Monolayer-protected cluster's gold core surrounded by ligand molecules, a virtual super atom, enables scalable spin-based operations

https://science.psu.edu/news/Knappenberger7-2025

"tunable spin polarization approaching 40% competitive with some of leading 2D quantum materials... gold clusters mimic gaseous, trapped atomic ions allowing electron excitation to different energy levels (Rydberg states) enabling high degree of spin correlation/ polarization maintained for long time suppressing errors/ allowing for electron superposition needed for quantum operations... condensed solidified phase packs atoms together, losing dilute nature... scalable quantum computers, sensors"