical coefficient to encapsulate microfiber... sensitivity of linear microfiber ultrasound sensor improved order of magnitude... low noise equivalent pressure 153Pa and broad response bandwidth 14MHz (-10dB)... can be used for detection of weaker signals, optimizing microfiber and detection improve sensitivity and bandwidth... signal-to-noise ratio 31dB at depth 12mm... axial and lateral resolutions 65μm and 250μm at 5mm depth" Related: Development of ultrasensitive photoacoustic hydrogen sulfide sensor with fast response https://phys.org/news/2023-02-ultrasensitive-photoacoustic-hydrogen-sulfide-sensor.html A new approach to optical sensing, an increasingly in-demand technology https://phys.org/news/2023-03-approach-optical-in-demand-technology.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-06-fermi-level-tuning-stability-2d-graphene-based.html "tuned Fermi level... maximize energy distance between charge carriers and defect bands... improve stability transistors... resulted in lower hysteresis and bias temperature instability... Charge trapping is highly sensitive to the energetic alignment of the Fermi level of the channel with the defect band in the insulator, and thus, our approach maximizes the amount of electrically active border traps without the need to reduce the total number of traps in the insulator"

https://phys.org/news/2022-06-carbon-dioxide-protein-animal.html "bioreactor," said Rowe. "This is the... same technology used to make enzymes... put into fermentation tank as gas... hydrogen added to serve as an energy source.. .After cellular process  complete, protein dried into powder... ingredient in sustainable animal feed... The Deep Branch process converts carbon dioxide into a powder, called Proton, which has around 70% protein content. This is much higher than natural soy, which has around 40%" Related: Review of technologies that boost potential for carbon dioxide conversion to useful products https://phys.org/news/2022-07-technologies-boost-potential-carbon-dioxide.html Researchers reveal elusive bottleneck holding back global effort to convert carbon dioxide waste into usable products https://phys.org/news/2024-02-reveal-elusive-bottleneck-global-effort.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-powering-ships-hydrogen-methanol "scale membrane from original length ofust 105 mm to 500 mm, engine propulsion 1 MW... develop propulsion systems of 20 MW and above...  waste heat from the engine is used to heat the reactor, significantly increasing the efficiency of the system. Secondly, the remaining carbon dioxide is returned to a fluid state downstream of the reactor and fed into the empty methanol tanks. When the ship arrives at port, the CO2 is fed into tanks and can then be used for the next methanol synthesis process" Related: Flat plate bow covers pave way for more economical shipping by improving ship aerodynamics https://techxplore.com/news/2023-03-flat-plate-pave-economical-shipping.html Backing Up the Power Grid With Green Methanol A closed-loop storage-plus-power system stockpiles renewable energy wherever it's needed https://spectrum.ieee.org/methanol-energy-storage Direct Methanol Fuel Cell https://theconcordian.com/202

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-efficiency-solar-cell-light-absorption-capacity.html "enhanced light absorption and photocurrent maintaining thickness optimizes charge extraction by forming rear electrode of perovskite quantum dot solar cell into nanostructure... among the shape of the nanostructure, the light absorption ability, and the electrical loss of the solar cell due to nanostructure... optically and electrically effective nanostructured rear electrodes and optically enhanced the light absorption capacity of the solar cell and maximized the efficiency of the solar cell without electrical loss" Related: Flexible all-perovskite tandem solar cells with a 24.7% efficiency https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-flexible-all-perovskite-tandem-solar-cells.html CSEM, EPFL achieve 31.25% efficiency for tandem perovskite-silicon solar cell https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2022/07/07/csem-epfl-achieve-31-25-efficiency-for-tandem-perovskite-silicon-solar-cell/ Photoinduced large pola

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-scientists-unravel-principles-material-fast-charging.html "anode... nickel-based coordination polymer from benzenetetramine... operando X-ray diffraction and operando Raman spectroscopy, which allowed us to track the structural changes inside the batteries in detail. We were the first to apply such a rigorous approach for this class of compounds. This study sheds light on the redox chemistry of coordination polymers, which can be useful for many applications"

https://phys.org/news/2022-06-holy-grail-catalysisturning-methane-methanol.html "MOF... serving as sort of test tube... combine different substances... neutron scattering take 'pictures' at VISION instrument confirmed interactions between CH4 and mono-iron-hydroxyl sites that weaken C-H bonds," said Yongqiang Cheng, instrument scientist at the ORNL Neutron Sciences Directorate. VISION is a ... high-throughput neutron vibrational spectrometer optimized to... provide information about molecular structure, chemical bonding and intermolecular interactions" Related:  Scientists use computational modeling to design 'ultrastable' materials https://phys.org/news/2023-04-scientists-ultrastable-materials.html Reducing the carbon footprint of methane by converting it into methanol with a new enzyme https://phys.org/news/2023-09-carbon-footprint-methane-methanol-enzyme.html Scientists make methanol at room temperature https://phys.org/news/2023-09-scientists-methanol

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-photon-controlled-diode-optoelectronic-device-behavior.html "Controlled by light, Schottky junctions suppress or permit rectification behavior of n/n− junction... output current photon-controlled diode change from fully-off to rectified state... light-to-dark rectification ratio... more than 106... photodetector, its responsivity exceeds 105 A/W... by increasing thickness photogating layer, behavior device changes to a multifunctional photomemory with highest nonvolatile responsivity 4.8×107 A/W and longest retention time of 6.5 × 106 s reported so far"

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-07-world-durable-hydrogen-fuel-cell.html "cut down proportion platinum used by 80 percent, set record in terms of cell's durability level... containing little platinum, new hybrid catalyst developed by the team managed to maintain the platinum catalytic activity at 97% after 100,000 cycles of accelerated stress testing, compared to the current catalyst which normally sees a drop of over 50% in performance after 30,000 cycles. In another test, the new fuel cell did not show any performance decay after operating for 200 hours"