Lithium-ion battery's first charge determines how many charging/ discharging cycles it can handle before deteriorating

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-08-battery.html

"factory first charge at unusually high currents depletes lithium 30% but prolongs battery’s life 50%, decreases initial charging time from 10 hours to 20 minutes... lost lithium forms layer on negative electrode protecting from side reactions that would accelerate lithium loss/ degrade the battery faster over time... also creates additional headspace in both electrodes, allowing electrodes to cycle in a more efficient way further improving performance/ lifespan"