Today's Tech News: Notable or Not?

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1065421 "precise multi-focus laser seamlessly aligns with designed groove profile, expediting production, further enhanced by subsequent chemical etching... scale 10's to 100's µm... corrects multi-focus laser position deviations from glass’s refractive index/ nonparaxial conditions... ameliorates multi-focus energy uniformity degradation... accommodates many groove geometries... structured glass-based optics, optoelectronics, fiber packaging trapezoidal groove arrays" Related: Building roots in glass, a bio-inspired approach to creating 3D microvascular networks using plants and fungi https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1065348

https://www.ul.ie/research/news/ul-researchers-develop-new-method-of-generating-eco-friendly-energy "Pb-FREE: low-cost, low-temperature, eco-friendly shaping/ gowing using silicon moulds... alternative to currently used ceramics/ growing biological crystals behaving in chaotic way... sensors in consumer electronics/ medical devices"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1065327 "combine the advantages of biological  ion signaling with computers' electron signaling... molecules attract/ concentrate ions into separate nanochannel creating tiny ion superhighway... slow ion movement also slows electrical current, overcome using straight nm-sized channel just for ions, attracted lining channel with hydrophilic electrolyte... conversely lined with hydrophobic, ions stayed away, forced through slower path... flipping creates electrical pulse... battery charging, biosensing, soft robotics, neuromorphic computing"

https://www.qut.edu.au/news?id=197730 "automated melt electrowriting in hours, not days... more consistent results... machine learning created closed-loop process control system... monitors fibre-flight pass, allowing real-time imaging for continuous analysis... feedforward neural network, optimization techniques, feedback loop ensuring consistently reproducible printed parts... biomedical (soft robotics, tissue engineering)"

https://scitechdaily.com/new-research-unlocks-the-secret-to-low-temperature-diamond-growth/ "with certain acetylene concentration, more hydrogen near surface enables more diamond to form, even at lower, soot suppressing temperature... some applications require nitrogen-vacancy centers: quantum diamonds, potentially qubits... plasma-surface interaction: more reliable/ less damaging adding single layer hydrogen atoms... 2 new methods: cold plasma termination, forming gas annealing... semiconductors, quantum computing, secure communications, optics, biomolecular sensing (temperature, magnetic fields)"

https://www.technion.ac.il/en/2024/11/technion-researchers-have-developed-a-new-chemical-process-triazenolysis/ "chemical process converting alkenes – common organic compounds such as petroleum – into multifunctional amines useful in various research and industrial applications. The Technion-developed process mimics ozonolysis, a long-established technology used to create molecules with carbon-oxygen bonds... triazenolysis instead produces carbon-nitrogen bonds relevant to a wide range of applications by cleaving carbon-carbon bonds in olefins"

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41565-024-01817-9 "2 × 4 germanium quantum dot array with full, controllable interactions between nearest-neighbour spins... 2-axis single-qubit control of each qubit, SWAP-style 2-qubit gates between all neighbouring qubit pairs, yielding 99.49(8)–99.84(1)% average single-qubit gate fidelities, 73(1)–90(1)% Bell state fidelities... circuit generates/ distributess entanglement across array... singlet–triplet qubits a competing, scalable, quantum computing platforrm... quantum information processing, quantum magnetism"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064840 "quantum dot next to nanostructure enables directional emission or circular polarisation... all mirror symmetries must be broken in structure emitting chiral waves... twisted bilayer metasurfaces of 2 layers periodically arranged discs with notches carved at specific angles generating electricity... disc notches cause asymmetry, allowing emitted waves' polarisation control of distance between layers, angle between notches, lateral shift of top/ bottom discs... biological/ chemical sensing, optic communications, quantum computing"

https://projects.research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/en/horizon-magazine/moving-graphene-lab-fab-how-2d-materials-could-transform-everyday-electronics "scale by automating existing processes... graphene protected by thin polymer layer, transferred to silicon base... graphene 200 or 300 mm across... plasma technology creation/ manipulation of matter with atomic-scale accuracy, 2D-EPL manufacturing process...  cheap and large-scale manufacture of advanced electronics and sensors, allowing the development of devices that haven’t even been invented yet... fast transistors, sharp sensors, energy-efficient data centers, fast internet, photonics, optoelectronics"

https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.10293 "induce long-lasting fully reversible electronic states using laser excitations... charge-density-wave material EuTe4... all-optical... modifies electrical resistance, 2nd harmonic generation intensity, resulting in layer-specific phase inversion dynamics by which photoexcitation mediates stacking polar order... extends scope of non-volatile all-optical control of electronic states to ambient conditions... distinct role of layer dependent phase manipulation in quasi-two-dimensional systems with inherent sublayer stacking orders"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064994 "doublet metasurface additional degrees of freedom for custom-tailoring angle-dependent image height relations, enabling distortion control, minimizing other monochromatic aberrations... compound fisheye metalens barrel distortion <2% instead of up to 22%... amorphous silicon nanopillars on glass substrate, polymethyl methacrylate coated... laser direct writing for field aperture stop, electron beam lithography for patterning the metasurfaces... beam steering, imaging, depth sensing, display projection" Related: Metalenses harness AI for superior performance https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1065066

https://theconversation.com/researchers-have-invented-a-new-system-of-logic-that-could-boost-critical-thinking-and-ai-242617 "abstract categories of objects do not define truth of facts about these categories... word meaning is its use in language, more about context/ function, inferential behaviour, laying groundwork for inferentialism... understanding given by relationship between language elements... proof-theoretic semantics: inferentialism made concrete, revolutionizing human/ machine reasoning/ discourse... overcomes  hallucination by having fit for purpose understanding of logical consequence... beyond true/ false, improving discernment"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1065024 "Mott insulators' poor conductivity determined by strong interactions among electrons moving non-linearity throughout lattice... small change of applied voltage induces dramatic electric property change/ release of some conducting electrons of about 1 per unit cell, many orders magnitude larger than what can be achieved in conventional semiconductors by doping... faster, more energy-efficient memories using topological defects switching between insulating/ conductive, neuromorphic devices, low-energy switches, AI"

https://spectrum.ieee.org/mechanical-qubit "harmonic mechanical resonators using small evenly spaced energy between vibrating states, coupled to anharmonic electromagnetic qubit... 200 ms prototype mechanical qubit coherence time 2X that of superconducting qubit... piezoelectric disk on sapphire slab mechanical resonator, connected to superconducting qubit on separate sapphire chip as anharmonic... mechanical quantum computers running long complex programs, quantum sensors"

https://www.iee.fraunhofer.de/en/presse-infothek/press-media/2024/fraunhofer-iee-and-partners-test-spherical-energy-storage-on-the.html "prototype: anchor hollow 9 (30 for production model)-M diameter 400-ton concrete sphere at 500 to 600-M depth, 0.5-MW power, 0.4 MWh capacity... 3D concrete printed... end of 2026 at latest... top opening into which pump turbine, will integrated in pipe... total global storage potential 817K GWh... 4.6 cent KWh storage cost, €1,354 investment cost per KW, €158 euros per KWh of capacity, concrete lifetime 50 to 60 yrs, turbines/ generators 20 yrs... short to medium-term scalable storage"

https://www.nacleanenergy.com/energy-storage/hammerspace-transforms-gpu-computing-infrastructure-as-first-to-unlock-a-new-tier-of-ultra-fast-shared-storage "delivers data directly to GPUs at local NVMe speeds, improving computing performance, storage efficiency, flexibility... no need for expensive external storage, reclaims data center space... reduce setup time... reducing power demands 95% compared with deploying external networking/ storage... spans silos, sites, clouds... operates within Linux kernel using standard protocols... checkpointing 10x faster than external storage, eliminates lag... 20% more output from existing investments, millions in recaptured value"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064416 "directed high-power laser through ruby crystal cube/ specific laser wavelengths creating shadow due to optical nonlinear absorption, influencing another optical field... green laser enters ruby with blue laser from side, changing material response to blue wavelength... green laser acts like object, increases optical absorption of the blue, creating matching region in illuminating light with lower optical intensity... optical switching, high-power lasers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064880 "efficient, based on Brillouin-Mandelstam scattering optical nonlinear effect... coupling at different energy scales, phonons moving at  much slower speed....can operate at temperatures in the tens of Kelvin. This is much higher than those required by standard approaches, which often employ expensive equipment such as dilution fridges... alternative to volatile photons, for quantum memory, quantum repeaters/ signal processing... possibility of implementing this concept in optical fibers or photonic integrated chips"

https://tokyouniversityofscience.medium.com/solving-complex-problems-faster-innovations-in-ising-machine-technology-1d8a6f8d9dbc "more scalable... halve required spin–spin interactions using matrix-folding... large-scale combinatorial optimization... smaller circuit footprint... half of interaction matrix redundant, can be omitted... divided matrix into 4 sections, halving each, alternatively preserving either top or bottom halves of each submatrix.  then folding/ rearranging remaining elements into rectangular shape... 384 spins on 8 FPGA chips... performance ratio 400X better... data center/ power grid efficiency, faster molecular simulations"

https://www.nanowerk.com/nanotechnology-news3/newsid=66019.php "electricity generated cooling more efficient, cost-effective, environmentally friendly... ceramic BaTi1-x-ySnxZryO3 created mixing different elements introducing size disorder in atoms/ changes in structure, reulting in 0.80 K temperature drop using electric field... maintains large cooling over wide temperature range"

  https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/258053/finetuning-exchange-membranes-better-energy-storage/ "longer lasting, lower cost, more energy-efficient... sustainable ,synthetic, conductive, selective polymer membranes, based on polymers of intrinsic microporosity with rigid, twisted backbones shot through with hour-glass shaped micropores... membrane swelling control opening pores/ reduce selectivity... adding hydrophobic pendant oxadiazole/ benzene rings to PIM polymer backbone tunes local hydrophobicity/ pore size/ ion transport... membrane swells a little, but pores still below 1 nm diameter... 2 months stable"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064403 "high speed, energy efficient, optimized for AI... ultrathin memristors based ultrawide-bandgap... sub-2-nm-thick memory... stack selected atomic layers... atomically tunable memristors acting as neurons and synapses on a neuromorphic circuit. By developing this circuit, we aim to enable neuromorphic computing. We want to mimic how our brain thinks, computes, makes decisions and recognizes patterns — essentially, everything the brain does with high speed and high energy efficiency"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064595 "overcomes quantum decoherence due to temperature fluctuations, electromagnetic noise... encoding quantum information non-locally, spread over larger distance, immune to local noise/ fluctuations... superconductors exposed to external energy cycling on/ off alters Majorana fermion behavior, transforming them into Floquet Majorana fermions... Josephson effect enables current between 2 superconductors without voltage... faster, more error-resistant quantum computer hardware"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064459 "exponentially amplify light... crystals uniform in space, exhibit periodic oscillation in time, creates momentum band gaps where light pauses inside crystal while intensity grows exponentially over time... when excited, particle emits tiny light at specific wavelength, captured/ amplified by crystal, enabling more efficient detection... array of tiny silicon spheres used to predict special conditions needed... high-efficiency light amplifiers, optical computing, imaging, faster and more compact lasers, nanosensors" Related: Ultra-high-Q photonic crystal nanobeam cavity for etchless lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1065364 New Paradigm of Quantum Information Technology Revealed Through Light-Matter Interaction https://www.asiaresearchnews.com/content/new-paradigm-quantum-information-technology-revealed-through-light-matter-interaction

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064375 "manipulating metallic nanoparticles interacting with electric field... quasicrystals in geometric shapes supporting vortex design halfway between order/ chaos... relationship between vortex symmetry/ rotationality... found where particles least interacted with electric field, examining electrical field for hotspots of high vibration, and non-vibration spots... send vortices carrying 8 to 16X more information in much smaller space, at once, down optic fiber cables unpacking at destination... encoded telecommunication"

https://www.cityu.edu.hk/media/news/2024/11/11/cityuhk-researchers-unveil-advanced-terahertz-neural-network "overcomes low-space transmission efficiency/ large spatial dimensions, limiting miniaturisation/ broader applications... compact, scalable, efficient, integrable, directly processes/ recognizes diffractive information with low power consumption/ light, speed... compact spoof surface plasmon metamaterial polariton diffraction and phase-shifting layers... intelligent communication, advanced computing, THz on-chip integration, handwriting recognition without relying on digital processing, multi-user distinction"

https://www.technion.ac.il/en/2024/11/multipurpose-memory/ "increased processor calculation speed/ memory storage capacity... software instructions supporting in-memory computations... convert Python commands into machine commands executed directly in memory... simulation tool for developing hardware/ measuring performance... short and simple code, resulting in significant performance improvements... bioinformatics, finance, information systems"

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-approach-tuning-current-2d-mof.html "molecular heterojunction rectifiers constructedy connecting porphyrinic 2D MOF nanosheets and oligophenylene thiols self-assembled monolayers within metal electrodes... rectification ratio >1.67 order magnitude... rectification variations come from adjustment of energy level alignment at OPT SAMs//2D MOF interface, leading to asymmetric charge transport with voltage polarities... universal/ flexible strategy for regulating electrical behavior without need for specific design and synthesis"

https://news.mit.edu/2024/portable-light-system-can-digitize-everyday-objects-1106 "PortaChrome can be attached to everyday objects like shirts and headphones... to make reprogrammable, object coated with photochromic dye, invisible ink tturned into different colors with light patterns... create/ relay patterns to item... UV lights saturate/ RGB LEDs desaturate dye, activating colors... can wear their heart rate chart on shirt after workout... textile base backbone, textile layer with UV lights and another with RGB, silicone diffusion layer on top... can be flexibly wrapped around objects... displays, screens"

https://interestingengineering.com/energy/plasma-fusion-record-by-quantum-kinetics “Quantum Kinetics Corporation’s patented modular reactor surpassed, by order magnitude, previous record KSTAR April 2024 105 million°C for 48 seconds… third party, peer-reviewed experiments with radioactive wastewater… thorium, lead, tungsten, boron, potassium, magnesium, gallium, silicon forming from process… cracked Uranium 234/235/238… can treat stored nuclear wastewater at legacy/ operational nuclear power plants... yields several forms of energy including 0.7KeV – 30KeV X-ray photons” Comment by Simon Derricutt via email: "Though it's talking about 24 hours, there's a concentration on talking about the first and second minute. Seems like the temperature is estimated from the photon energy of the X-rays produced, and in any case temperature isn't actually defined in this situation so it's pretty meaningless. What would be useful is the combined collision energy in eV. How far is

https://hwbusters.com/news/innovative-transistor-for-fuzzy-logic-hardware-could-boost-edge-computing/ "compact, faster, more efficient processing on local (non-cloud) devices... flexible reasoning rather than strict binary processing so less power-hungry, more adaptable... van der Waals materials layers held together by weak forces... molybdenum disulfide circuits need fewer resources... image segmentation, deep learning algorithms, robotics, autonomous vehicle, healthcare, IoT"

https://www.llnl.gov/article/52021/3d-printed-solutions-electronics-protection "electrostatic discharge protection, circuit board survives strike with a hammer... cellular foams with customizable pore architectures evenly distribute stress, amenable to silicone resins (low volatility, good elasticity, plasticity, viscosity, broad thermal stability) tuned to precise control... direct ink writing extrusion process... silicone resin formulation of conductive carbon nanotube concentrates, and rheological modifiers (thickeners) allowing tailored porosities at high resolutions... medical, soft robotics, wearables"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-11-application-viscous-electron-terahertz-photoconductivity.html "in doped metallic graphene Dirac electrons exposed to continuous-wave THz photoresistance is thermally decoupled from the lattice activating hydrodynamic electron transport... in this regime, the resistance of graphene constrictions experiences a decrease caused by the THz-driven superballistic flow of correlated electrons... superballistic devices as sensitive phonon-cooled bolometers offering ps-scale response time... ultra-fast THz sensors, electron thermometers"

https://www.hackster.io/news/perseus-looks-to-save-us-all-from-ai-energy-bloat-boosting-training-efficiency-through-slowdowns-22de138a8f3b "AI models are divided into tens of thousands processors to be trained... identifies which training tasks take longest to complete, slowing down processors handling shorter tasks so everything finishes roughly same time... allows lighter-loaded processors finish at leisurely pace, enabling overall power usage to be reduced up to 30 percent.... bigger data centers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064063 "high-performance at elevated temperatures... 2D transparent conducting oxide... eliminated defects in the material to increase its performance. Through detailed electron microscopy, we saw this material was clean with no obvious defects, revealing just how powerful oxide-based perovskites can be as semiconductors if defects are controlled... computers, smartphones, quantum computers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064174 "high-precision wiring patterning liquid metal colloidal particles of eutectic gallium-indium alloy... wiring patterns onto surfaces using particles moved by bubble flow... fs laser beam heat EGaIn particles, generating microbubbles guiding them into exact lines on flexible-glass surface... improve conductivity replacing resistive gallium oxide layer with conductive silver via galvanic replacement, enabling thin, conductive, flexible.... bendable, stretchable, highly conductive circuits, wearable sensors, medical implants"

https://www.electronicsforu.com/news/memristor-design-makes-computers-smarter   "overcomes small on/ off ratios that reduce accurate weight representation, increase noise, decrease prediction accuracy... analog switching, high on/ off ratios, using 2D van der Waals metallic cathodes (graphene or platinum ditelluride), silver top anode, indium phosphorus sulfide switch... high diffusion barrier enabling analog switching, up to 10^8 on/ off ratios, supports >8-bit conductance states, attojoule-level power, image recognition accuracies up to 91%... more storage/ neuromorphic computation power"

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10640369 "converters rely on passive filtering due to high-frequency characteristics, but susceptible to wear-out/ failure... generate sinusoidal ac voltage without relying on capacitors... filter composed of planar transformer and H-bridge converter operating at high frequency, injecting voltage harmonics attaining sinusoidal output voltage... total output voltage harmonic distortion below IEEE 519 standard... topology reduces the passive components used for filtering"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063878 "driving AI semiconductor performance... PECVD: plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition... TMDc: 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with silicon-like performance, low power operation, fast switching...   high potential for mass production, likely contributing to advancements in AI semiconductor performance and commercialization... low-power, high-performance semiconductors, neuromorphic systems (machine/ deep learning, MoS₂, WS₂, MoSe₂ -based cognitive computing"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063611 "thermoplastic base material polylactic acid produced from sugar cane or corn... copolymers formed during production facilitates mixing forming stable (stereo)-crystalline layers at interfaces... 50% blends polylactic acid/ polyvinylidene fluoride... 200–300 nm thick stereocomplex crystals layer at interfaces, increasing stability/ crystallisation temperature... nucleation at interface accelerates crystallisation... elongation at break increases up to 250 %... high-performance polymer blends"

https://interestingengineering.com/science/data-storage-phase-change-memory-advances "instead of energy intensive melt-quench process… amorphous phase: atoms randomly arranged… ferroelectric property allows it to polarize spontaneously, piezoelectric nature generates electric current as response to mechanical stress, rapidly deforming it… electric current causes tiny sections to begin amortizing, making unstable, deforming… as distorted regions collide, sound waves generate, resulting in more deformation/ amorphous areas, enabling low-power data storage”

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063844 "non-contact, full-field measurements... deep learning, color fringes, geometric constraints, frequency domain multiplexing in single-shot... digital micromirror high temporal resolution/ frequency-domain multiplexing breaks sensor frame rate limitations... order magnitude-higher 3D frame rate with low-speed cameras... multiplexed image high-fidelity decoupling into original... 9X faster frame rate... low cost/ power, reduced bandwidth/memory requirements...  industrial inspection, biomedicine, solid mechanics"

https://www.buffalo.edu/provost/messages.host.html/content/shared/university/news/news-center-releases/2024/11/flame-aerosol-nanoparticles-studies.detail.html "faster, cost effective, easy-to-use... control flame, nanoparticle size/ distribution, cost... MOFs with lower porosity but small grain size, short-range ordered structures, high thermal stability, 1-step creation... circumvents thermodynamic barriers allowing mixing 2 metal elements into single MOF... create high-entropy ceramic nanoparticles incorporating up to 22 elements... MOFs, inks, air filters, catalysis, sensing, energy storage"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063641 "μm/ nm -scale aluminum nitride mechanical resonators oscillate at much higher frequencies for long times without losing energy., sensing minuscule forces/ mass changes... tensile-stressed (1GPa) 295 nm silicon nitride with functional material on top, maintaining dissipation dilution boost mechanical factor >10 million... direct readout in sensing applications, also interfacing mechanical/ electric degrees of freedom for quantum information transduction... maintains single quantum coherent oscillation at room temperature"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063729 "rare earth trihydride lutetium in combination with hydrogen/ nitrogen... but now, replacing lutetium with yttrium/ scandium even better: -100°F, future: ambient pressure/ room temperatures... power grid, motors, magnetically levitated trains"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063701   "as devices shrink, managing heat becomes paramount... Matthiessen’s rule, validated in ultra-thin copper films, predict how different scattering processes influence electron flow... hermoreflectance measurement of copper's thermal conductivity cross-checked with electrical resistivity... less energy lost to heat...  CMOS technology... high-end gaming consoles, AI-driven data centers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063525   "overcoming Boltzmann tyranny: silicon semiconductor limits prevent transistors from operating below certain voltage, by leveraging quantum mechanics... 3D transistor using ultrathin semiconductors with vertical nanowires operating efficiently at low voltages... potential to replace silicon... semiconductors: gallium antimonide, indium arsenide, leveraging quantum tunneling transistors encouraging electrons to push through (not over) energy barrier... performs 20X better than similar tunneling transistors"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063615 "nanosecond-laser-irradiated cantilevered scanning near-field optical atomic force microscopy probe tip...  writing  nanostructures on Au nanofilm without  mask or vacuum... 83.6 nm minimum linewidth,  167.8 ± 6.6 nm repeatable linewidth on Au nano-film... elliptical heat distribution generated different linewidths when tip scanned vertically/ horizontally... Au nanofilm melting instead of oxidation... high-temperature underneath tip, providing nano energy source for high-resolution... nanolithography, nanowelding"

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/10/241003221524.htm "ligands attached to quantum dot surface must be replaced to utilize in solar cells, but crumples quantum dot surface, solved using short amphiphilic ligands securely holding quantum dots from both sides... efficiency increased to 15.3%, stability increased (maintaining 83% of performance for 15 days), lifetime inceased... easy to mass-produce" Related: Russia just broke all the world’s solar panels: Perovskite is the culprit https://www.riazor.org/news/russia-worlds-solar-panels-culprit/1334/ Enhanced efficiency of large-area perovskite solar cells helps accelerate commercialization efforts https://techxplore.com/news/2024-11-efficiency-large-area-perovskite-solar.html

https://thequantuminsider.com/2024/10/10/researchers-demonstrate-new-type-of-superconductivity/ "explained by topological gauge theory... under high magnetic fields superconductivity gets destroyed by proliferation of vortices but not by breaking superconducting Cooper pairs... dissipationless behavior upon the applied currents and electromagnetic fields... enhances quantum computing/ electronic device performance by minimizing energy losses... electric Coulomb field creation by moving novel vortices... normal core absence in novel kind of vortices enables movement without energy dissipation"

https://spinoff.nasa.gov/3D_Printed_Engines_Propel_Next_Industrial_Revolution "Reactive Additive Manufacturing: infusing aluminum alloys with particles of other materials to make amenable to additive manufacturing... aluminum alloy powder for large-scale printing... strong without requiring heat treatment, wear resistance, thermal conductivity, temperature tolerance, scratch-resistant... 3D printing allows for designs that are otherwise impossible... rocket engines, large satellite components, cars, lighting fixtures, computer chips" Related: 3D printing finds a new app https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmJdJIlPOr4&feature=youtu.be

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261716759_LTA-CAES_-_A_low-temperature_approach_to_Adiabatic_Compressed_Air_Energy_Storage "most thermal energy storage requires high temperatures/ high pressures... multistage radial compressors and expanders with single stages rotating with different speeds allowing for intermediate air flowcooling and reheating... roundtrip efficiencies 52–60%, slightly lower compared to those envisioned for high temperature A-CAES. However, it can be shown in an economic analysis that its fast start-up characteristics and wide-ranging part load ability overcompensates the lower cycle efficiencies with regard to plant profitability"

https://www.perovskite-info.com/highly-passivated-topcon-bottom-cells-show-significant-potential "high open-circuit voltages, excellent efficiencies... on industrial textured wafers via industry-compatible ambient-pressure thermal oxidation in situ plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition... optimizing oxidation, boron in-diffusion, aluminum oxide hydrogenation, for passivation quality... 715 mV implied VOC(iVOC)... integrating bottom cells with perovskite top cells achieves  1,9 VOC, 28.2% PCE... tandem devices... future: commercialization"

https://www.voxelmatters.com/new-dynamic-interface-printing-shows-promise-for-volumetric-bioprinting/ "resolution, speed, material compatibility, not requiring intricate support structures/ specialized chemical environments... constrained air-liquid interface/ modulated light... hollow print head, open at bottom/ capped with transparent glass window enabling printing interface control... print head submerged in liquid polymer traps air bubble forming air-liquid meniscus at head’s end where structures formed by visible light projected through glass... acoustic modulation... regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, high-speed prototyping"

https://environmentenergyleader.com/stories/sustainable-3d-printed-concrete-breakthrough-from-uva-engineers,55803   "graphene boosts concrete strength 23%, limestone/ calcined clay cement reduces carbon emissions 31%...  partnership with VTRC allowed the UVA team to explore the material’s potential in transportation infrastructure, offering insight into real-world applications... the VTRC collaboration was essential in uncovering the fundamental properties of this new concrete"ted Related: Impact printing is a cement-free alternative to 3D-printed structures https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/10/impact-printing-is-a-cement-free-alternative-to-3d-printed-structures/

https://www.gla.ac.uk/news/headline_1122851_en.html "high performance cathode despite <10% carbon, rapid charging, cheaper/ easier manufacture... 125 mAh per gram, close to 127 maximum theoretical capacity... layered nature of the material allows potassium ions to travel more easily between the layers during charge and discharge, allows the battery to maintain 85% of its capacity in lab conditions even when charged and discharged at high speed...stationary storage... future: identify an electrolyte delivering improved performance in future refinements of the battery’s design"

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/sinopoly-next-generation-60ah-plastic-prismatic-lfp-battery-2024-a-breakthrough-in-battery-technology-302293992.html "overcomes safety, temperature control challenges... water-based LFP positive electrode supports maximum instantaneous discharge rate up to 10C, continuous rate 5C, supports 3C fast charging without compromising safety/ lifespan... fine-tuned battery separator's thickness/ porosity further supports quick energy flow/ heat management... continuous discharge at 2C (3C), even at -40°C, maintaining 90% capacity... efficient heat dissipation... eco-friendly water-based production process"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063341 "NRL developed/ patented... 2D  tungsten disulfide/ diselenide  quantum emitter hosts ...  planar, atomic layered structure readily integrated... proximity to surface facilitates light extraction, emission (by external effects) control... nonvolatile, reversible procedure controls single photon emission purity by integrating with ferroelectric material... organic ferroelectric polymer serves as deformable polymer... secure communication/ quantum encryption, metrology, sensing, quantum information processing/ computation"

https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2024/10/30/2971489/0/en/Solidion-Develops-a-Lithium-Battery-that-can-be-Charged-in-5-minutes-With-Key-Newly-Granted-US-Patent.html "cost-effective weather-independent fast charging, avoids thermal runaway... graphene-based heat spreader quickly moves heat from battery warming it up before or during fast charging, cooling when battery in use... commercialization in 2-3 years"

https://www.businesskorea.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=228240 "complements existing perovskite material and extends absorption range to near-infrared... thin dipole layer  adjusts energy levels facilitating charge transport, forming potential difference at interface,,, combines organic bulk heterojunction with perovskite, allowing up to near-infrared absorption... sub-nanometer dipole interface layer alleviates the energy barrier between both, increasing current density by 4.9mA/cm²... power conversion efficiency increased from 20.4% to 24.0% 78% internal quantum efficiency in near-IR, 800 hrs" Related: Linking Energy Loss to Interfaces in Organic Solar Cells Could Make Them Much More Efficient https://news.ncsu.edu/2024/10/interfaces-in-organic-solar-cells/

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063193 "photon laser direct writing lithography... 600X greater sensitivity to 2-photon laser... 100 mm/s writing speed using nanolattices, fine features <200 nm, minimum width 170 nm... bimolecular photosensitized initiation separates light absorption/ energy transfer enhancing light absorption... captures light wavelengths down 430 nm... fabricated topological liquid diode with nanoscale features... optical gratings, diffraction elements, micro-electromechanical systems, microfluidic devices, tissue engineering scaffolds"

https://www.anl.gov/article/argonne-builds-on-past-success-with-cathode-design-for-lithiumion-batteries "nickel/ order gradually decreases/ cobalt gradually increases from core to surface... maximizes energy density at high-voltage (heat tolerant) operation, minimizes reactivity, overcomes tendency for cracking of layers... also contains manganese...  charging/ discharging the material 500 times lost only about 2% of its storage capacity...  plans to reduce the cobalt level down to 1%... patented/ licensed"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063204 "optical nonlinear computing: faster, lower energy consumption, high parallel spectrum modulation 8-input system... without relying on electronic components for  computing... advanced logic: decoders, comparators, adders, multipliers... also a new platform for simulating complex phenomena... runs cellular automata models including Sierpinski triangle, highlighting the optical PLA's capability to support intricate computational tasks"

  https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063040 "forms images from 1 field of view to another, while blocking image formation in reverse direction... work exceptionally well under partially coherent light (where some degree of phase correlation)... high quality and high power efficiency... spatially engineered asymmetric linear diffractive layers optimized for partially coherent illumination... imagers are compact, <75X wavelength of light in thickness... independent of light polarization... compatible with various light sources including broadband radiation"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063065 "stores solar energy for several weeks/ months as chemical bonds (photoswitches)... overcomes trade-off between energy storage capacity and efficient absorption of solar light... indirect light harvesting incorporating a sensitizer, absorbs light/ transfers energy to photoswitch, which cannot be directly excited... increased solar energy storage efficiency > 1 order magnitude... each absorbed photon can trigger a chemical bond formation process... household heating. up to large-scale energy storage"

https://communities.springernature.com/posts/magnon-field-effect-transistor-paving-the-way-for-energy-efficient-computing-in-the-post-moore-era "nonvolatile, lateral structure 3-terminal, room temperature, energy efficient magnon transport control via gate voltage pulses... as transistors shrink/ higher speeds, heat generated increases substantially, mitigated by transmitting spin information without electron motion... also, can switch magnetic moments enabling information transmission/ storage... ferrimagnetic insulator layered on ferroelectric material with 3 platinum stripes patterned on magnetic layer serving as injector, gate, and detector, respectively... strong modulation"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1061807 "absorption/ shielding <0.5mm thick, <1% reflectance... flexible, durable maintaining shape even after being folded/ unfolded thousands of times, making suitable for use in rollable phones/ wearables... synthesized magnetic material altering ferrite crystal structure... incorporated conductive patterns on film’s back side... adjusting conductive pattern's shape reduces electromagnetic wave reflection at specific frequencies... carbon nanotube thin film applied to the back... smartphones, autonomous vehicle radar”

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062802 "for laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing, using microphones, photodiodes, machine learning,.. >90% accuracy with 0.1 ms temporal resolution in detecting keyhole pores (vapor depression formed in melt pool during printing)... intelligent, closed-loop control, faster qualification/ certification for metal additive manufacturing parts...  simple light/ sound sensors monitor printing, high-speed synchrotron x-ray imaging trains machine learning model to recognize conditions that lead to pore formation"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062911 "addresses dendrites and unwanted hydrogen formation/ corrosion, using porous organic polymer TpBD-2F forms stable, ultra-thin, highly ordered film on zinc anode, allowing zinc ions to flow efficiently through nano-channels while keeping water away from anode... large-scale energy storage... also safer, cheaper,  than lithium... prototype button cell, but scalable" Related: Electrochemically and chemically in-situ interfacial protection layers towards stable and reversible Zn anodes https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064864

https://www.science.org/content/article/dna-printing-press-could-quickly-store-mountains-data "cost effective, no synthesizing DNA 1 letter at a time... gram of DNA stores up to 215 PB data, for millennia... data readout traightforward/ fast using DNA sequencing machines... “paper”: long standardized template pieces of single-stranded DNA... “type: 100's short single-stranded DNA “bricks,” each 24 bases long, with sequence designed to bind to specific region along DNA template... methylation bricks encoded 0 or 1... placed in solution, bricks quickly found/ connected to their sequences on template"

https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241010091386/en/Niron-Magnetics-Opens-the-World%E2%80%99s-First-Manufacturing-Facility-for-Powerful-Rare-Earth-Free-Permanent-Magnets "Niron Magnetics opens 70,000 square-foot Minneapolis commercial pilot plant... production capacity >5 tons  per year of its proprietary Clean Earth Magnets based on Iron Nitride®.. full-scale manufacturing facility will produce 1,500 tons per year and is expected online in 2026... EVs, wind energy, consumer electronics"

https://scitechdaily.com/dizzying-discovery-mysterious-electron-path-deflecting-effect-unlocks-new-quantum-behaviors/   "spirally stacked tungsten disulfide crystals causes light to manipulate electrons analogous to Coriolis force, particularly when shining circularly polarized light causing electrons to deflect in different directions based on material’s internal twist, enhancing optics... as though magnetic field were present even when none...  material’s response to light amplified...  moiré length scale on par with light wavelength, coupling increases control... quantum materials with adjustable properties... photonics, sensors"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062361 "detects: carbon replacing boron atoms... analyzing tiny/ rhythmic fluctuations in electrical current... atomically thin structure, excellent insulating properties... overcomes electronic property degradation... transistor sandwiching 2D molybdenum disulfide between hBN layers, cryogenic cooling/ applying precise electrical voltages... analyzing signals at different temperatures/ voltages determining energy levels/ spatial defect locations... create more perfect quantum material, single-photon emitters for secure communications"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062642 "integrating nanophotonics, compressed sensing, deep learning, ultra-compact femtosecond photography utilizing super-dispersive metalens... synergizes compressed sensing/ streak imaging... data acquisition, subsequent image reconstruction... transmissive binary coding pattern achieving uniform pixel intensity distribution... polarization-insensitive cylindrical meta-atom design provides full 2π phase coverage with >90% transmittance... captures temporal/ spatial information in single compressed recorded photo"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062233 "tissue-level moduli as soft as 81 kPa, 150% strain stretchability,  up to 1.4 cm2 V-1 s-1  charge-carrier mobility ... soft mechanical properties/ large degree of hydration... hydrogel very porous allowing efficient diffusion transport... solvent exchange, dissolving semiconductors in organic solvent, then immersed into water dissolving out organic solvent/ letting water in... semiconducting properties/ hydrogel... reduces immune response/ inflammation... elevated biosensing response, stronger photo-modulation effects:"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062621   "3D structure opens through mechanical peeling process... silicone elastomer/ silver lower layer exposed generating radiative cooling... when closes, surface coated with black paint absorbs solar heat... tested on skin, glass, steel, aluminum, copper, polyimide... adjusting structure's angle enabled  heating/ cooling control/ performance... buildings/ electronic devices/ industrial at both macro/ micro reducing energy consumption"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062624 "enables commercialization, scalable... resource-abundant, low-cost, eco-friendly... overcomes low efficiency/ high current losses due to electron-hole recombination, inhibiting Sn loss/ better low temperature mixing/ allowing faster/ lager crystal grow... performance varies significantly depending on where doping occurs... improved absorber layer density/ crystallinity/ energy band structure, fewer defects, smoother charge transport in the solar cell"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062728 "making these previously inaccessible materials accessible for colloidal synthesis.... overcomes researchers assumption with small crytals salt’s positively/ negatively charged ions would be too weak to push back as salt’s ions pull in, that any growing crystals would be crushed before they could stabilize... unlockex ability to synthesize nearly dozen new nanocrystal compositions which will enable future technologies... lasers, quantum QLED, solar cells, medical devices faster quantum/ classical computers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062289 "lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal assembly through iπ–iπ interactions (stabilized by electrostatic/ dispersion forces)... self-assembling molecules into organized structures... amphiphilic charged π-electronic systems... ordered arrangement of 1au⁺ stacked with PCCp⁻ anion via iπ–iπ interactions... achieved (1) horizontal orientation under static magnetic field, (2) vertical orientation under rotating magnetic field, (3) orientation changed in response to temperature, (4) ferroelectric control”

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062478 "senses contact force area, location, recognizes handwritten letters on its surface, distinguishes multiple simultaneous touches... soft silicone with 32 embedded pneumatic channels, each only few hundred nm wide... not affected by magnetic fields, radiation, conditions where small spark of electricity is otherwise serious hazard... wearable devices, MRI, soft robots, rehabilitation aids"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062559 "does not require magnetic field... microstructures comprising textured platinum nanoparticles deposited on silicon... arises from flowing conduction electrons interacting with textured platinum nanoparticles... asymmetric electron scattering reveals uneven features in what would otherwise be a uniform landscape, which is where we will find new discoveries... making electrical signals from light, broadband frequency mixing, wireless microwave detection, converting alternating currents to direct current"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062356 "semiconductor memristor resistive random-access memory remembering past electrical states, from conductive filament formation/ dissolution in insulator layer of its metal-insulator-metal structure... self-compliance on high-density 2-terminal memristor, vector-matrix multiplication on 32 x 32 memristor array... aluminum oxide/titanium-oxide layer on top of insulator layer, acting as internal resistor, preventing overshoot currents... low power use... 92.36% online learning accuracy...  neuromorphic computing" Related: Memristive effect in supercapacitors https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062290

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1062352 "efficient, scalable, directly programmable with CMOS so can be integrated into today’s computer technology... 3 orders magnitude better endurance with 2.4 billion switching cycles at ns speeds... resonance-based, leveraging non-reciprocal phase shift in magneto-optic memory cells comprised of heterogeneously integrated cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnet on silicon micro-ring resonators... magnetic field controls light speed depending on its clockwise/ counterclockwise flow"

https://www.newelectronics.co.uk/content/news/scientists-harness-sound-waves-on-the-surface-of-a-microchip "chips with wave guide use cooler light, sound instead of electricity... soft glass from germanium, arsenic, selenide measures strong interactions between light/ sound... stimulated Brillouin scattering created by enhanced feedback loop between photons/ phonons (coupling, enhancing power) creating vibrations transporting processing information... 5G/6G, broadband networks, sensors, communication (satellites), radar systems, defence systems, radio astronomy, signal processing"

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-53275-5 "better manages charge carrier recombination/ transport... laser patterning... recombination losses primarily arise from hole-selective contact region/ polarity boundaries... relationship between contact resistivity, series resistance, and rear-side pattern design... wafer edge becomes main channel for current density loss once electrical shading around electron-selective contact region mitigated... advanced nanocrystalline passivating contact, wafer edge passivation, front anti-reflection coating/ rear reflector optimization"

https://www.tohoku.ac.jp/en/press/going_chiral_breakthrough_in_synthesizing_carbon_nanotubes_with_precise_chirality.html "catalyst allows precise control over chirality... single-chirality-controlled synthesis, chiral index (6,5) at ultra-high purity >95%... highly specialized growth NiSnFe ternary catalyst enabling selective synthesis of (6,5) chirality CNTs... chirality-pure bundle (6,5) CNT structures show >20X increased photoluminescence lifetime, compared to isolated (6,5) CNTs. This technique could potentially be used in the future to achieve other chiralities as well... semiconductors,  aircraft/ spaceship and biomedical device construction"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1061804 "solid-state batteries... mitigates dendrite growth... particle size reduction due to recombination reactions during repeated charging and discharging, contact between internal solid particles maintained resulting in dense/ uniform electrode... 15.54 mAh/cm² areal capacity, 5X higher, high-rate charging/ discharging >1K cycles under 3-minute (20C current density) 6-minute (10C current density) with >70-80%capacity retention... pouch cell format high energy density >255 Wh/kg demonstrating its commercial potential"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1061990 "quantum material graphene exposed to Thz causes electron fluid to heat up reducing viscosity, lowering electrical resistance... viscous electron bolometer harnesses viscosity reduction effect... detects THz, sensing electrical resistance changes at fast picosecond scale... 6G, IoT, self-driving cars, medical imaging, industrial quality control"

https://www.izm.fraunhofer.de/en/news_events/tech_news/enerconnect.html "bidirectional blocking gallium nitride transistors, used with active converters/ rectifiers.... no separate conversion stage, 99% efficient, power dense... buck-boost converter works with higher or lower input voltages... lower voltage reduces transistor switching losses... 300 kHz switching frequency allows 15 kW per liter, 800% increased... compact converters on vehicles... perfect choice for the idea of using car batteries as storage for electricity and for use in photovoltaic systems"

https://www.electronicsforu.com/news/revolutionary-chip-design-harnesses-the-edge-of-chaos "long metal wires on semi-stable materials overcome signal losses, act like superconductors, no need for separate transistor amplifiers... mimics brain transmitting signals rapidly through axons despite their resistive nature... amplification powered by static bias applied to medium, rather than requiring external amplification components... allows continuous, active signal transmission... lanthanum cobaltite accesses semi-stable edge of chaos... AI, telecommunications, automotive. chip manufacture, data centers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1061639 "simple, powerful quantum information processing... greater photon propagation control, improving photon coincidence detection/ number, system efficiency... quantum walks in simple fiber systems increasing computer algorithms' speed/ complexity... simulate parity-time symmetry, light/ topological structure... better  evolution control of quantum walks in time domain, simultaneous classical light/ entangled photon manipulation... uses fiber-optics, using devices, techniques, and infrastructures that are within reach"

https://spie.org/news/photonic-computing-harnesses-electromagnetic-waves#_=_ "model phenomena such as heat diffusion, particle motion, wave propagation, solving Helmholtz wave equation... less: time-consuming, computationally intensive... high-speed calculations using light–matter interactions... interconnected waveguide metatronic network filled with dielectric inserts mimicking circuit elements... effectively behaves like a grid of T-circuits... adjusting dielectric inserts' dimensions/ permittivity helps solve various boundary value problems, such as EM wave scattering and light focusing"

https://agogs.sk/en/revolutionary-energy-storage-nasas-sulfur-selenium-solid-state-battery-innovation/ "higher energy density 2X or 3X that of lithium so operate longer between charges with longer overall lifespan, more abundant than lithium, cobalt, nickel... solid minimizes leakage/ thermal runaway, allows greater operating temperature range... hurdles: selenium copper refining byproduct so could lead to supply constraints, can be toxic in high concentrations, ensuring material purity, developing cost-effective manufacturing... also useful in space for long flights and extreme conditions"

https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/picking-acoustic-signals-through-better-filtration "isolate important signals from noise/ interference... pushed Klein tunneling to GHz range... etched piezoelectric aluminum nitride membranes convert electrical signals into mechanical and vice-versa...  transmission-mode microwave impedance microscopy visualizes wave movement... waves transmit through energy barriers without loss... controlling angle at which waves entered these phononic crystals...  more users connecting simultaneously... wireless communication, medical imaging, quantum computing"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-stretchable-transistors-wearable-devices-enable.html "conformable/ stretchable minimizing mechanical mismatch between devices/ human body... small feature sizes, high density, miniaturized readout systems... >50% stretchability using adhesive supramolecular buffer layer during fabrication improving robustness at interfaces under strain... feature sizes down to 100 μm using high-resolution 6-channel inkjet printer... coin-sized data readout system for biosignal acquisition... prototype smartwatch-compatible in-sensor edge computing, wearable healthcare"

https://ece.engin.umich.edu/stories/a-pulsed-helical-laser-to-control-other-light-signals-speeding-up-fiber-optic-communication "light signals no longer need conversion to electrical signals for data processing before further transmission... laser strength increased 2 orders magnitude pulsing circularly polarized light through mirrored optical cavity lined with 2D semiconductor tungsten diselenide... XOR gate produces output signal when 1 light input twists clockwise/ other counterclockwise... low power... strong, oscillating light enlarges electronic bands (Stark effect) producing 210 Tesla pseudo-magnetic field... energy of different spins can be controlled"

https://scitechdaily.com/biotech-breakthrough-trees-engineered-to-replace-fossil-fuels/ "replaces need for petroleum-based chemicals, economically viable... thermophilic bacteria degrades cellulose in these trees... cheaper, more eco-friendly... microorganisms continually produce enzymes... high temperatures these thermophilic bacteria grow at avoids the need to otherwise create sterile conditions to avoid contamination... makes large amounts of acetone, ethanol, hydrogen gas from poplar trees, all in one step in a conventional industrial process, so more likely to be adopted"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1061501 "fast, without need for guide stars, spatial light modulators... fewer measurements, corrects >190,000 scattered modes using just 25 holographic frames, shifting imaging burden from physical hardware to flexible, scalable digital processing... computationally emulating wavefront shaping experiments, optimizing multiple virtual high-resolution spatial light modulators simultaneously, allowing reconstructing high-quality images without requiring prior information... medical diagnostics, autonomous navigation, microscopy" Related: Orthogonal matrix of polarization combinations: concept and application to multichannel holographic recording https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1065427

https://www.nanociencia.imdea.org/home-en/news/item/a-novel-chemical-reaction-on-a-surface-enables-the-emergence-of-solitons-in-conjugated-polymers "avoiding doping and resultant polymer structure/ stability degradation... structural parity drives emergence of solitons... single/ double bond alternation along their backbone enabling delocalized π-electrons... selective/ efficient indane-based monomer bonding on metallic surface, exploiting polymers' structural parity affording in-gap soliton state emergence extending several nm along backbone... nanomaterials hosting topological quasiparticles... efficient, cost-effective, sustainable electronics: 1D wires, solar cells, LEDs"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1061664 "conductive interface of 2 correlated insulators has rich phase diagram even covering insulating/ metallic states by itself... d irac semimetal 5d  iridate CaIrO3,  robust half-metal  manganite La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 heterostructure... layered deposition with varying thicknesses of CIO and LSMO... under tensile strain, both metals stabilized into insulating states, electrical properties varied depending on CIO layer thickness... high saturation field >30 Tesla at 20 K... formed conductive path when subjected to high magnetic field"