Solid oxide fuel cell continuous thickness-gradient electrolyte: localized thermal stress mitigation/ up to 76% less current density deviation
"planar solid oxide fuel cells localized overheating/ thermal stress caused by uneven fuel concentration/ current density distributions across cell... overcome applying YSZ electrolyte: thicker at fuel-rich inlet suppressing excessive current/ thinner at fuel-depleted outlet boosting reaction rates... scalable wet-spraying fabrication on industrial-sized 10×10 cm cells... up to 10% increased electrical efficiency... long-term durability, significantly reduced voltage loss... high-efficiency fuel cells/ electrolysis stacks"
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