Quadrupole replaces ions' natural vibration with oscillating electrical potential, trapping them for hours for use as qubits in quantum computers

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-miniaturized-ion-3d-quantum-hardware.html

"calcium ions cooled to ground state, higher temperature (laser cooling) than other approaches (cryogenic)... ultrahigh-resolution, 2-photon polymerization 3D printing of traps enabling: confinement at high frequencies/ many ion traps on same chip... performs single- and 2-qubit (98% fidelity) operations... competitive error rates/ coherence, much higher frequencies stabilizes/ improves coherence... also: sensing, ultra-precise atomic clocks, compact/ low-power mass spectrometers, high-resolution 3D printing"