A strategy to monitor spin-orbit torque switching and exchange bias over time

https://techxplore.com/news/2022-12-strategy-spin-orbit-torque-exchange-bias.html

"spin dynamics of spin-orbit torque (SOT)-based memory devices with time resolution much better than 100 ps... adopting time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr microscopy, combined with micromagnetic simulations... discovered multi-level switching process of magnetization and exchange bias in SOT devices on sub-nanosecond timescales... flexibly control the key processes underpinning the functioning of MRAM devices, ultimately improving their stability"