Highly resilient and functional 3D-printable hydrogel fabrication using 2 distinct chemical networks self-assembling in stages

https://phys.org/news/2026-04-dual-network-chapter-3d-printable.html

"either: easy to print/ structurally weak, or strong/ difficult to print through nozzle... overcome: 1st network provides necessary flow (viscosity) for high-precision 3D printing, while 2nd strengthens structure immediately after printing... high stretchability, toughness, self-healing, unlike often brittle standard hydrogels... can print intricate, high-resolution structures maintaining shape without collapsing under own weight... bio-printing, flexible electronics, wearable sensors, soft robotics, drug delivery"