Optimized, non-circular nanotubes amplify EM field concentration by >30X, proving shape is as important as composition for boosting EM

https://phys.org/news/2025-12-optimized-nanotube-amplify-electromagnetic-field.html

"identified shape using: isoieometrics–based boundary element method modeling complex EM fields around tube boundaries, hybrid optimization combining global/ local search algorithms, parametric modeling ensuring shapes manufacturable... stable even if incoming waves' angle changes... scalable: appliable to large nanotube arrays, not just single pairs... nanophotonics/ plasmonics, high-sensitivity sensors, EM gratings/ photonic metasurfaces (for cloaking/ flat lenses), advanced signal processing, wave-manipulation"