Anti-freezing electrolytes for aqueous batteries that can operate in extremely cold environments

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-strategy-anti-electrolytes-batteries-extremely.html

"factors: lowest temperature at which liquid solution remains stable at given pressure, and temperature at which molecular mobility starts to occur and below which this mobility becomes frozen, prompting transition to rigid/ glassy state... multiple-solute systems via introducing assisted salts with high ionic-potential cations or cosolvents with high donor numbers... battery performances 80 Wh kg−1 and 5,000 cycles at 25 oC, and 12.5 Wh kg−1 at −85 oC"

Related:

Novel glass-forming liquid electrolyte shows glass transition across broad range
https://phys.org/news/2024-09-glass-liquid-electrolyte-transition-broad.html

Researchers develop game-changing new battery technology that functions in subzero temperatures: 'Exceptional result'
https://www.thecooldown.com/green-tech/korean-battery-scientists-skier-5-lithium-ion/

Materials with negative thermal expansion as electrodes for lithium-ion batteries
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/page/journal/15213773/homepage/press/202423press.html