Integrating nanobubbles into thin-film coating fabrication boosts battery range, hydrogen production, and water filtration efficiency
"optimizes pore size distribution, enhancing dispersion/ functional surface area, stabilizing inks, improving layer uniformity... improves efficiency, power output, durability... PEM fuel cell cathode catalyst layer: up to 20% higher power output reduces size, weight, cost/ watt. Ultrafiltration membranes: up to 66% increased water permeability/ reduced energy consumption. PEM water electrolyzer (hydrogen) anode catalyst: 17% improved current density. Lithium-ion NMC cathodes: increased capacity retention/ faster charging"
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