Innovative technology enables rapid catalytic thin film manufacturing in one minute using oil droplets dispersed in water.

https://phys.org/news/2025-03-technology-enables-rapid-thin-minute.html

"nanomaterial precursors attached to surface of oil droplets float to water's surface, hydrogen peroxide added decomposing droplets, producing gas bubbles lifting precursors assembling them into thin film... enables thickness control, adjustable from 350 μm, and thin film synthesis covering up to 100 cm² area using various raw materials... films porous, mechanically strong/ flexible, have dense binding structure enabling easy transfer to substrates without damage... coating with platinum makes them catalytic, for flexible electrodes"