Today's Tech News: Notable or Not?

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100517 "mimics how room temperature photosynthesis depends on rapid/ efficient energy transfer following absorption... starting in delocalized quantum state provides system with more pathways, coherence allows quicker transfer even in presence of environmental noise, demonstrated across parameters: environmental coupling strength, interaction range between sites, disorder within system... molecule regions: donor where energy absorbed, acceptor where energy eventually arrives... extends to more complex molecular systems"

https://phys.org/news/2025-10-parallel-atom-photon-entanglement-paves.html "ytterbium atom/ 1,389 nm telecom-band single photon entanglement enabling long-distance signal communication without the need for conversion from visible/ near-UV to telecom-band... preserves coherence among certain qubits while others used for communication tasks... future: photon intermediation instead of direct atom-photon entanglement, larger project with optical cavity to improve photon collection efficiency... interconnecting/ synchronizing world's atomic clocks, modular quantum computation"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100520 "spin-radical organic semiconductor molecule P3TTM has single unpaired electron at its center... unpaired electrons on neighboring molecules encourages alignment alternately up/ down... absorbed photon moves an electron downhill from 1 molecule to identical nearest molecule, creating positive/ negative charges extracted as photocurrent... energy for this (Hubbard U) is electrostatic charging energy for double electron occupancy of molecule that has become negatively charged"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100304 "overcomes power monitors' tradeoff: drain off too much optical signal/ lack sensitivity to operate at low power levels required without additional amplifiers... converts small portion of waveguide's light into electrical signal that can be measured, introducing controlled defects into photodiode’s silicon structure by ion bombardment... defects absorb photons with energies too low for pure silicon, enabling light detection across broader wavelengths range... biosensing platforms, integration with microfluidics for lab-on-chip"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-3d-stronger-economical-ai.html "stronger, less expensive... material-to-structure design/ fabrication of mechanically robust digital light processing -based 3D printing using light to solidify a liquid resin that absorbs shock/ vibration while allowing rubber/ plastic -type properties... machine learning assigns optimal strength to each part of the structure... single material and single process... medical implants, machine parts, aerospace, robotics"

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250929055000.htm "momentary charge carriers activated only during light interaction... isolated effect of virtual vertical transitions between material's electronic bands, changing perspective on how light interacts with solids, even in extreme conditions hitherto attributed only to the movement of actual charges... virtual carrier excitation indispensable to predicting rapid optical response in solids... ultra-fast optical and electronic switches and modulators"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100089 "extracts objects/ figures from backgrounds, preserving complex elements (fur, hair, foliage, shadows, reflections, smoke, rippling water)... enables content recycling, leveraging image-completion enhanced with modules tracking changes across time/ space maintaining reconstructed background consistency through built-in self-attention mechanism linking regions across/ within video frames... existing video-generation models detect object-created effects, remove/ extract/ reinsert them into other videos in real time"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-electrically-tunable-metasurface-real-thz.html "microladder metasurface (handrails of gold wire/ steps of small vanadium dioxide gaps) overcomes THz limitations minimizing: energy consumption (low 68°C)/ reversible insulator-to-metal <3 second response time... external current/ resistive heating induced quick transition... combination dynamic pixels (with VO2)/ static pixels (without VO2) holographically encodes characters into metasurface... THz focal-plane imaging for reading THz images at high speed... holography, encryption, medical imaging"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-encoder-diffusion-enables-efficient-generative.html "mathematically complex/ expensive to train, overcome modifying Schrödinger bridge-type diffusion adding noise to real data through encoder/ reconstructed samples using variational autoencoders with infinite number of latent variables... prior loss/ drift matching objective functions reduce computational cost/ prevent overfitting... connects any 2 probability distributions over finite time using stochastic differential equation supporting more complex noising processes/ higher-quality sample generation"

https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adom.202501521?af=R "enables broad-spectrum photodetectors/ high-efficiency LEDs through superior carrier injection/ light emission... facilitates sub-bandgap photon absorption/emission for enhanced solar spectrum utilization/ manipulation... high-efficiency PV, broadband photodetection, wavelength-tunable LEDs... IB formation/ multi-exciton generation mechanism defects suppressed, overcoming existing bottlenecks in practical device implementation"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-compact-phononic-circuits-gigahertz-frequencies.html "compact, reconfigurable, based on waveguides, topological edge structures... GHz so compatible with existing infrastructure... light waves non-scattering... topological sound transport and a phononic Mach–Zehnder interferometer directly on a chip at gigahertz frequencies... communications acoustic filters, phonon-based  quantum processors, high-precision sensors, hybrid communication/ computer systems"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-scientists-electrically-driven-perovskite-laser.html "perovskite semiconductor with lasing threshold order magnitude lower... no need for external light sources... high-quality perovskite single crystals embedded within microstructures, improved microcavity perovskite LED component  radiant exitance, efficient optical coupling between cavity elements... splits electrical-to-optical conversion/ optical amplification functions: perovskite LED directional emission in 1st cavity absorbed by single crystal perovskite in 2nd... 82.7% better optical coupling efficiency"

https://www.ameslab.gov/news/new-quantum-echo-discovered-in-superconductors "echo appears during superconducting phase transition... collective vibrations exist for very short time/ have complex interactions with quasiparticles, electron-like excitations emerging from superconductivity breakdown, signals enabling remembering/ revealing of hidden quantum pathways within material... THz pulsed echoesencode stores/ retrieves quantum information embedded within superconducting material... quantum coherence observation/ control for quantum information storage/ processing"

https://samueli.ucla.edu/ucla-breakthrough-extends-fuel-cell-lifespan-beyond-200000-hours-paving-the-way-for-clean-long-haul-trucking/ "polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell... 1.08W/ square cm power output, same performance as conventional batteries weighing up to 8X more... diminished catalytic performance: alloying elements leach out over time, voltage cycles required to power heavy-duty vehicles are demanding... overcome nesting graphene-encased nanoparticles inside porous Ketjenblack carbon powder... <1.1% power loss after 90K square-wave voltage cycles"

https://www.neimagazine.com/news/first-light-unveils-novel-approach-to-fusion/?cf-view "decouples fuel compression and ignition using low-energy inputs... potential to cut inertial fusion power plant costs 20X using existing/ proven technologies: lower capital costs with lower complexity/ core components, energy delivery system costing 1/10th capital cost, lower pulse rate enabled by high gain lowering operating costs... since pulsed system adjusts its output, it can also provide flexible, low-cost electricity to support modern grids which utilize high level of intermittent renewables... mid-2030s"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099904 "powerful, structured strong-field THz from magnetized plasma, with topologically programmable polarization textures, including ellipticity/ spatial orientation—tuning methods: adjusting angle between magnetic field/ laser propagation, optimization of laser spot size, varying plasma density tuning frequency while maintaining topological properties... tens to about 150 MV/cm THz field strength... ultrafast quantum control, multidimensional nonlinear spectroscopy, advanced material manipulation"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099952 "aids in monitor plant health in real time... zero-waste, low-environmental-impact solution for agriculture, especially in drought/ pollution environment... porous polymer network retains water/ nutrients... produced hydrogels from carrageenan biopolymers extracted from red algae, enriched with whole-algae biostimulant extracts... more vigorous plant growth process compared to using traditional hydroponic substrates” Related: Could a fungus provide a blueprint for next-gen hydrogels? https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100471

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099575 "clusters of golden dots on top of chip... faster, smaller memory chips... ferromagnet/ antiferromagnet integrated into single 2D crystal structure... tilt allows electrons switch direction rapidly/ easily without external magnetic field... magnetic alloy made from both magnetic and non-magnetic elements (cobalt, iron, germanium, tellurium)... 2D films bound in layers by van der Waals forces... no problematic seams at the interfaces which compromised reliability and complicated device production"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097964 "AI single chip on-sensor vision acts like optical synapse... sense, store, process information retina-like... single 0.5 V, 5 ms optical pulse consumes only 187 pJ, conductance updates show 99.6 % linearity eliminating redundant weight tuning/ cutting system power... interface traps photo-carriers, dynamically lowering barrier/ enabling multi-level linear conductance modulation, 2-terminal cross-point structure, wide-band response allows outdoor/ night-time operation without filters... autonomous night driving"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-ultrafast-magnetization-boundary-previous-optical.html "9.4 nm thin gadolinium-cobalt film between platinum/ copper layers on top, tantalum layer below... after 27 fs duration IR pulse, magnetization boundary propagates deep into stack heating it up... only surface-near GdCo layer initially excited strongly enough to overcome switching threshold, but switching succeeds as rest of film follows due to propagating boundary... by choosing different surrounding layers and/ or altering film thickness/ composition, can control where boundary nucleates and how fast it travels"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099840 "unlike OLEDs, micro-LEDs use inorganic materials, which makes them more robust and longer lasting... tiny lights made smaller are dimmer, an especially difficult problem for red light, most important color for making a full-color screen... need for clear/ bright images, compact/ transparent/ flexible/ stretchable displays/ glasses... brightening methods: lasers firing or special liquid guiding micro-LEDs into place, microscopic assembly lines placing/ connecting them faster/ more accurately... VR, AR, smartphones"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-microcomb-chip-raman-broad-spectrum.html ">300 nm spectral width, >1,400 comb lines at 26.03 GHz repetition rate... multiple sets of electro-optic/ Kerr/ Raman combs generated, further broadened by 4-wave mixing... comb lines originating from Raman laser self-adaptively phase-locked to comb lines from primary pump light, ensuring high coherence without intervention... 550 kHz (8 MHz through thermal tuning) self-locking tuning range... high-resolution spectroscopy/ measurement, optical communications, quantum information processing"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-doping-triggers-tunable-density-2d.html "extends charge density wave phenomenon from metals to doped semiconductors... cleanly and reversibly tuned via surface charge transfer doping, without introducing foreign impurities... removing electrons (hole doping) turns the pattern off while adding electrons (electron doping) makes the pattern stronger and more regular, forming a neat, repeating 3√3-by-3√3 pattern... since semiconductor is an antiferromagnet, its electronic correlated phases can be extrinsically manipulated using magnetism"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099502 "silicon can pack millions of qubits onto single chip, working seamlessly with microchip fabrication... clears the way for the development of a fully fault-tolerant, functional quantum computer that is more cost effective than any other qubit platform” Related: Routing photonic entanglement toward a quantum internet https://phys.org/news/2025-09-routing-photonic-entanglement-quantum-internet.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-molecular-rivets-porous-materials-collapsing.html "mesoporous keto-enamine-linked COFs show enhanced framework physical stability due to intralayer hydrogen bonds... COFs adsorb/ release water vapor, capillary forces exerted within shift layers, collapse channels, transform frameworks into amorphous polymers...trade-off: smaller pores more stable, hold less water/ larger pores stored more water, collapse under capillary forces... overcome using keto-enamine linkages creating intralayer hydrogen bonds holding layers rigidly together, preventing interlayer slipping" Related: How atmospheric water harvesting can be scaled https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-atmospheric-harvesting-scaled.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-magnetic-transistor-energy-efficient-electronics.html "replacement made in transistor's surface layer, reducing material's defects/ boosting performance... spintronic device smoothly: changes magnetic state using external magnetic field requiring less energy/ controls magnetic states with electric current since cannot apply magnetic fields to individual transistors... tape picks up nm-scale material/ places on substrate, no solvents/ glue so no contamination, enabling switching/ amplifying current 10X... built-in memory"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099389 "modulation acceptor doping adjusts semiconductor by remote coupling... improves conductivity enabling better quantum chip control/ readability... achieved by doping insulating oxide layer instead of crystal itself... >4,000X higher conductivity, improved switch-on behavior... conventional transistors fail to achieve faster switching/ lower power consumption when in close proximity to ultra-cold quantum components, but oxide layer doping method remains effective"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-miniaturized-ion-3d-quantum-hardware.html "calcium ions cooled to ground state, higher temperature (laser cooling) than other approaches (cryogenic)... ultrahigh-resolution, 2-photon polymerization 3D printing of traps enabling: confinement at high frequencies/ many ion traps on same chip... performs single- and 2-qubit (98% fidelity) operations... competitive error rates/ coherence, much higher frequencies stabilizes/ improves coherence... also: sensing, ultra-precise atomic clocks, compact/ low-power mass spectrometers, high-resolution 3D printing"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099220 "hydrogels exhibit strong swelling/ uncontrollable degradation restricting applications' long-term performance, overcome using nanocolloidal hydrogel... nanoparticles self-assemble into hydrophobic nanodomains preventing water uptake... UV-triggered polymerization photocrosslinked network interconnects nanoparticles while preserving internal hydrophobic phases, yielding transparent, mechanically tunable gels... long-term drug delivery, soft-tissue augmentation, implantables, wound healing, wearables"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-qubit-neutral-atom-array-reloads.html "typically arrange neutral atoms like rubidium using optical tweezers, held under vacuum, used as qubits, but results in some atoms lost from entangling operation errors, state-readout, finite trap lifetime, necessitating performance limiting pulsed operation... overcome using dual optical lattice conveyor belt–like system transporting cold atoms into optical tweezers at 300K/ sec. reloading rate, then 30K qubits/ sec. continuously replenishing 3K-atom array... future: 5X faster, scalable to 10s of thousands atomic qubits" Related: Caltech team sets record with 6,100-qubit array https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1099629

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097964 "single chip senses, stores, processes... single 0.5 V, 5 ms optical pulse consumes 187 pJ... 99.6 % linearity in learning eliminates redundant weight tuning/ reduces system power... optical retina/ synapse -like functions: paired-pulse facilitation, long-term plasticity/ learning reproduced under visible light... facial recognition, autonomous night driving... integrates sense-memory-compute pixels into bionic eyes/ smart cameras/ neuromorphic edge devices... future: new oxide stacks for even lower energy/ higher speed"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098970 "scar shapes are controllable in such a way as to enhance electron transport in open quantum dots connected to electrodes, acting as transistor-type nanoscale switches... imperfections can be transformed into functionality, improving electron flow... opens the door to developing components for small and energy-efficient microchips with nanoscale components"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098974 "doubly-resonant plasmonic nanocavity... 2D semiconductor dichalcogenides monolayers exhibit reduced dielectric screening/ enhanced Coulomb interactions... plasmonic nanocavity patch antenna collects 59.1% of emitted light, 1.6X better... strong field enhancement in both in-plane/ out-of-plane components... cost-effective single-resonance-enhanced 2nd harmonic generation thermally tuned dual-resonance upconversion... high-performance nonlinear photonic devices"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-potential-bioelectronic-interfaces-conform-complex.html "thin-film electronics wrapped onto biological tissues enabling signal acquisition/ regulation... no external pressure applied... droplets pick up/ transfer ultrathin films forming temporary lubricating layer between film/ substrate dynamically releasing stress through localized sliding, preventing device rupture... high positional accuracy controlling 3-phase contact line dynamics... wearable/ flexible bioelectronics, neurorehabilitation, brain-machine interfaces, flexible displays, micro-/nano-manufacturing"

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250919085242.htm "Controlled Hierarchically Engineered Superlattice Structures: easily manufacturable solid-state heat-pump...  scalable semiconductor chip fabrication compatibility, no toxic refrigerants... uses 0.003 cubic cm materials... metal-organic chemical vapor deposition fabrication... small-scale refrigeration, large-scale HVAC, space exploration, computers, body heat differences for tactile systems/ prosthetics/ human-machine interfaces"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-tiny-manganese-tweak-results-material.html "adding manganese to silver copper telluride made it the most efficient material of its kind... >13% conversion efficiency... stable, simple to produce, doesn't rely on toxic elements"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-clever-device-drastically-vibration-rotating.html "drastically reduces vibration from flow-induced Kármán vortices caused by rotating parts... patented device produced with 3D printer... prevents damage to turbines, bridges... researchers glued the plastic-resin device that had been 3D-printed onto the trailing edge of a steel blade and ran experiments in a small-scale tunnel... there was zero vortex formation, and therefore no vortex-induced vibration... doesn't alter the blade's performance... boat propellers, turbines, hydraulic pumps"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-boron-metal-complexes-olefins-toxicity.html "metal-mimetic" properties of main group elements such as boron, which form so-called π complexes with olefins, which are similar in their properties and behavior to the complexes of transition metals with olefins... these compounds are intermediates in many large-scale catalytic processes in industry... opens up a whole new area of the periodic table for π coordination chemistry, including the possibility of using main group elements as industrial catalysts for functionalization reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098837 "3D from differently angled 2D images... neural network predicts color/ density at any point in 3D space, casting imaginary light rays from camera through each pixel in all input images, sampling points along rays with 3D coordinates/ viewing direction... uses motion decomposition, avoiding mask supervision... Base Ray Initialization roughly reconstructs dynamic 3D scenes/ Motion Decomposition-based Deblurring predicts latent sharp rays incrementally decomposes into global motion/ local object motion components"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098445 "fast operation vs. noise shielding tradeoff solved... atomic nucleus spin is the cleanest, most isolated quantum object... same isolation making atomic nuclei so clean makes it hard to connect them together in large-scale quantum processor... distance between nuclei 20 nm, scale of silicon computer chips... removes need for the atomic nuclei to be attached to the same electron, enabling robustness/ scalability... electrons easy to move around into shape, so interactions can be switched on and off quickly and precisely"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098438 "nickel-iron alloy ferromagnets sandwiching graphene thin insulating layer... such as ... how produced affects how metal/ insulator align on atomic scale, affecting insulator’s carbon atoms interaction with metal atoms’ electrons, influencing spintronic magnetic properties at interface... ferromagnet surface different when insulator transferred to it (more nickel on surface so doesn't hybridize) compared to grown ferromagnetic crystal on insulator flake (features iron layer so hybridizes)... data storage/ processing, sensors"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098823 "room temperature chip-based single photon emission of quantum information... much of this light is lost in all directions, making it hard to capture and use... embedding nanodiamonds containing nitrogen-vacancy center defects into center of hybrid nanoantennas of metal/ dielectric layers in bullseye pattern instead of letting it scatter... quantum computers, secure quantum communication, ultra-sensitive sensors"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-device-amplifies-shielding-qubits-unwanted.html "qubits measured by resonator, readout uses weak electromagnetic wave then amplified... no bulky/ magnetic components controlling signal detection/ protecting qubits from backaction noise... lumped-element capacitors/ Josephson junction inductors artificial nonlinear transmission line with parametric modulation amplifying forward signals/ backward traveling signals converted to different frequency, preventing from reaching qubits... comparable with superconducting qubits, together with amplifier integrated on-chip"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-material-chip-based-approach-enables.html "University of Twente, IBM Research Europe, Toyota Motor Europe... processes sound smoothly/ dynamically as good or better than best software models... chips based on standard silicon, work at room temperature... combines a convolutional neural network with IBM chip for in materia speech recognition, hearing aids using almost no energy, voice assistants not sending data to cloud, cars with direct speech control, accelerated AI, time-dependent signals: video, images, continuous data streams from sensors"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-nanoscale-optical-device-enables-independent.html "generates entangled photon sources/ other quantum optical systems... device's surface combines quantum wells/ metal nanocavities arranged in pairs with opposite phases... nearly 100% shear horizontal signal intensity modulation depth, full-range phase tunability... lighter, more compact: real-time wavefront shaping, high-speed data encoding, contactless optical switching, entangled photon sources, quantum interference control"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-proximity-screening-graphene-electronic-quality.html "despite theoretical superiority/ unique Dirac electrons, graphene underperforms gallium arsenide semiconductor heterostructure in high-quality 2D electron systems... disorder from bumpy electron-hole landscape disrupting electron flow, overcome placing flat graphite crystal close to graphene layer, separated by 3 to 4 hexagonal boron nitride atomic layers, graphite acting as gate generating opposite charge canceling out disturbance... less magnetism... quantum computing, high-frequency electronics, precision metrology"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098537 "tungsten layer sandwiched between 2 tellurium layers... super-fast laser creates THz pulses focused onto laser's tip strengthening pulse strength, wiggling top layer of tellurium atoms directly beneath tip gently nudging that layer 7 pm out of alignment from remaining layers, reverting back to normal when laser off... wiggling only occurs on the topmost layer... acts as nanoscale switch to temporarily change electrical properties of WTe2 to upscale the next generation of electronic devices"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-salty-ice-power-source-future.html "streaming flexoelectricity: electricity generation by bending material... salt prevents ice from freezing completely, creates tiny channels filled with salty water, pressure from bending forces liquid flow through channels, electric charge in moving water creates streaming current... ice covers around 10% of Earth's surface so may also be relevant to electrical activity of ice-covered terrestrial regions and distant icy ocean worlds... drawbacks: up to 80% less power after numerous bends, more waste heat than piezoelectrics"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098215 "ferroelectric crystal/ metasurface potential to manipulate light's nonlinear phase faces challenges: complex/ energy-intensive fabrication, static optical systems with fixed properties once constructed... overcome using ion-doped ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals devices with large-area, defect-free polarization patterns, ensuring robust/ reproducible optics... reconfigurable nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry optics with patterned ferroelectric nematics... thin-film polar inductor/ capacitor with spatially modulated x-y plane alignment"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-tailored-pulsed-power-modulator-bias.html "applies voltage pulling ions within plasma making them collide with semiconductor wafer, enabling etching, removing contaminants, deposition... stores energy at low power over long period, discharging instantaneously at high power controlling etching's depth/ narrowness... bias supplying pulses stably controlled within 2.5 µs duration, discharged at 400 kHz frequency... soft switching reduces power loss >78%... smaller power supplies, higher power density, longer lifespan... addresses heat generation"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-advancing-semiconductor-thermoelectrics-thickness-doping.html "n-type Bi2Te3 thin film dopant/ texture manipulations in physical vapor deposition/ nanobinders in screen-printed processes surpassing 20 μW cm−1 K−2 power factor at room temperature face challenges... VTE@MS-BTS synergistically modulates the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, mechanical flexibility... 30.0 μW cm−1 K−2 power factor at room temperature, enhanced bendability... high performance power generation/ cooling... scalable/ flexible inorganic semiconductors" Related: ATS Energy: waste heat below-grid-price electricity with no moving parts, emissions, noise https://ats.energy/

https://physics.aps.org/articles/v18/151 "laser pulse generates wave-like surface linearly/ circularly polarized photons in thin semiconductor, passes through 2 antenna arrays redirecting as light... 30-nm-thick silicon dioxide wafer resting on 150-nm-thick silver mirror base... quantum emitter: nm-scale diamond containing some nitrogen atoms paired with carbon vacancies, polariton waves spread out from diamond, passing through many 35-nm-thick silver strips, 200 nm apart, as controllable antennae... future: electrically driven rather than laser emitter so more marketable"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097405 "integrating nanocavity MoS2-BN-graphene-BN-MoS2 heterostructure onto fiber end facet exhibits significantly enhanced saturable absorption properties, reducing pulse splitting possibility under different polarization states in fiber ring cavity, achieving single-pulse generation in 85% of configurations compared to 20% for bare graphene-saturable absorber... compact, robust, eliminates need for polarization controller...  65% reduced saturation intensity which is beneficial for self-starting "

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250913232933.htm "trace amounts of magnetic spiral chiral molecular nanohelices (cinchonine or cinchonidine) adsorbed onto metal nanoparticles' surface during metal ion electrochemical reduction achieves spin polarization exceeding ~80%, rare in inorganic systems... when exhibit right-handedness, preferentially allow 1 direction of spin to pass, while opposite spin cannot... chiral spintronics platform, chiral magnetic nanostructure architecture... controls handedness/ number of strands (double, multiple helices)... scalable, energy-efficient spintronics"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1095496 "scalar holograms with uniform polarization limits amount of encoded information, overcome with vectorial holograms encoding both intensity/ polarization using less-bulky ultrathin metasurfaces... combines GS algorithm with wave-decomposition calculating scattering properties required for each meta-atom... precise control over reflection phases/ polarization states... high metasurface efficiency (nearly 68%), polarization-independent vectorial holography: imaging, data storage, encryption"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097545 "chirped-period crystal accepts IR from many directions/ converts to visible, upconversion detection suppresses noise enabling low light conditions... 0.20 mm pinhole radius produces sharp details in image targets: 11 to 19 cm away, across all distances at 3.07 μm mid-IR confirming large depth range, up to 35 cm away demonstrating large depth of field, µm-level axial precision... relatively complex/ bulky laser setup should, with further research, become far more compact/ easier to deploy"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097393 "thermodynamically, mechanically, dynamically stable... oxygen atom adsorption on biphenylene sheet induces metal-to-semiconductor transition... 1.14 eV (1.83 eV) biphenylene oxide indirect band gap, 1826 mAh/g (Li), 1065 mAh/g (Na), 913 mAh/g (K) storage capacities, 4218 mWh/g (Li), 1991 mWh/g (Na), 1570 mWh/g (K) energy densities, 0.19 eV (Li), 0.34 eV (Na), 0.07 eV (K) metal diffusion barriers, 0.73 V (Li), 0.84 V (Na), 1.21 V (K) open-circuit voltages, 0.93% volume change (Li) 3.74% (Na)"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-atom-thin-crystals-power-future.html "more reliable switching between insulating/ metallic states, using less power... attaching different metal electrodes to transition metal dichalcogenides can tip balance between these states... synergy between: electrodes lowering energy barrier that keeps material stuck in 1 state/ tiny atomic vacancies, helping to ease insulating/ metallic phase transitions... learning how to use imperfections which seemed like flaws... low-energy neuromorphic computing, AI, flexible smart wearables"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-ultra-flat-optic-previously-thought.html "light, 1 µm thick, ultra-flat metalens optic substantially extends camera battery life, but limited by chromatic aberration, overcome using AI-powered computation enabling 1 cm aperture... AI-powered backend takes in data received from optics/ outputs images with lower haze, better color accuracy, more vivid hues, better noise reduction... future: capturing/ working with polarized/ spectral sensing of light to augment human vision... nanoprint lithography metalens fabrication affordable/ scalable... ophthalmology devices"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098105 "uses tree derived rubber eucommia ulmoides gum... CNTs / MXenes integrated into salt-template created 2 mm thick porous foam... low IR emissivity due to MXene/ smooth surface, 0.15 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ thermal insulation by trapping air, 49.7 dB shielding effectiveness in X-band, blocking >99.9989 % EMI... absorbs/ releases 36.8 J/g preventing heat buildup... compressive strength 825% higher than pure eucommia ulmoides gum foam, maintains 83.5 % shielding performance after rigorous 12-days under high heat/ humidity" Related: Rational high entropy doping strategy via modular in-situ/post solvothermal doping integration for microwave absorption https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098222

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-narrow-linewidth-laser-chip-standard.html "topological interface state extended laser with optical injection locking... distributed feedback laser with no hybrid integrations/ bulky external components... indium phosphide semiconductor substrate... chip has 3 regions, each with own optical phase tuned to keep light evenly distributed between them... chip integrated micro-ring resonator enables internal light recycling... easily switchable between optical phases, required in: quantum key distribution underpinning unbreakable encryption, advanced communication devices" Related: Uniting the light spectrum on a chip https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097748 Synthetic magnetic fields steer light on a chip for faster communications https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098131 Chip-scale cold atom experiments could unleash the power of quantum science in the field https://phys.org/news/2025-09-chip-scale-cold-atom-unleash.html High-symmetry g...

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-world-fastest-ultraefficient-silicon-carbide.html "electric flow conversion between systems... smaller, lighter, but with 5X greater energy density... 1200 V, 400-amp, suitable for data centers, power grids, microreactors, heavy-duty vehicles/ aircraft/ military... 7 to 9X lower parasitic inductance. monitors own health predicting component failure... current routed for maximum magnetic flux cancellation... nearly 2D... bonds copper to flexible Temprion polymer... low-latency wireless communication protocol, high temperature tolerance... pulsed power fusion components"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1098035 "moves excitons with light/ nano-ridge at room temperature, acts like wire/ switch enabling circuits running on excitons instead of electricity... moves quantum information without losses from moving inherently charged electrons... hard to move excitons since without charge, overcome pulling along physical ridge, exciton equivalent of wire... gate-like flow control with electrodes positioned on either side of ridge... high speed on-chip data transfer links: supercomputers, data centers, AI, autonomous vehicles, digital twins"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097584 "frequency converted up/ down changing input light polarization/ tuned by changing temperature... dichalcogenide crystal combined with chalcogenide anions,,, scalable using silicon chip technology... resonances 1220 nm, 2X that of exciton, to harness the energy... interaction between exciton/ quasi-bound state in continuum resonance on/ off switchable... 2 to 4 orders magnitude enhancement... adaptive camouflage, night vision, biosensing, photon generation for on-chip computing, secure communications."

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-silicon-nanowires-macroscopic-networks-advanced.html "bundled nanowire alignment/ density control significantly increases contact surface between individual nanowires... suspend nanowires in water, then slowly filter liquid via vacuum filtration, causes order, then linking forming paper-like networks... each bundle of around 15 individual self-assembled nanowires with 0.4 nm separation between them... large-scale silicon nanowire production... batteries, sensors, faster electronics, advanced functional materials, liquid crystal devices, photonic fibers, semiconducting textiles"  

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097878 "light signals scatter into dead ends/ vanish before reaching destination, overcome using protected topological channel reshaping landscape on the fly keeping light on course, forward only... no bulky magnets... screen plots matched ideal topological band diagram... photonics not bound by electronics' constraints... sturdier lasers, faster data links, light-based chips that don’t get tripped up by imperfections, quantum light state shielding... future: scale to microwave where components larger/ easier to handle"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097680 "math operations performed through light interference mechanisms on mm-scale silicon microchips carried out faster/ using less energy, since no need to digitize information... step forward to make artificial intelligence (which relies on extremely energy-intensive data centers) more sustainable... addresses theme of training, phase in which network learns to perform certain tasks... also enables more sophisticated AI models integrating real-time data processing into portable devices... autonomous cars, intelligent sensors"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097408 "strong ionic bond between hafnium and oxygen atoms exhibits high dielectric constant, superior thermal stability, wide band gap, optimal for ultrathin semiconductors... low-pressure, high-density plasma generation alternately irradiates with N2/ O2 plasmas... 0.023 to 0.107 nm etch depth/ cycle... formation of Hf-N bonds, nitrogen atoms replace surface oxygen atoms when exposed to N₂ plasma, then exposed to O2 plasma causing bond decomposition... after 20 etching cycles, surface roughness reduced 60%"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097587 "simultaneously focuses range of wavelengths from unpolarized source over large diameter... scalable, uses existing semiconductor nanofabrication... for single wavelength optimizes metasurface shapes (rounded squares, 4-leaf clover, propeller) large enough (300 X 1000 nm) to be resonant at longest wavelength without getting diffraction from shorter wavelengths, in both electric/ magnetic dipole, spanning phase shifts from 0 to 2 pi, enabling phase gradient map achieving any arbitrary focussing pattern"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-core-technology-ultra-high-resolution.html "diazirine structured crosslinker reacts to single UV exposure, activating carboxylic acid functional group to bind to QD surface, forming ultra-fine patterns, achieving 2 μm (6,350 DPI) resolution patterning while also ensuring excellent precision/ stability... then applied PETMP thiol-based compound, passivating surface defects, further improving photoluminescence quantum yield, 10.3% maximum external efficiency, 99,369 cd/m² maximum luminance... displays, AR, VR, micro-QLEDs, transparent devices, image sensors" Related: Quantum dot and polymer cross-linking enables 50% stretch capability for micro-LED displays https://phys.org/news/2025-09-quantum-dot-polymer-linking-enables.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-terahertz-faster-electronics.html "light's wavelength not easily confined to small spaces, overcome by squeezing into tiny spaces 100X smaller than their natural wavelength so light can be confined/ guided in nanoscale devices... tiny strips topological insulator epitaxial Bi2Se3 arranged side by side with gaps between them adjusted to: shorten wavelengths 20%, extended attenuation length >50%... lowers momentum, retain energy longer... lightning-fast downloads, more secure networks, clearer, safer medical imaging, more powerful quantum computers"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097522 "convolution AI pattern detection in images, video, text... near 0 energy use... 98% accurate classifying handwritten digits, comparable to traditional electronic chips... 2 sets of miniature Fresnel lenses fabricated using current chip manufacturing etched directly onto chip... machine learning data converted into laser light on chip, light passes through Fresnel lenses, which carry out convolution, result converted back to digital to complete AI task... wavelength multiplexing using lasers of different colors... optical AI computing" Related: Sustainable generative AI: UCLA develops novel light-based system https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100022

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250901104650.htm "heavy fermions, electrons acting as if they carry far more mass than usual, stay entangled at near room temperature, for an amount of time approaching Planckian limit (the shortest time interval measurable in classical physics)... since effect appears at close to room temperature, it might be harnessed in solid-state materials for a new type of quantum computer which can operate at that temperature... control/ manipulation of quantum entanglement in solid-state materials like CeRhSn for novel quantum computing architectures"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-stretchable-nanofilms-tunable-magnetic-properties.html "overcomes limitations of conventional deposition methods on nanoscale magnetic thin film substrates... deposit magnetic nanofilm, such as cobalt or nickel, onto pre-stretched flexible substrate (greater stretching = stronger embedded magnetic anisotropy), release tension enabling contraction altering nanofilm's atomic spacing... created bilayer structure with perpendicular magnetization directions, for magnetic sensors/ strain gauges... beyond magnets, also superconductors, semiconductors, dielectrics... energy-efficient electronics" Related: Atomic neighborhoods in semiconductors provide new avenue for designing microelectronics https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-atomic-neighborhoods-semiconductors-avenue-microelectronics.html

https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202508/26/WS68ad0920a3108622abc9d1fe.html "average helium in China's natural gas fields only 0.03 to 0.05%, far lower than 1 to 7% for international fields... system can operate around the clock, extracting 400,000 cubic meters of high purity helium annually... catalytic dehydrogenation removes hydrogen impurities, followed by membrane separation and pressure swing adsorption eliminating gases such as nitrogen and methane, then ultra-low-temperature refining removing neon"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1095497 "interferometer design, potential fabrication using existing silicon-based technologies... conversion/ electro-optic modulation not: complex/ multi-tiered/ energy-intensive... conversion rates up to 186 Gbps, order magnitude faster... in wireless or radar communications can be combined with microwave photodetection converted into radio frequency signals... parallel processing in optical computers, AI"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1095796 "highly efficient/ stable pure-red emission... modulates bandgap through lattice distortion but decomposes under high temperature, overcome using hot-injection, acid–base equilibrium between ethylammonium carbonate/ oleic acid survives hot-injection synthesis' harsh conditions... exhibits lattice expansion, reduced defect densities, near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield... tunable emission across 630-650 nm range... 26.1% maximum external quantum efficiency (vs. 9.9), also other quantum dot compositions, ranges"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1095464 "high optical efficiency/ compatibility with existing systems, multiple device integration into compact optical platforms, energy efficient... non-Hermitian without need for metals enabling on-chip topological exceptional points within fully all-dielectric environment eliminating Ohmic losses/ suppressing zero-order diffraction background in projection-based AR vector holography enhancing image clarity/ fidelity... wearable AR, multiplexed information storage, optical displays"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097250 "installed dipolar rotors into COFs which have adequate space to flip in response to electric field or heat >200°C, not affected by steric hindrance from surroundings/ orientation, can be held at ambient temperature for long time, near 400°C thermal durability... building blocks: tetrahedral 4-handed molecule, flat 3-handed molecule in which 3 dipolar rotors (1,2-difluorophenyl, DFP)/ 3 aryl groups alternately positioned around central benzene ring... discovered COF sln topology/ shape dimorphism"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-3d-micro-ion-quantum-tech.html "individual trapped ions as qubits... electrodes arranged around ion doesn't miniaturize well/ weak field since too far away, overcome, fabricated on sapphire substrates using 2-photon laser polymerization for large arrays of miniaturized 3D ion traps with complex geometries without sacrificing scalability/ precision... then metal-coated with either gold or aluminum... confined calcium ions with between 2 and 24 MHz radial trap frequencies, 4X higher than those typically seen... 2-qubit gate with high 0.978 ± 0.012 Bell-state fidelity"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-solar-breakthrough-hotter-panels-storage.html "photoelectrochemical flow cells based on pn+-junction coated with 10 nm Pt layer photocathode, Hg/HgSO4 electrode reference electrode, carbon rod counter electrode... as devices warm up, electrochemical current flow improves due to faster ion movement/ better electrolyte electrolyte conductivity... performance gains strongest at 45°C, before starting to plateau... reduced need for cooling systems"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097164 "details <1 pixel get smeared out across pixel rather than precisely located within it, causing blurred sub-pixel details... overcome using camera motion to produce sub-pixel, gigapixel-scale resolution... movement causes small light points to leave tracks that cross multiple pixels that algorithm uses as extra information to pinpoint exactly where fine details must have been, reconstructing on finer grid... mounted conventional camera to moving stage... photography from moving aircraft, scientific, archival, art"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-built-brilliance-zintl-phase-quantum.html "optimal bandgap, long carrier lifetime, intrinsic defect tolerance (no need for surface passivation)... fabrication: quickly injecting phosphorus precursor into heated ligand-solubilized mixture containing barium/ cadmium... adjusting temperature during growth controls nanoparticle size for specific light absorption/ color emissions... 21% photoluminescence quantum yield... light absorbing/ electric charge carrying semiconductors for LED lighting/ displays, fiber optics, solar panels, bioimaging, optical sensors"

https://greenstocknews.com/news/nyse/ionq/ionq-breakthrough-in-synthetic-diamond-materials-accelerates-quantum-networking-scale-and-production "high-quality, quantum-grade diamond films allow diamond-based devices to be made using standard semiconductor manufacturing techniques... key component for quantum memory/ photonic interconnects linking quantum computers... also, quantum sensing... allows quantum-grade diamond film bonding onto common substrates like silicon/ silicon nitride... can be incorporated into hybrid, on-chip integration of diamond quantum memory/ non-diamond non-quantum switches, modulators, electronic control layers"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-code-future-scientists-faster-reliable.html "finds/ corrects errors arising from poor signals/ interference but: requires many iterations which creates delays/ lacks efficient decoding algorithms to support hardware implementation with low complexity... overcome using duals of Cordaro-Wagner based codes, along with efficient decoding algorithms... matched performance 5G codes, while: correcting more errors in less time, significantly faster convergence (meaning fewer iterations to correct errors), leading directly to reduction in communication latency"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1096991 "error reduction/ fault tolerance performance tested, and compared with using nitride, carbide, or silicide superconducting resonators... on silicon substrates... tested at temperatures near absolute zero, demonstrated high performance, confirming feasibility for realizing low-loss quantum hardware. Loss is a critical measure of hardware quality, with lower values indicating more perfect superconducting devices"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1096912 "rooftop flat-plate collectors warm data center’s eco-friendly coolant stream before it reaches organic Rankine cycle compact power system... recovers 60-80% more electricity annually, >8% higher efficiency during sunny peak hours along with increased annual average efficiency, 5.5 to 16.5% cheaper electricity... off-the-shelf technology... behind-the-meter generator that gets stronger when the sun is out, right when cooling loads are highest”

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-scientists-superior-gallium-oxide-semiconductors.html "silicon-based pn diodes waste energy as heat... gallium oxide-based electronic devices much more energy-efficient but their diodes require both n-type and p-type layers to function properly... gallium oxide accepts atoms needed to create n-type layers/ rejects atoms required for p-type... overcome with both types working together: shooting nickel atoms into gallium oxide layer, heating at 300°C with activated oxygen radicals and then at 950°C in oxygen gas... standard equipment/ processes, scalable... EVs, renewable energy"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-metal-frameworks-enable-key-greener.html "lighting/display uses rare earth metals such as europium, terbium, yttrium, cerium, gadolinium, consuming 213 billion kWh annually in the US... replaced with stacked MOFs combining 2 types of porous crystals... controlling how components interact... produce same amount of light while consuming far less electricity... simultaneously reduces production costs, ecological impact and energy consumption"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-hollow-core-optical-fiber-transmits.html "faster light travel through air than silica... record low 0.091 dB/km loss at 1,550 nm, compared to 0.14 dB/km for silica-based... maintains 0.2 dB/km losses over 66 THz with 45% faster transmission speeds, for distances from 700 to over 2,400 nm (tested up to 15 km fibers)... also, at wavelengths currently inaccessible... minimized leakage, surface scattering, microbending... air core surrounded by glass... longer unamplified spans... undersea/ terrestrial cables, high-power lasers/ sensing, waveguides"

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-future-electronics-ultrafast-ferroelectric-properties.html "photoinduced structural dynamics/ time evolution of strain... ferroelectric materials exhibit spontaneous polarization which can be reversed by applying an external electric field, ideal as nanoscale switches... ultra-short, high-energy laser pulses excite electrons, changing polarization in <1 trillionth second... polarization changed significantly 350 fs after laser excitation without barium titanate crystal lattice shifting notably.,, sensing, data processing, energy-efficient information storage" Related: Ultrafast infrared light pulses trigger rapid 'breathing' in thin film https://phys.org/news/2025-09-ultrafast-infrared-pulses-trigger-rapid.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-09-quantum-entanglement-longer-elusive-dark.html "near-total invisibility to emitted light allows entanglement to persist... creating dark states: nanocavity with tuned loss rates balancing coupling strength between quantum dots/ cavity's dissipation... when cavity loss too high, quantum dots act independently without affecting each other/ if coupling sufficiently strong, collective entangled state formed... entanglement lasts up to 36 ns... quantum: ultra-sensitive sensors, memory/ transmission, energy-harvesting technologies based on quantum principles"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-scientists-world-6g-chip-capable.html "11 X 1.7 mm, from 0.5 to 115 GHz replacing 9 radio systems... reconfigurable full-link wireless communications with improved bandwidth, data rates, functionality... broadband electro-optic modulator converts wireless signals into optical, then passed through optoelectronic oscillators to generate required radio frequencies... achieves 6 GHz in 180 μs... commercial 6G network roll out expected 2030... internet, power smart cities"

https://phys.org/news/2025-08-ai-technique-defect-free-arrays.html "quantum systems relying on atoms arranged very precisely in specific patterns... facilitates arrangement of thousands of atoms into arrays, while also ensuring that these arrays are defect-free (no missing atoms)... AI plans simultaneous shift of all atoms in optical tweezer array/ calculates optimal path (hologram for the high-speed spatial laser modulator) to target sites that are missing atoms, moving simultaneously up to 2024 atoms in 60 ms regardless of array size, with precise control over tweezer array position/ phase"

https://phys.org/news/2025-08-high-energy-material-qled-efficiency.html "also reducing electron back-leakage/ surface defects, unlike triphenylamine-based hole transport layer molecular structure's hole mobility/ electron-blocking capability degradation... high 25.7% external quantum efficiency in green QLED devices, 1.46 million hours lifetime (T₅₀ at 100 cd m⁻²) which is 66X longer than conventional devices, demonstrating long-term stability... highest performance among materials in same class... overcomes limitations of conventional materials that have weak molecular bonds"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-08-artificial-neuron-merges-dram-mos.html "combines dynamic random-access memory with ultrathin semiconductor monolayer molybdenum disulfide-based circuits creating integrate-and-fire neuron... DRAM stores electrical charges in capacitors, electrical charge amounts can be modulated to mimic variations in electrical charge across biological neurons' membrane determining whether inverter triggers electrical bursts... resembling those observed in biological neurons when they fire... also emulates photopic/ scotopic adaptation of human vision... edge computing" Related: A metal-organic framework neuron with dopamine perception https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097074

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1095437 "utilizes Mach-Zehnder interferometer arrays... also, microring resonators, each allowing simultaneous multiplication/ bias addition... flexible/ efficient all-optical processing... cross-waveguide coupling allows switching between static/ dynamic temporal tasks... receives inputs from current and previous time steps at separate ports, and output a combined signal using distinct units to avoid crosstalk... dual-path computation single unit doubles processing throughput"

https://phys.org/news/2025-08-laser-technique-boosts-power-individually.html#google_vignette "velocity mismatch causing laser pulses to spread out/ separate in time/ space prevents stable, high-power pulses... overcome using mode multiplexer/ demultiplexer separating mixed beam inside multimode fiber into individual channels, 1 for each mode, enabling dispersion management for each mode independently by adding precise lengths of compensating fiber to each channel... recombine with multiplexer into single beam... beam-shaping capabilities... attosecond light sources, precision fabrication, nonlinear microscopy"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1096433 "rare-earth metal ions, photoactive lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles' core, exhibit complex energy levels structure allowing interaction with wide range of wavelengths... excitation with 2 near-IR beams upconverts emission intensity several-fold/ changes to visible... enables visualizing IR beyond standard detectors' sensitivity... IR detection/ its conversion to visible, enhanced microscopy resolution, optical computing"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1096422 "as medium for writing digital information, fabricated nanoscale chiral antiferromagnet Mn₃Sn dot device, electrically induced antiferromagnetic rotation enabling fast, high-fidelity spin ordering control... efficient switching with 0.1-ns current pulses requiring no external magnetic field... 1K error-free switching cycles using 2D rotation of the chiral spin structure with an effective inertial mass... antiferromagnets can do what ferromagnets do, and more... semiconductor devices powered by antiferromagnets" Related: New class of X-type antiferromagnets enables sublattice-selective spin transport https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1096406 Interface-controlled antiferromagnetic tunnel junctions offer new path for next-gen spintronics https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1096405