Polymer film nano surface defects promote rapid droplet condensation/ detachment, boosting condensation heat transfer up to 5.5X

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1140937

"deposit ultrathin polymer film onto surfaces using initiated chemical vapor deposition, forming dense nanostructured aggregates (defects) acting as nucleation seed sites, increasing water droplet formation approximately 3X... then, post-deposition thermal treatment reduces surface adhesion, allowing shedding droplets before growing too large... with copper tubes heat transfers 5.5X better than with conventional surfaces... efficient power plants, industrial desalination plants, high-density electronics cooling"