Ferroelectric RAM performs calculations within memory without requiring separate processor; energy efficient, especially for edge devices

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-04-ferroelectric-device-memory.html

"no multi-step energy-intensive processes/ latency... record data, transmit to memory then to microcontroller performing differential operations... ferroelectric capacitors as differentiators: inherent polarization when external electric field not applied/ reversed upon application of electric field, enabling storage in their polarization/ dipole alignment... capacitor remembers how much charge it holds until discharged, which translates to information storage as voltage levels across capacitor, functioning as RAM/  CPU"