Researchers simulate novel metal-filtered oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser modal control

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-simulate-metal-filtered-vcsel-modal.html

"metal-dielectric film mode filter flexibly regulates transverse modes... decreased series resistances, higher output power operating in single mode... modal control performance influenced by number of P-Distributed Bragg Reflector pairs, metal-/ oxide- aperture sizes... transverse optical field strongly confined within metal aperture when low number of P-DBRs, but confinement weakened as number of P-DBRs increased... optical gain characterizes change in threshold gain of different transverse modes due to optical scattering"