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Showing posts with the label catalyst

Carbon nitride sheets' non-planar surface wrinkling improves charge separation/ catalytic efficiency compared to flat 2D designs

https://phys.org/news/2026-09-wrinkled-carbon-nitride-flat-sheet.html "studies modelling graphitic carbon nitride for photocatalyst design/ optimization incorrectly predicted perfectly flat 2D sheets... now found that introducing nitrogen atoms disrupts uniform planar interactions, causing atomic structure to buckle into gentle ripples, representing lower-energy/ more stability... its true non-planar geometry provides accurate foundational framework for applications like metal-free photocatalysts used in solar energy conversion, hydrogen/ chemical production, pollutant degradation"

Magnetic control of electron spin alignment accelerates ferromagnetic nickel surface hydrogen adsorption/ abstraction reactions by >7X

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1142184 "orienting spin parallel to surface results in >7X more hydrogen adsorption than orienting it perpendicularly... also, parallel spin alignment significantly improves subsequent hydrogen-deuterium abstraction reaction efficiency; more intense with stronger magnetic fields... magnetic fields can selectively regulate chemical reaction pathways and efficiency beyond conventional controls like temperature... non-thermal boost to catalytic efficiency/ chemical production"

Catalyst releases solvated electrons directly into solution, overcoming thermodynamic selectivity limits in single-electron transfer reactions

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/08/260807035147.htm "electron transfers to whichever molecule is easiest to reduce, restricting chemical pathways... overcome so electron rapidly binds to 1st reactant encountered... intended target molecule escapes course-reversal/ progresses to final product... thermodynamically favored partner recycled back to starting material... constructs previously inaccessible, complex molecules, new chemical synthesis pathways across organic chemistry/ drug discovery" Related: New ligand design balances radical generation and catalyst regeneration for challenging chemical reactions https://phys.org/news/2026-09-ligand-radical-generation-catalyst-regeneration.html

Scalable active catalyst vastly speeds up iron ore chemical reduction using hydrogen, for commercial/ energetic green steel production

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1131809 "hydrogen-based steel production requires heating iron ore to extreme temperatures stripping away oxygen molecules, limiting industrial efficiency/ output, overcome introducing inexpensive chemical catalyst into reaction zone lowering activation energy threshold... much faster chemical reduction rates/ reduced overall furnace electricity/ hydrogen consumption... green steel production commercially competitive with traditional fossil-fuel smelting methods"

Plug-and-play method transforms living cells into specialized chemical factories by combining synthetic biology with engineered enzymes

https://phys.org/news/2026-03-cells-chemicals-enzymes.html "high-value chemical production using: microbes self-sustaining but limited by biology, isolated enzymes highly specific but expensive/ fragile, overcome combining methods... engineer E. coli producing specific precursor molecules from simple sugars, introduce non-natural enzymes into cell performing chemical reactions like carbene transfer, evolve these enzymes to work progressively better, funnel cell's natural energy/ carbon sources into reaction to keep cells alive... result: pure drug precursor cyclopropane"

Proton shuttle-assisted triplet energy transfer at room-temperature to benefit optoelectronic devices and artificial energy systems

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1120559 "light hitting zinc selenide quantum dots attached to phenol-pyridine forces hole/ electron movement, synchronized with proton quantum mechanically tunneling from 1 part of molecule to another and back... process fast/ temperature insensitive, enables switching triplet energy transfer on/ off... improves organic solar cell/ laser efficiency, speeds up chemical reaction catalysis used in environmental cleanup or drug manufacturing (photoredox catalysis)" Related: CityUHK researchers achieve first-ever recycling spin-triplet excitons for power generation, boosting organic photovoltaics efficiency to 20.5% https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1134814 UW chemists find a new way around a long-established limitation to electron transfer selectivity https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1137574 Researchers uncover molecular strategy for efficient triplet generation https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1142900 Three quantum ...

Reversibly linking DNA strands using light/ reduction-oxidation signals

https://phys.org/news/2026-02-dna-redox-cues-reversibly-link.html "switchable DNA linkage uses specific chemical modifications (redox-active labels) triggering DNA strands to bond/ separate in response to different stimuli: laser, LED, presence of certain antioxidants/ oxidants... dynamic nanomaterials that can assemble, disassemble, reconfigure... targeted drug delivery releasing cargo only when triggered, synthetic tissues/ hydrogels that can change stiffness/ elasticity, molecular computing using DNA as logic gates that respond to chemical/ light triggers"

Plasmon-induced resonance energy transfer, with 40% efficiency, photochemically enhances polymer growth on single gold nanorod

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-driven-reaction-advanced-hybrid-nanomaterial.html "Light-driven reaction, mainly involving singlet molecular oxygen, leads to hybrid nanomaterial generation/ tetroxide decomposition... light rather than heat driven chemical reactions more efficient... energy moves from plasmonic metal nanoparticles to semiconductor or molecule without need for physical contact... resonant energy transfer from gold nanorod to synthetic blue dye molecule converts light energy into different forms until it becomes part of hybrid polymer... energy-efficient chemical reactions" Related: Efficient PET-RAFT polymerization achieved by using low-toxicity shortwave infrared CuInSe₂/CuInS₂ quantum dots https://phys.org/news/2025-10-efficient-pet-raft-polymerization-toxicity.html Seeing the unseen: Quantum dots reveal hidden light waves on metal surfaces https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1137084

Cerium-based catalyst interconverts between 2 chemically different oxidation states, enabling 2 completely different reactions in same container

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1095273   "multiple chemical reaction steps carried out 1 after another creates significant overhead, overcome synthesizing complex molecules in 1 step without needing to isolate intermediate products/ change catalysts... linked 2 reactions: ring-forming step acting on initial reactants producing intermediate compound, oxidation reaction adding oxygen producing final compound... catalyzing either reaction flips cerium to other oxidation state... gets high yields under mild conditions... pharmaceuticals, functional materials"

Converting alcohols to valuable chemical products at lower temperature using safer iodine instead of heavy metals, precious metals, or reagents

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1093756 "oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones fundamental to chemical manufacturing... iodine-oxone catalyst (no toxic chromium/ manganese) in its pre-activated form, adding chemical helper improving mixing, sustainably converts alcohols into aldehydes or carboxylic acids and ketones at 30°C (was 70°C)... pre-activated IBS catalyst in ready-to-work form, adding helper chemical tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate so oxone dissolves/ mixes properly... 1-pot for multiple reactions... medicines, fragrances, plastics"

Single-molecule chip films hidden intermediates at nanosecond scale enabling scalable synthesis driven by electric field

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1090916 "graphene-based chip... 1000X faster... captured elusive intermediates in Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction... 2 proton transfer pathways: kinetic path/ dominant stepwise thermodynamic path... reaction oscillatory behavior created electric field, 5K reactions/ second turnover frequency, huge increase vs. conventional... Scaling enabled synthesizing multiple compounds within hour using densely integrated molecular devices... energy-efficient on-chip chemical manufacturing... catalysts, green synthesis protocols" Related : Single molecules illuminated for quantum light sources and molecular optoelectronic chips https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1116347

Fine-tuning a single electron's quantum spin for high-performance electrocatalysts that drive faster, smarter, greener energy reactions

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1088318 "electron spin on catalyst surfaces fundamental in how atoms bond/ react... accelerates reactions such as oxygen reduction/ evolution (hydrogen production), CO2 conversion, nitrogen fixation, by fine-tuning methods such as atomic doping, magnetic field modulation, toggling between high/ low-spin states, crystal structure tuning, applying magnetic fields. defect engineering... integrates principles from spintronics into electrocatalysis... fuel cells, metal–air batteries, electrolyzers, converting CO₂ into useful fuels/ chemicals" Related: Integrating sulfur into crystalline nanostructures fuels catalytic activity https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1092388 Chemical fermentation-induced porous bio-carbon with embedded Ni–Fe alloy for ultra-efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysis https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1093196 Inverse design of catalytic materials with topological AI https://www.eurekalert.org/news-rele...

Growing carbon nanotubes using 100 billion alumina-supported iron nanoparticle catalysts acting like seeds on a 1 X 1 cm plot

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1088061 "creating ideal high-density nanotube structures is difficult, overcome using machine-learning to model, characterize, simulate, predict nanoparticle catalyst growth during nanotube fabrication... keeps fabrication cool/ connected... future: not all of those 100 billion nanoparticles will grow nanotubes, and we are working to discover which ones act as seeds, and why" Related: This new aluminum could replace rare metals and cut costs dramatically https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/04/260429102032.htm

Catalyst of platinum nanoparticles protected with graphene nanopockets enhances fuel cell lifetime, durability and efficiency

https://phys.org/news/2025-04-pt-nano-catalyst-graphene-pockets.html#google_vignette "overcomes catalysts' tendency to gradually dissolve, some atoms redepositing onto other particles, causing them to become larger, reducing catalyst area that can speed up reactions, causing performance decline... protected nanoparticles supported/ confined within Ketjenblack carbon pores... 0.74 A mg⁻¹ initial mass activity, 1.08 W cm⁻² power density, <1.1% power loss after 90K voltage cycle accelerated stress test, >200K hour lifetime... future: advanced carbon support, electrode architecture, ionomer components" Related: UCLA Breakthrough Extends Fuel Cell Lifespan Beyond 200,000 hours https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1082000 CeO2-supported bi-layer Pt clusters enable efficient stable anti-Markovnikov alkene hydrosilylation https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1093191 Armor-plated platinum catalyst unlocks durable fuel cells https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/11...

Palladium-liquid gallium catalyst transforms chemical manufacturing, boosting efficiency, speed, safety and sustainability

https://phys.org/news/2025-03-palladium-liquid-gallium-catalyst-chemical.html "self-regenerating, utilizing fluid-like behavior of palladium atoms in liquid gallium... Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions forming carbon-carbon bonds accelerated by up to 100K times faster than existing palladium catalysts... palladium atoms just below liquid surface activate gallium atoms above, where reaction happens... heterogeneous catalyst without palladium ions leaching into/ contaminating pharmaceutical products... pharmaceuticals, eco-friendly agrochemicals, plastics, polymers, electronic components" Related: Platinum atoms placed with precision transform catalyst speed and efficiency https://phys.org/news/2025-06-platinum-atoms-precision-catalyst-efficiency.html New catalyst cuts precious palladium expenditure 100-fold by using recycled waste https://phys.org/news/2025-06-catalyst-precious-palladium-expenditure-recycled.html Goodbye transition metals – novel approach in organic synt...

Perovskite with copper nanoatalyst and sunlight converts CO2 into hydrocarbons for clean fuel, chemical and plastic production

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1072103 "produces ethane/,ethylene,  glycerate, lactate, formate... also input water/ glycerol (oxidized using silicon nanowire electrodes)... 200X better (by using glycerol) than earlier systems splitting water and CO2... design of catalyst’s surface area influences which products generated... making the process more selective... current CO₂-to-hydrocarbon selectivity remains around 10%, but researchers are optimistic about improving catalyst design to increase efficiency" Related: Chemists discover new method to transform carbon dioxide to formate https://phys.org/news/2025-03-chemists-method-carbon-dioxide-formate.html#google_vignette Novel material holds promise for tech to convert CO2 into fuel https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1077937 Turning carbon dioxide into fuel just got easier, thanks to acid bubbles https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1086660 Nickel catalyst opens door to sustainable, branched hydrocarbon fuels...

Anti-Markovnikov hydrochlorination: Iron/ sulfur catalysts activated by mild blue light add chlorine atoms to organic molecules at lower cost

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-eco-friendly-chlorine-method-drug.html "no harsh chemicals, high temperatures, or purification challenges... room temperature, efficient, precise targeting of chlorine placement on molecules creating highly pure products by selectively attaching chlorine atoms to less-reactive parts of starting molecules... can additionally use heavy water to incorporate deuterium to make certain drugs potentially more effective, and last longer in the body by increasing stability... medications, plastics, pesticides and other essential products" Related: Metalloligand enabling cobalt-catalyzed anti-markovnikov hydrosilylation of alkynes with tertiary silanes https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099281 Heavy water expands energy potential of carbon nanotube yarns https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1119930

Oxygen and chlorine evolution from electrolysers employing MXene surface catalyst, without need for noble metals

https://www.uni-due.de/2024-12-17-catalysis-with-electrochemistry-instead-of-precious-metals "MXene surface changes into brush-like structure: non-noble metal atoms migrate out forming SAC (single atom catalyst)- like structures... forms gaseous chlorine from water containing chloride ions... chemical industry produces more than 70 million tons of gaseous chlorine per year for pharmaceuticals, plastics, batteries, water treatment... forms gaseous hydrogen and oxygen from water only electrolyte by means of oxygen evolution – an important step in the formation of green hydrogen" Related: Harnessing spin: New electrocatalysts could transform hydrogen production efficiency https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-harnessing-electrocatalysts-hydrogen-production-efficiency.html Rrcombinant α-carboxysome shells, natural microcompartments from bacteria, combined with microporous organic semiconductor, is highly effective at producing hydrogen https://www.miragenews.com/breakthrough-in-eng...

Nitrogen-doped platinum-cobalt alloy catalyst enables more durable, cheaper, longer-lasting hydrogen PEM fuel cells

https://www.electronicsforu.com/news/nitrogen-doped-catalyst-boosts-hydrogen-fuel-cells "forming stable cobalt-nitrogen bonds, preventing cobalt dissolution, significantly reduces platinum requirement... highly ordered, both on surface/ within its core... doubles cobalt dissolution energy, substantially improving its stability...  automotive, marine, aviation, power generation" Related: X-ray study sheds light on cost-effective fuel cell material that could rival platinum https://techxplore.com/news/2025-02-ray-effective-fuel-cell-material.html Cobalt catalyst rivals platinum in key industrial reaction https://phys.org/news/2025-05-cobalt-catalyst-rivals-platinum-key.html China’s PEM Fuel Cell Breakthrough Slashes Platinum Use, Boosts Power with COF-Enhanced Catalyst Layer https://www.hydrogenfuelnews.com/chinas-pem-fuel-cell-breakthrough-slashes-platinum-use-boosts-power-with-cof-enhanced-catalyst-layer/8572100/ Platinum-calcium alloy nanoparticles replace platinum – achievi...

Triazenolysis produces raw materials for manufacture of polymers, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural compounds

https://www.technion.ac.il/en/2024/11/technion-researchers-have-developed-a-new-chemical-process-triazenolysis/ "chemical process converting alkenes – common organic compounds such as petroleum – into multifunctional amines useful in various research and industrial applications. The Technion-developed process mimics ozonolysis, a long-established technology used to create molecules with carbon-oxygen bonds... triazenolysis instead produces carbon-nitrogen bonds relevant to a wide range of applications by cleaving carbon-carbon bonds in olefins" Related: Iron core-shell catalyst boosts hydrogen economy of direct syngas to olefin conversion https://phys.org/news/2025-11-iron-core-shell-catalyst-boosts.html