Electrically modulated plasmonic resonators point the way to faster computer chips

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-electrically-modulated-antenna-faster-chips.html

"nm-scale antennas for light, where light/ electrons interact... electrically controlled modulation enabling ultra-fast active plasmonics... changed surface properties by electrically contacting single resonator nanorod (based on gold nanocrystals, helium ion beams)... electrons make soft, graduated quantum transition across boundary between metal and air... applications: antennas amplifying/ excluding individual quantum effects, high efficiency (smaller resonator) optical modulators, computers, energy conversion/ storage, catalysis"