Today's Tech News: Notable or Not?

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1102028 "replaces antenna/ electronic mixer with new medium: atoms released from rubidium placed in glass cell vacuum harnessed for 3-laser controlled choreography... rubidium vapor, sealed enclosure, lasers convert radio waves into infrared radiation... non-invasive measurements enable recording weak fields without metal antenna disturbance... concealable wiretap... future: detector could take form of mere thickening on optical fiber containing lasers, as well as received IR, sent in opposite direction in optical fiber"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101989 "silica fiber doped with Nd3+ ions emitting photons across wide range of wavelengths including telecom standard, fiber then tapered wherein fiber section heated/ pulled gradually reducing thickness enabling accessing spatially separated individual Nd3+ within tapered section for selective laser pumped excitation... carries quantum information with extremely low loss... cost-effective, wavelength selectable, integrates into existing networks for all-fiber-integrated quantum communication networks... multi-qubit processing unit"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101937 "time crystals, defined by their lowest possible energy state which perpetually repeats movements without external energy input, made part of optomechanical system that can adjust the crystal’s properties... radio waves pump magnons into near-absolute 0 Helium-3 superfluid, then pump turned off whereby magnons formed time crystal on top staying in motion up to 108 cycles/ several minutes before fading, whereby time crystal connected itself to nearby mechanical oscillator, adopting same frequency/ amplitude"

https://bioengineer.org/stable-licl-electrolyte-with-in-situ-anion-receptor/ "in-situ synthesis also enhances selectivity in ion transfer, ensuring lithium ions preferentially conducted over other, potentially harmful ions, reducing risk of side reactions... lower viscosity/ favorable thermal behavior improves electrochemical stability... sustainable materials, longer lifetime, safer, reduced internal resistance, increased efficiency... future: performance/ safety optimization, scalability/ production, applicability to other types of ionic liquids/ salt solutions... grid storage, renewable integration, portable electronics"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101511 "no complicated steps or need for seed crystal to jumpstart process... laser heat leads to crystallization... future: larger and more complex patterns, multiple lasers of different colors for more intricate crystal patterns, attempting to create entirely new materials that can’t be made through conventional methods... more efficient solar panels, brighter LEDs, advanced electronics, medical imaging"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1102020 "scalable/ stable high-yield production, 80% transparency with monolayer cellular structure preserved intact... 0.41% absolute photoelectric conversion efficiency enhancement in solar cells, native cellulose alignment and wax-cellulose interfaces enable 88% broadband light-scattering haze... squid-inspired peeling: peroxyformic acid selectively disrupts parenchyma cell bonds, preserving cellulose structure... retains native cellulose I crystallinity (64.76%) and uniaxial fibril alignment (Hermans factor: 0.23)."

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101723 "applying this material to building roofs improves efficiency, reducing annual heating/ cooling energy costs by up to 26.5%... controlling laser's output intensity changes material's optical/ thermal properties: high-power laser transforms surface into white porous structure (SiO2-centered) reflecting sunlight lowering temperature 5.89°C, low-power laser creates black porous structure (SiC-centered) absorbing sunlight heating surface to 58.1°C... also, temperature differences enable thermoelectric generators"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101722 "incorporation of just one extra silver atom, guided by ligand design, can drastically boost performance... additional silver atom in silver 79 nanoclusters enhanced radiative decay rates from symmetry reduction... also made the cluster more rigid suppressing non-radiative decay pathways that typically diminish luminescence efficiency... opens pathway to rationally engineer efficient light-emitting nanoclusters through atomic-level structural modifications.,, LEDs, bioimaging, catalysis, optoelectronics, sensing"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-10-fabric-patch-static-electricity-chat.html "turns clothing into a kind of voice-activated microphone... sensors often bulky, rigid, uncomfortable, struggle to hear soft/ normal speaking voices, overcome with triboelectricity... moving makes layers rub together creating tiny electrostatic charge which vibrates slightly as you speak, generating 21 volt electrical signal representing your voice, boosted by embedded flower-shaped nanoparticles capturing charge/ preventing dissipation... signal sent wirelessly to smartphone/ computer hosting deep learning model"

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-driven-reaction-advanced-hybrid-nanomaterial.html "Light-driven reaction, mainly involving singlet molecular oxygen, leads to hybrid nanomaterial generation/ tetroxide decomposition... light rather than heat driven chemical reactions more efficient... energy moves from plasmonic metal nanoparticles to semiconductor or molecule without need for physical contact... resonant energy transfer from gold nanorod to synthetic blue dye molecule converts light energy into different forms until it becomes part of hybrid polymer... energy-efficient chemical reactions" Related: Efficient PET-RAFT polymerization achieved by using low-toxicity shortwave infrared CuInSe₂/CuInS₂ quantum dots https://phys.org/news/2025-10-efficient-pet-raft-polymerization-toxicity.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-10-super-thin-semiconductor-thermal-stability.html "high-speed, high-frequency, low-cost, low-temperature, large-area, chip-compatible processing with high carrier mobility, but thermal conductivity inherently low... overcome using high-thermal-conductivity silicon carbide substrate for power amplification above 10 GHz RF, also in DC current... eliminates self-heating even under 3V/ 125°C... future: thin-channel materials for back-end-of-line-compatible electronics, enabling scalable/ energy-efficient RF integration... high-speed: RF power amplifiers, data communications"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101411 "switching between different topologies that govern wave direction to find magic angle focusing/ guiding sound vibration spread for faster, more efficient signal processing... greater broadband signal control across wide range of frequencies... enables quickly adjusted wave behavior, improving information transmission... facilitates the design of systems with greater resistance to glitches due to fabrication imperfections... sensing, communication, signal processing, ultrasound, microfluidics, chip-scale devices"

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-atomic-interactions-ultracold-gas-button.html "atoms' attraction/ repulsion, resonances, scattering behavior controllable over wide range by manipulating magnetic field oscillation's strength/ frequency using external magnet... this wide range control goes beyond using Feshbach scattering resonances where quantum mechanical systems' interaction was fixed at single value... quantum gases achieving previously unattainable states, dynamically generating bound states... manipulation analogous to using push button controls"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100993 "levitation isolates rotors' torque/ angular momentum to more accurately measure gravity, gas pressure, momentum, linear acceleration... diamagnetically levitating rotor: 1 cm graphite disk floating above 3 round magnets stacked... eddy currents forming inside material resists motion a bit like frictional drag, hindering measurements, overcome with plate design experiencing only slight eddy-current damping inside silica-coated graphite grains but no damping in rotor... cooling/ slowing rotation makes motion quantum"

https://bioengineer.org/high-performance-microchannels-for-electronic-cooling-solutions/ "microchannel cooling boosts longevity/ performance... coolant channel (tapered manifold) top layer directs water down to microjet layer directing coolant down to sawtoothed sidewall microchannels maximizing surface area contact between coolant/ heated surfaces... low thermal resistance manages elevated temperatures without overheating/ failure, low 0.9 W/ cm−2 pumping power need minimizes cooling system component wear... MEMS fabrication on silicon substrate... telecommunications, AI, renewable energy"

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-multimode-quantum-entanglement-dissipation.html "overcomes environmental noise, transforming dissipation into resource generating specific squeezed entangled states through precise laser control of trapped ion chain, from initial thermal states, achieving >84% fidelity... dissipative spin/ vibrational mode coupling engineering, enabling programmable control over specific dissipation processes... entangled target quantum state system's sole steady state, driving other states to spontaneously evolve toward it, exhibiting autonomous stabilization... multi-parameter estimation"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101318 "electron gas generation by illuminating oxide layered material, when switched off gas disappears... much faster, more energy-efficient, simpler operation... eliminates up to third of chip's electrical contacts saving around billion electrical contacts on computer processor alone... also, ultra-sensitive optical detectors where for same electrical voltage light boosts current produced up to 100,000X stronger than in dark... these gases occur naturally in certain semiconductor materials... electronics, spintronics, quantum computing"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100960 "magnetization insulator reversal achieving spin-orbit torque of microscopic magnets atop 3 nm thick platinum film on top of thulium iron garnet, by applying current (not magnetism)... cheaper, existing on-axis magnetron sputtering mass production method, where atoms are knocked-out of film, then deposited on substrate layer by layer... 0.7 x 1011 A/m2 data writing efficiency comparable to conventional methods... AI”

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101394 "full spectrum including difficult to produce yellows/ greens... low 11.5 (as low as 8) V... built QLED on top of indium tin oxide glass substrate, depositing: electrically conductive polymer layers (each 10s of nm thick), quantum dot mixture, metal oxide particles, and aluminum or silver top layer... final white QLED wallpaper-like thickness... sleep and eye health: more red/ less blue... >92% on color rendering index... 80% of QLED devices using various conductive materials exceeded brightness target for phone/ computer screens"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101495 "states switchable by magnetic or electric fields vulnerable to external influences/ degrade over time... overcome using ferroaxial rubidium iron dimolybdate hosting vortices of electric dipoles positionable in opposite directions without creating net magnetization/ electric polarization, made easier to control using circularly polarized THz pulses for switching... adjusting circularly polarized light's helicity (twist) pulses selectively stabilizes clockwise or anti-clockwise rotational arrangement of the electric dipoles”

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101542 "perform as well as copper foils which constitute nearly 15% of battery weight, but are 3 to 4X thinner/ about 10X lighter... translates chemical energy into electrical current... MXenes: exceptional electrical conductivity, excellent flexibility, high mechanical strength, electrochemically stable in acidic/ corrosive electrolytes, dispersible in water enabling easy processing... also for use in lightweight batteries for drones or other flying vehicles"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-10-scientists-world-chip-combines-2d.html "only simple chips could be constructed with 2D materials like graphene, and wasn't easy connecting to traditional processors, overcome with full-featured 2D silicon-based hybrid flash memory chip enabled by ATOM2CHIP technology... grows memory material only a few atoms thick directly onto a standard silicon chip... new type of packaging to protect fragile 2D materials from stress, heat and static electricity... tested running at 5 MHz... faster, handles complex operations"

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-individual-electrons-easing-cooling-limits.html "EeroQ quantum computing company pioneering electron-on-helium technology... this world-first demonstration achieved using on-chip superconducting microwave circuit with superfluid helium filled microchannel... enables larger/ more practical quantum processors... electrons on helium can provide exceptionally pure/ long-lived qubits"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100863 "group IV alloy semiconductors deliver beyond what silicon/ germanium alone can... compatible with existing silicon-based platforms... low in-plane heavy hole effective mass, large g-factor, anisotropy... low-power spintronics, qubits exhibiting long coherence times, thermoelectrics, on-chip lasers/ photonics, 5G/6G, AI"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1101185 "analyzing matter at quantum scale, where tiny particles interact in more than trillion configurations at once, often rely on supercomputers/ AI... overcome using truncated Wigner approximation... practical, user-friendly template allows usable results in hours... lower computational cost... keeps just enough quantum behavior to stay accurate/ discarding details that have little effect on outcome... no need to re-derive math from scratch each time applying method to new quantum problem, learn method in 1 day, proficient in 3"

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251007081833.htm "stream of single photons carry quantum information for quantum technologies, but much of this light is lost in all directions... overcome by producing this light stream by placing, within a few billionths of a meter, nanodiamonds containing defects (nitrogen-vacancy centers) exactly at the center of hybrid nanoantennas that are built from layers of metal and dielectric materials in precise bullseye pattern, guiding light in well-defined direction instead of letting it scatter... faster, more reliable, chip-based quantum networks"

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251007081829.htm "enabled by quantum geometry/ spontaneous symmetry breaking... in quantum metals quantum effects normally only relevant at atomic scales become powerful enough to control macroscopic electrical properties... kagome metals cooled to -190°C inherently strongly amplify quantum effect where electrons form circulating currents creating wave-like patterns throughout material... electronic devices controlled by simple magnets: magnetic memory devices, ultra-sensitive sensors"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-10-hybrid-boosts-energy-harvesting-motion.html "hybrid: microstructured barium titanate embedded into a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) and poly(ethylene oxide) polymer matrix film interface... flexible, lightweight, self-sufficient, sustainable, significantly improves triboelectric nano -generator/ -sensor efficiency... generates up to 18 volts from smart infrastructure/ simple mechanical motions such as walking, wrist bending, surface tapping... wearable electronics, health monitoring systems, low-voltage devices"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100979 "analog high-frequency RF/ microwave processors, including power-divider layer... not limited by transistor switching, digital processor clock speed, heat generation, energy efficiency... integrates device-level physics with system-level applications... unlike quantum systems which have scalability/ stability issues, this technology is feasible now... scalable real-time: radar, wireless networks, advanced communications, sensors, space technologies"

https://www.engineering.columbia.edu/about/news/powerful-and-precise-multi-color-lasers-now-fit-single-chip "microcomb source spectrally separates comb lines... enables sending dozens of clean, high-power data stream channels simultaneously... no large/ expensive lasers/ amplifiers... locking mechanism purifies powerful but noisy multimode laser diode, relying on silicon photonics to reshape/ clean up laser’s output, enabling high coherence... wavelength-division multiplexing: dozens of beams in parallel through same fiber... portable sensors, ultra-precise optical clocks, compact quantum devices, LiDAR, data centers" Related: Programmable optical chip merges photons to change color https://phys.org/news/2025-10-programmable-optical-chip-merges-photons.html

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100927 "flatbands span entire nonlocal metasurface k-space selectively controlling for linearly/ circularly polarized light, extending coupled-resonator optical waveguide concept to metasurfaces... collective optics trap light producing sharper resonances/ stronger interactions with matter... tuned lateral coupling slows light to near 0 group velocity, boosting light–matter interactions with consistent resonance across different incidence angles... nonlinear quantum optics, advanced sensing, communications, compact flat-optics, sensing"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100847 "simpler/ more powerful nonlinear light routing not requiring switches, external control, digital addressing... 2-step process: expansion optical analogue, then thermal equilibrium, enabling light to find correct path naturally by following thermodynamic principles: expansion, compression, phase transitions... control of light and other electromagnetic signals”

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100921 "Poincaré sphere geometrics created/ manipulated nano-scale topological entities in soliton (skyrmion/ antiskyrmion, vortex) ferroelectric ultrathin films by tailoring laser's twist/ phase structure... laser beams ranging from Laguerre-Gaussian to Hermite-Gaussian modes imprint rich patterns onto ferroelectric films' polarization landscape... handedness control within trillionths of second... ultrafast, robust, smooth, entirely optical, unlike previous methods that often required complex electrical or mechanical manipulation"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-method-enables-ws8322-epitaxy-growth.html "synthesized monolayer tungsten disulfide lateral homojunctions via in situ hexagonal domain band structure manipulation enabling controllable direct chemical vapor deposition growth... exhibits distinct field-effect characteristics while maintaining atomic lattice matching and customized band alignment at interfaces... logic inverters based on these structures demonstrated rail-to-rail operation with a peak voltage gain of 12, dynamic delay of ~135 μs, and ultralow power consumption of 1.3 nW"

https://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/stretchable-light-emitting-material-photon-based-devices "fragility/ low light yield overcome: nafion reinforces fragile 2D layer/ heals surface defects achieving orders magnitude greater light-emitting efficiency... stacked alternating 2D molybdenum sulfide/ nafion layers... preserves the ideal behavior of the 2D layer, even in thick, flexible membranes... no longer fragile material was then deployed in large-area membranes that were markedly brighter and remained stable in air, in water and when stretched... compact, flexible stretchable displays in computer chips/ lasers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097886 "new methods/ materials for making... irradiate/ imprint materials quickly/ precisely using higher-powered lasers does not allow radiation-sensitive resist coating to work on silicon wafer with <10 nm patterns... overcome using imidazole coating: new class of resist zinc-organics allowing such imprints... adjusting UV frequency/ intensity, metal, imidazole changes light absorption efficiency... at least 10 different metals, hundreds of organics... commercial within 10 years”

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-method-faraday-rotation-polymers.html "controlling Faraday rotation, where optically inactive substances exhibit optical rotation when linearly polarized light passes parallel to magnetic field... in conductive polymers (polarons), formed during doping via low voltage electrochemical oxidation... influences optical, magnetic properties... magnetic field sensors and optical communication devices"

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-rechargeable-powers-nanoscale-molecular-machines.html "room temperature circuits spend heat energy stored in kinetic traps, like molecular springs, recharged with heat pulse... reusability through kinetic traps isn't limited to heat, but for any energy source where can break weak bonds between molecules letting them fall back into their traps, such as light, salt, acid gradients... long term neural network and logic circuit tasks like those of living systems... smart medicines, cargo sorting, self-hydrating contact lenses, self-repairing strain cracks, molecular computers"

https://www.oist.jp/news-center/news/2025/9/25/shining-light-dark-valleytronics "2 types: momentum-dark/ spin-dark, mismatch prevents immediate recombination: enables more useful timescale/ making more isolated from environmental interactions... use either left- or right-circularly polarized light to selectively populate bright exciton in specific valley, then rapidly turning into numerous dark excitons potentially preserving valley information... classical/ quantum information technologies"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100720 "1D electron quantum state avoids thermalization, enabling Carnot/ Curzon-Ahlborn efficiency limits to be exceeded... when heat introduced, system holds onto non-thermal, high-energy state rather than spreading energy out evenly... injected waste heat from quantum point contact transistor into Tomonaga- Luttinger liquid, non-thermal heat transported several µm to quantum-dot heat engine, producing higher conversion efficiency... more sustainable/ efficient low-power: electronics, quantum computers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100721 "exhibits direct bandgap/ emits light from orange to blue at room temperature, composition can be chemically tuned to switch between n-type/ p-type conduction over 9 orders magnitude... undoped produces strong orange emission, magnesium in place of zinc shifts to green or blue depending on amount of substitution... switches to n-type (by introducing small amount titanium at Sc3+ site) or p-type (by slightly reducing zinc content) conduction... pn homojunction devices” Related: A trick of light: UC Irvine researchers turn silicon into direct bandgap semiconductor https://news.uci.edu/2024/10/31/a-trick-of-light-uc-irvine-researchers-turn-silicon-into-direct-bandgap-semiconductor/

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-ultra-thin-sodium-alternative-gold.html "overcomes sodium instability in presence of air/ moisture... combines thermally- assisted spin coating with phase-shift photolithography, using heat/ light to craft nanoscopic surface patterns trapping/ guiding light... sodium's electrons responded in ways that differ from traditional metals, suggesting it could offer new advantages for light-based technologies like photocatalysis, sensing, energy conversion, solar panels, medical devices,"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100622 "longer lasting quantum data enabling reliability, scalability to several hundred to several thousand qubits... no need for thousands of unstable physical qubits to create 1 logical qubit, pushing total into millions relying solely on complex error-correction software... test platforms: superconducting circuits, Rydberg atoms... may also eventually be licensed to hardware developers or adapted for use in sectors like finance, energy and pharmaceuticals"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100465 "replaces sulfur with oxygen in dielectric poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) insulation... offers best balance of 2 key traits: (1) low dielectric constant, improved with higher polarizability/ smaller dipole moment of carbon–sulfur compared to carbon–oxygen bond, (2) low almost constant dissipation factor across wide frequency range, lowest among all polymers at 80 GHz, due to: increased intermolecular interactions reducing molecular mobility, higher molecular rotation resistance, strong thermal stability"

https://renewableaffairs.com/news/the-future-of-solar-two-tiny-technologies-that-could-redefine-clean-energy/ "replaces silicon inverters which work more slowly/ create more heat... used with gallium nitride making electricity flow faster and with less waste, which helps inverters run smaller, cooler, more reliably... Enphase microinverter works with each solar panel separately, so if 1 panel shaded/ not working well, others still perform normally... remote monitoring shuts down system quickly upon detecting fault, lowering maintenance costs... also: sunlight absorbing glass sending to hidden solar cells at edges of windows"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100517 "mimics how room temperature photosynthesis depends on rapid/ efficient energy transfer following absorption... starting in delocalized quantum state provides system with more pathways, coherence allows quicker transfer even in presence of environmental noise, demonstrated across parameters: environmental coupling strength, interaction range between sites, disorder within system... molecule regions: donor where energy absorbed, acceptor where energy eventually arrives... extends to more complex molecular systems"

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-parallel-atom-photon-entanglement-paves.html "ytterbium atom/ 1,389 nm telecom-band single photon entanglement enabling long-distance signal communication without the need for conversion from visible/ near-UV to telecom-band... preserves coherence among certain qubits while others used for communication tasks... future: photon intermediation instead of direct atom-photon entanglement, larger project with optical cavity to improve photon collection efficiency... interconnecting/ synchronizing world's atomic clocks, modular quantum computation"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100520 "spin-radical organic semiconductor molecule P3TTM has single unpaired electron at its center... unpaired electrons on neighboring molecules encourages alignment alternately up/ down... absorbed photon moves an electron downhill from 1 molecule to identical nearest molecule, creating positive/ negative charges extracted as photocurrent... energy for this (Hubbard U) is electrostatic charging energy for double electron occupancy of molecule that has become negatively charged"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100304 "overcomes power monitors' tradeoff: drain off too much optical signal/ lack sensitivity to operate at low power levels required without additional amplifiers... converts small portion of waveguide's light into electrical signal that can be measured, introducing controlled defects into photodiode’s silicon structure by ion bombardment... defects absorb photons with energies too low for pure silicon, enabling light detection across broader wavelengths range... biosensing platforms, integration with microfluidics for lab-on-chip"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-3d-stronger-economical-ai.html "stronger, less expensive... material-to-structure design/ fabrication of mechanically robust digital light processing -based 3D printing using light to solidify a liquid resin that absorbs shock/ vibration while allowing rubber/ plastic -type properties... machine learning assigns optimal strength to each part of the structure... single material and single process... medical implants, machine parts, aerospace, robotics"

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250929055000.htm "momentary charge carriers activated only during light interaction... isolated effect of virtual vertical transitions between material's electronic bands, changing perspective on how light interacts with solids, even in extreme conditions hitherto attributed only to the movement of actual charges... virtual carrier excitation indispensable to predicting rapid optical response in solids... ultra-fast optical and electronic switches and modulators"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100089 "extracts objects/ figures from backgrounds, preserving complex elements (fur, hair, foliage, shadows, reflections, smoke, rippling water)... enables content recycling, leveraging image-completion enhanced with modules tracking changes across time/ space maintaining reconstructed background consistency through built-in self-attention mechanism linking regions across/ within video frames... existing video-generation models detect object-created effects, remove/ extract/ reinsert them into other videos in real time"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-electrically-tunable-metasurface-real-thz.html "microladder metasurface (handrails of gold wire/ steps of small vanadium dioxide gaps) overcomes THz limitations minimizing: energy consumption (low 68°C)/ reversible insulator-to-metal <3 second response time... external current/ resistive heating induced quick transition... combination dynamic pixels (with VO2)/ static pixels (without VO2) holographically encodes characters into metasurface... THz focal-plane imaging for reading THz images at high speed... holography, encryption, medical imaging"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-encoder-diffusion-enables-efficient-generative.html "mathematically complex/ expensive to train, overcome modifying Schrödinger bridge-type diffusion adding noise to real data through encoder/ reconstructed samples using variational autoencoders with infinite number of latent variables... prior loss/ drift matching objective functions reduce computational cost/ prevent overfitting... connects any 2 probability distributions over finite time using stochastic differential equation supporting more complex noising processes/ higher-quality sample generation"

https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adom.202501521?af=R "enables broad-spectrum photodetectors/ high-efficiency LEDs through superior carrier injection/ light emission... facilitates sub-bandgap photon absorption/emission for enhanced solar spectrum utilization/ manipulation... high-efficiency PV, broadband photodetection, wavelength-tunable LEDs... IB formation/ multi-exciton generation mechanism defects suppressed, overcoming existing bottlenecks in practical device implementation"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-compact-phononic-circuits-gigahertz-frequencies.html "compact, reconfigurable, based on waveguides, topological edge structures... GHz so compatible with existing infrastructure... light waves non-scattering... topological sound transport and a phononic Mach–Zehnder interferometer directly on a chip at gigahertz frequencies... communications acoustic filters, phonon-based  quantum processors, high-precision sensors, hybrid communication/ computer systems"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-scientists-electrically-driven-perovskite-laser.html "perovskite semiconductor with lasing threshold order magnitude lower... no need for external light sources... high-quality perovskite single crystals embedded within microstructures, improved microcavity perovskite LED component  radiant exitance, efficient optical coupling between cavity elements... splits electrical-to-optical conversion/ optical amplification functions: perovskite LED directional emission in 1st cavity absorbed by single crystal perovskite in 2nd... 82.7% better optical coupling efficiency"

https://www.ameslab.gov/news/new-quantum-echo-discovered-in-superconductors "echo appears during superconducting phase transition... collective vibrations exist for very short time/ have complex interactions with quasiparticles, electron-like excitations emerging from superconductivity breakdown, signals enabling remembering/ revealing of hidden quantum pathways within material... THz pulsed echoesencode stores/ retrieves quantum information embedded within superconducting material... quantum coherence observation/ control for quantum information storage/ processing"

https://samueli.ucla.edu/ucla-breakthrough-extends-fuel-cell-lifespan-beyond-200000-hours-paving-the-way-for-clean-long-haul-trucking/ "polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell... 1.08W/ square cm power output, same performance as conventional batteries weighing up to 8X more... diminished catalytic performance: alloying elements leach out over time, voltage cycles required to power heavy-duty vehicles are demanding... overcome nesting graphene-encased nanoparticles inside porous Ketjenblack carbon powder... <1.1% power loss after 90K square-wave voltage cycles"

https://www.neimagazine.com/news/first-light-unveils-novel-approach-to-fusion/?cf-view "decouples fuel compression and ignition using low-energy inputs... potential to cut inertial fusion power plant costs 20X using existing/ proven technologies: lower capital costs with lower complexity/ core components, energy delivery system costing 1/10th capital cost, lower pulse rate enabled by high gain lowering operating costs... since pulsed system adjusts its output, it can also provide flexible, low-cost electricity to support modern grids which utilize high level of intermittent renewables... mid-2030s"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099904 "powerful, structured strong-field THz from magnetized plasma, with topologically programmable polarization textures, including ellipticity/ spatial orientation—tuning methods: adjusting angle between magnetic field/ laser propagation, optimization of laser spot size, varying plasma density tuning frequency while maintaining topological properties... tens to about 150 MV/cm THz field strength... ultrafast quantum control, multidimensional nonlinear spectroscopy, advanced material manipulation"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099952 "aids in monitor plant health in real time... zero-waste, low-environmental-impact solution for agriculture, especially in drought/ pollution environment... porous polymer network retains water/ nutrients... produced hydrogels from carrageenan biopolymers extracted from red algae, enriched with whole-algae biostimulant extracts... more vigorous plant growth process compared to using traditional hydroponic substrates” Related: Could a fungus provide a blueprint for next-gen hydrogels? https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100471

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099575 "clusters of golden dots on top of chip... faster, smaller memory chips... ferromagnet/ antiferromagnet integrated into single 2D crystal structure... tilt allows electrons switch direction rapidly/ easily without external magnetic field... magnetic alloy made from both magnetic and non-magnetic elements (cobalt, iron, germanium, tellurium)... 2D films bound in layers by van der Waals forces... no problematic seams at the interfaces which compromised reliability and complicated device production"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097964 "AI single chip on-sensor vision acts like optical synapse... sense, store, process information retina-like... single 0.5 V, 5 ms optical pulse consumes only 187 pJ, conductance updates show 99.6 % linearity eliminating redundant weight tuning/ cutting system power... interface traps photo-carriers, dynamically lowering barrier/ enabling multi-level linear conductance modulation, 2-terminal cross-point structure, wide-band response allows outdoor/ night-time operation without filters... autonomous night driving"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-ultrafast-magnetization-boundary-previous-optical.html "9.4 nm thin gadolinium-cobalt film between platinum/ copper layers on top, tantalum layer below... after 27 fs duration IR pulse, magnetization boundary propagates deep into stack heating it up... only surface-near GdCo layer initially excited strongly enough to overcome switching threshold, but switching succeeds as rest of film follows due to propagating boundary... by choosing different surrounding layers and/ or altering film thickness/ composition, can control where boundary nucleates and how fast it travels"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099840 "unlike OLEDs, micro-LEDs use inorganic materials, which makes them more robust and longer lasting... tiny lights made smaller are dimmer, an especially difficult problem for red light, most important color for making a full-color screen... need for clear/ bright images, compact/ transparent/ flexible/ stretchable displays/ glasses... brightening methods: lasers firing or special liquid guiding micro-LEDs into place, microscopic assembly lines placing/ connecting them faster/ more accurately... VR, AR, smartphones"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-microcomb-chip-raman-broad-spectrum.html ">300 nm spectral width, >1,400 comb lines at 26.03 GHz repetition rate... multiple sets of electro-optic/ Kerr/ Raman combs generated, further broadened by 4-wave mixing... comb lines originating from Raman laser self-adaptively phase-locked to comb lines from primary pump light, ensuring high coherence without intervention... 550 kHz (8 MHz through thermal tuning) self-locking tuning range... high-resolution spectroscopy/ measurement, optical communications, quantum information processing"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-doping-triggers-tunable-density-2d.html "extends charge density wave phenomenon from metals to doped semiconductors... cleanly and reversibly tuned via surface charge transfer doping, without introducing foreign impurities... removing electrons (hole doping) turns the pattern off while adding electrons (electron doping) makes the pattern stronger and more regular, forming a neat, repeating 3√3-by-3√3 pattern... since semiconductor is an antiferromagnet, its electronic correlated phases can be extrinsically manipulated using magnetism"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099502 "silicon can pack millions of qubits onto single chip, working seamlessly with microchip fabrication... clears the way for the development of a fully fault-tolerant, functional quantum computer that is more cost effective than any other qubit platform” Related: Routing photonic entanglement toward a quantum internet https://phys.org/news/2025-09-routing-photonic-entanglement-quantum-internet.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-molecular-rivets-porous-materials-collapsing.html "mesoporous keto-enamine-linked COFs show enhanced framework physical stability due to intralayer hydrogen bonds... COFs adsorb/ release water vapor, capillary forces exerted within shift layers, collapse channels, transform frameworks into amorphous polymers...trade-off: smaller pores more stable, hold less water/ larger pores stored more water, collapse under capillary forces... overcome using keto-enamine linkages creating intralayer hydrogen bonds holding layers rigidly together, preventing interlayer slipping" Related: How atmospheric water harvesting can be scaled https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-atmospheric-harvesting-scaled.html Uncovering diverse water adsorption characteristics in metal–organic frameworks https://phys.org/news/2025-10-uncovering-diverse-adsorption-characteristics-metalorganic.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-magnetic-transistor-energy-efficient-electronics.html "replacement made in transistor's surface layer, reducing material's defects/ boosting performance... spintronic device smoothly: changes magnetic state using external magnetic field requiring less energy/ controls magnetic states with electric current since cannot apply magnetic fields to individual transistors... tape picks up nm-scale material/ places on substrate, no solvents/ glue so no contamination, enabling switching/ amplifying current 10X... built-in memory"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099389 "modulation acceptor doping adjusts semiconductor by remote coupling... improves conductivity enabling better quantum chip control/ readability... achieved by doping insulating oxide layer instead of crystal itself... >4,000X higher conductivity, improved switch-on behavior... conventional transistors fail to achieve faster switching/ lower power consumption when in close proximity to ultra-cold quantum components, but oxide layer doping method remains effective"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-miniaturized-ion-3d-quantum-hardware.html "calcium ions cooled to ground state, higher temperature (laser cooling) than other approaches (cryogenic)... ultrahigh-resolution, 2-photon polymerization 3D printing of traps enabling: confinement at high frequencies/ many ion traps on same chip... performs single- and 2-qubit (98% fidelity) operations... competitive error rates/ coherence, much higher frequencies stabilizes/ improves coherence... also: sensing, ultra-precise atomic clocks, compact/ low-power mass spectrometers, high-resolution 3D printing"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099220 "hydrogels exhibit strong swelling/ uncontrollable degradation restricting applications' long-term performance, overcome using nanocolloidal hydrogel... nanoparticles self-assemble into hydrophobic nanodomains preventing water uptake... UV-triggered polymerization photocrosslinked network interconnects nanoparticles while preserving internal hydrophobic phases, yielding transparent, mechanically tunable gels... long-term drug delivery, soft-tissue augmentation, implantables, wound healing, wearables"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-qubit-neutral-atom-array-reloads.html "typically arrange neutral atoms like rubidium using optical tweezers, held under vacuum, used as qubits, but results in some atoms lost from entangling operation errors, state-readout, finite trap lifetime, necessitating performance limiting pulsed operation... overcome using dual optical lattice conveyor belt–like system transporting cold atoms into optical tweezers at 300K/ sec. reloading rate, then 30K qubits/ sec. continuously replenishing 3K-atom array... future: 5X faster, scalable to 10s of thousands atomic qubits" Related: Caltech team sets record with 6,100-qubit array https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099629

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097964 "single chip senses, stores, processes... single 0.5 V, 5 ms optical pulse consumes 187 pJ... 99.6 % linearity in learning eliminates redundant weight tuning/ reduces system power... optical retina/ synapse -like functions: paired-pulse facilitation, long-term plasticity/ learning reproduced under visible light... facial recognition, autonomous night driving... integrates sense-memory-compute pixels into bionic eyes/ smart cameras/ neuromorphic edge devices... future: new oxide stacks for even lower energy/ higher speed"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098970 "scar shapes are controllable in such a way as to enhance electron transport in open quantum dots connected to electrodes, acting as transistor-type nanoscale switches... imperfections can be transformed into functionality, improving electron flow... opens the door to developing components for small and energy-efficient microchips with nanoscale components"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098974 "doubly-resonant plasmonic nanocavity... 2D semiconductor dichalcogenides monolayers exhibit reduced dielectric screening/ enhanced Coulomb interactions... plasmonic nanocavity patch antenna collects 59.1% of emitted light, 1.6X better... strong field enhancement in both in-plane/ out-of-plane components... cost-effective single-resonance-enhanced 2nd harmonic generation thermally tuned dual-resonance upconversion... high-performance nonlinear photonic devices"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-potential-bioelectronic-interfaces-conform-complex.html "thin-film electronics wrapped onto biological tissues enabling signal acquisition/ regulation... no external pressure applied... droplets pick up/ transfer ultrathin films forming temporary lubricating layer between film/ substrate dynamically releasing stress through localized sliding, preventing device rupture... high positional accuracy controlling 3-phase contact line dynamics... wearable/ flexible bioelectronics, neurorehabilitation, brain-machine interfaces, flexible displays, micro-/nano-manufacturing"

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250919085242.htm "Controlled Hierarchically Engineered Superlattice Structures: easily manufacturable solid-state heat-pump...  scalable semiconductor chip fabrication compatibility, no toxic refrigerants... uses 0.003 cubic cm materials... metal-organic chemical vapor deposition fabrication... small-scale refrigeration, large-scale HVAC, space exploration, computers, body heat differences for tactile systems/ prosthetics/ human-machine interfaces"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-tiny-manganese-tweak-results-material.html "adding manganese to silver copper telluride made it the most efficient material of its kind... >13% conversion efficiency... stable, simple to produce, doesn't rely on toxic elements"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-clever-device-drastically-vibration-rotating.html "drastically reduces vibration from flow-induced Kármán vortices caused by rotating parts... patented device produced with 3D printer... prevents damage to turbines, bridges... researchers glued the plastic-resin device that had been 3D-printed onto the trailing edge of a steel blade and ran experiments in a small-scale tunnel... there was zero vortex formation, and therefore no vortex-induced vibration... doesn't alter the blade's performance... boat propellers, turbines, hydraulic pumps" Related: 3D-printed metamaterials harness complex geometry to dampen mechanical vibrations https://phys.org/news/2025-10-3d-metamaterials-harness-complex-geometry.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-boron-metal-complexes-olefins-toxicity.html "metal-mimetic" properties of main group elements such as boron, which form so-called π complexes with olefins, which are similar in their properties and behavior to the complexes of transition metals with olefins... these compounds are intermediates in many large-scale catalytic processes in industry... opens up a whole new area of the periodic table for π coordination chemistry, including the possibility of using main group elements as industrial catalysts for functionalization reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098837 "3D from differently angled 2D images... neural network predicts color/ density at any point in 3D space, casting imaginary light rays from camera through each pixel in all input images, sampling points along rays with 3D coordinates/ viewing direction... uses motion decomposition, avoiding mask supervision... Base Ray Initialization roughly reconstructs dynamic 3D scenes/ Motion Decomposition-based Deblurring predicts latent sharp rays incrementally decomposes into global motion/ local object motion components"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098445 "fast operation vs. noise shielding tradeoff solved... atomic nucleus spin is the cleanest, most isolated quantum object... same isolation making atomic nuclei so clean makes it hard to connect them together in large-scale quantum processor... distance between nuclei 20 nm, scale of silicon computer chips... removes need for the atomic nuclei to be attached to the same electron, enabling robustness/ scalability... electrons easy to move around into shape, so interactions can be switched on and off quickly and precisely"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098438 "nickel-iron alloy ferromagnets sandwiching graphene thin insulating layer... such as ... how produced affects how metal/ insulator align on atomic scale, affecting insulator’s carbon atoms interaction with metal atoms’ electrons, influencing spintronic magnetic properties at interface... ferromagnet surface different when insulator transferred to it (more nickel on surface so doesn't hybridize) compared to grown ferromagnetic crystal on insulator flake (features iron layer so hybridizes)... data storage/ processing, sensors"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098823 "room temperature chip-based single photon emission of quantum information... much of this light is lost in all directions, making it hard to capture and use... embedding nanodiamonds containing nitrogen-vacancy center defects into center of hybrid nanoantennas of metal/ dielectric layers in bullseye pattern instead of letting it scatter... quantum computers, secure quantum communication, ultra-sensitive sensors"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-device-amplifies-shielding-qubits-unwanted.html "qubits measured by resonator, readout uses weak electromagnetic wave then amplified... no bulky/ magnetic components controlling signal detection/ protecting qubits from backaction noise... lumped-element capacitors/ Josephson junction inductors artificial nonlinear transmission line with parametric modulation amplifying forward signals/ backward traveling signals converted to different frequency, preventing from reaching qubits... comparable with superconducting qubits, together with amplifier integrated on-chip"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-material-chip-based-approach-enables.html "University of Twente, IBM Research Europe, Toyota Motor Europe... processes sound smoothly/ dynamically as good or better than best software models... chips based on standard silicon, work at room temperature... combines a convolutional neural network with IBM chip for in materia speech recognition, hearing aids using almost no energy, voice assistants not sending data to cloud, cars with direct speech control, accelerated AI, time-dependent signals: video, images, continuous data streams from sensors"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-nanoscale-optical-device-enables-independent.html "generates entangled photon sources/ other quantum optical systems... device's surface combines quantum wells/ metal nanocavities arranged in pairs with opposite phases... nearly 100% shear horizontal signal intensity modulation depth, full-range phase tunability... lighter, more compact: real-time wavefront shaping, high-speed data encoding, contactless optical switching, entangled photon sources, quantum interference control"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-proximity-screening-graphene-electronic-quality.html "despite theoretical superiority/ unique Dirac electrons, graphene underperforms gallium arsenide semiconductor heterostructure in high-quality 2D electron systems... disorder from bumpy electron-hole landscape disrupting electron flow, overcome placing flat graphite crystal close to graphene layer, separated by 3 to 4 hexagonal boron nitride atomic layers, graphite acting as gate generating opposite charge canceling out disturbance... less magnetism... quantum computing, high-frequency electronics, precision metrology"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098537 "tungsten layer sandwiched between 2 tellurium layers... super-fast laser creates THz pulses focused onto laser's tip strengthening pulse strength, wiggling top layer of tellurium atoms directly beneath tip gently nudging that layer 7 pm out of alignment from remaining layers, reverting back to normal when laser off... wiggling only occurs on the topmost layer... acts as nanoscale switch to temporarily change electrical properties of WTe2 to upscale the next generation of electronic devices"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-salty-ice-power-source-future.html "streaming flexoelectricity: electricity generation by bending material... salt prevents ice from freezing completely, creates tiny channels filled with salty water, pressure from bending forces liquid flow through channels, electric charge in moving water creates streaming current... ice covers around 10% of Earth's surface so may also be relevant to electrical activity of ice-covered terrestrial regions and distant icy ocean worlds... drawbacks: up to 80% less power after numerous bends, more waste heat than piezoelectrics"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098215 "ferroelectric crystal/ metasurface potential to manipulate light's nonlinear phase faces challenges: complex/ energy-intensive fabrication, static optical systems with fixed properties once constructed... overcome using ion-doped ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals devices with large-area, defect-free polarization patterns, ensuring robust/ reproducible optics... reconfigurable nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry optics with patterned ferroelectric nematics... thin-film polar inductor/ capacitor with spatially modulated x-y plane alignment"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-tailored-pulsed-power-modulator-bias.html "applies voltage pulling ions within plasma making them collide with semiconductor wafer, enabling etching, removing contaminants, deposition... stores energy at low power over long period, discharging instantaneously at high power controlling etching's depth/ narrowness... bias supplying pulses stably controlled within 2.5 µs duration, discharged at 400 kHz frequency... soft switching reduces power loss >78%... smaller power supplies, higher power density, longer lifespan... addresses heat generation"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-advancing-semiconductor-thermoelectrics-thickness-doping.html "n-type Bi2Te3 thin film dopant/ texture manipulations in physical vapor deposition/ nanobinders in screen-printed processes surpassing 20 μW cm−1 K−2 power factor at room temperature face challenges... VTE@MS-BTS synergistically modulates the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, mechanical flexibility... 30.0 μW cm−1 K−2 power factor at room temperature, enhanced bendability... high performance power generation/ cooling... scalable/ flexible inorganic semiconductors" Related: ATS Energy: waste heat below-grid-price electricity with no moving parts, emissions, noise https://ats.energy/

https://physics.aps.org/articles/v18/151 "laser pulse generates wave-like surface linearly/ circularly polarized photons in thin semiconductor, passes through 2 antenna arrays redirecting as light... 30-nm-thick silicon dioxide wafer resting on 150-nm-thick silver mirror base... quantum emitter: nm-scale diamond containing some nitrogen atoms paired with carbon vacancies, polariton waves spread out from diamond, passing through many 35-nm-thick silver strips, 200 nm apart, as controllable antennae... future: electrically driven rather than laser emitter so more marketable"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097405 "integrating nanocavity MoS2-BN-graphene-BN-MoS2 heterostructure onto fiber end facet exhibits significantly enhanced saturable absorption properties, reducing pulse splitting possibility under different polarization states in fiber ring cavity, achieving single-pulse generation in 85% of configurations compared to 20% for bare graphene-saturable absorber... compact, robust, eliminates need for polarization controller...  65% reduced saturation intensity which is beneficial for self-starting "

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250913232933.htm "trace amounts of magnetic spiral chiral molecular nanohelices (cinchonine or cinchonidine) adsorbed onto metal nanoparticles' surface during metal ion electrochemical reduction achieves spin polarization exceeding ~80%, rare in inorganic systems... when exhibit right-handedness, preferentially allow 1 direction of spin to pass, while opposite spin cannot... chiral spintronics platform, chiral magnetic nanostructure architecture... controls handedness/ number of strands (double, multiple helices)... scalable, energy-efficient spintronics"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1095496 "scalar holograms with uniform polarization limits amount of encoded information, overcome with vectorial holograms encoding both intensity/ polarization using less-bulky ultrathin metasurfaces... combines GS algorithm with wave-decomposition calculating scattering properties required for each meta-atom... precise control over reflection phases/ polarization states... high metasurface efficiency (nearly 68%), polarization-independent vectorial holography: imaging, data storage, encryption"