Microlenses in cavity focus light onto single atoms for efficient collection of photons, which carry quantum information stored in qubits
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1114314 "extracting data from individual atoms slow/ inefficient since atoms emit photons in all directions... overcome using scalable optical cavities enabling parallel extraction for all qubits at once... results in fewer light bounces, but far more effective capturing data from nearly translucent atoms... faster data rates, large-scale distributed networks, high-fidelity readout... guides emitted light toward particular direction... scaling quantum computing to millions of qubits"