Energy-efficient spintronic 2D half metal iron/ palladium alloy on a palladium crystal that conducts single-spin electrons, either spin-up or spin-down

https://phys.org/news/2025-07-scientists-successfully-metal-material-electrons.html

"overcomes operation only at ultra-low temperatures/ special property loss at surface... properties fine-tuned adjusting iron content, doesn't require perfect crystal structure... spin–orbit coupling does not hinder half-metallicity, instead, carefully balanced with magnetic exchange from iron atoms, spin–orbit coupling enables effect... effective up to room temperature... spin polarization runs opposite to that of magnetization... spin filters/ spin-orbit torque crucial for switching magnetic states in memory chips"