Creating atomic-scale vacancies/ defects by controlling where specific molecules attach in 2D graphene or molybdenum disulfide

https://phys.org/news/2026-01-molecule-deposition-2d-materials-defect.html

"chemically modifies inert surfaces without destroying unique electrical properties... defects act as anchors... applications: The ability to "decorate" 2D sheets with specific molecules opens doors for highly sensitive chemical sensors, more efficient catalysts, and molecular-scale transistors. In short, the study transforms "defects" into a tool for the bottom-up assembly of hybrid materials, providing a roadmap for more sophisticated and scalable 2D device manufacturing... electronics, sensors"