Fine-tuning organic molecules' electronics/ optics by swapping out single atoms within a molecular framework

https://phys.org/news/2026-04-atom-substitution-successfully-tunes-molecular.html

"swapping atoms of similar size/ different electronic character using advanced catalytic cycles... replaced specific carbon atom in π-conjugated system with nitrogen heteroatom, shifting energy difference determining color/ conductivity without changing molecule's shape/ size... alters light absorption/ electron transport, effectively on/ off electrical current switch... tine fluorescence across visible spectrum by changing substituted atom's position... OLEDs, molecular electronics, drug discovery"