Monolithically integrating/ miniaturizing a high-power, ultrafast mode-locked laser system onto a single integrated semiconductor chip

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1130520

"Mamyshev oscillator nonlinear waveguide nestled between 2 optical filters, allowing 42-cm-long laser cavity folding into tiny space, delivering 1.05 nJ pulse energy while resisting optical instabilities... erbium-doped silicon nitride chips mass-manufactured at wafer scale... on-chip optical computing, advanced lidar systems, high-speed telecommunications, precision micromachining, atomic clocks, environmental sensing, medical diagnostics/ eye surgeries"