Hydrogen vs. electricity: recent research giving electricity the edge

"By using the term clean hydrogen for both renewable-based and natural gas-based hydrogen, the danger is that we could establish a hydrogen industry that actually leads to an increase in emissions... Wherever possible, including ground transportation and heating, we should replace fossil fuels with the direct use of renewable electricity"

Two Articles

“Serious threat” of fugitive emissions with hydrogen plan:
https://www.anu.edu.au/news/all-news/%E2%80%9Cserious-threat%E2%80%9D-of-fugitive-emissions-with-hydrogen-plan See also: We must rapidly decarbonise road transport – but hydrogen’s not the answer: https://theconversation.com/we-must-rapidly-decarbonise-road-transport-but-hydrogens-not-the-answer-166830 Report cited: ‘Clean’ hydrogen? – Comparing the emissions and costs of fossil fuel versus renewable electricity based hydrogen: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261921014215?via%3Dihub

Hydrogen for ground transportation and heating is a bad idea:
https://ethz.ch/en/news-and-events/eth-news/news/2021/11/hydrogen-for-ground-transportation-and-heating-is-a-bad-idea.html/ Reports cited: How green is blue hydrogen?: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ese3.956 Anxiety vs reality – Sufficiency of battery electric vehicle range in Switzerland and Finland: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920917310295?via%3Dihub The feasibility of heavy battery electric trucks: https://www.cell.com/joule/fulltext/S2542-4351(21)00130-6?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2542435121001306%3Fshowall%3Dtrue Circular economy strategies for electric vehicle batteries reduce reliance on raw materials: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-020-00607-0