Laser-Assisted Cold Spray: 3D printing supersonic powder stream laser heating depositing metals/ cermets to build, coat or repair parts

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-07-laser-cold-spray-generation-technology.html

"overcomes high-temperature/ material limitations of thermal spraying... high-precision, design flexibility, efficiency, enables multiple materials integration, reduced material waste/ energy consumption, uses both cold spray/ powder bed fusion... laser heating more practical than high-impact helium spray, reducing substrate yield stress/ stronger bond without melting... allows complex, digital designs... little control over powder deposition shape, an issue for coatings, not part-building... aerospace, process, energy, biomedical "