Removing lead or other heavy-metal contaminants from water in a process far more energy-efficient than any other currently in use

https://news.mit.edu/2021/removing-lead-water-electrodialysis-0922

"first such method that might be applicable for treating household water supplies, as well as industrial uses... uses a process called shock electrodialysis, in which an electric field is used to produce a shockwave inside an electrically charged porous material carrying the contaminated water... costs are mostly for the ongoing energy input, which is very small... We do have a reasonable idea of how to scale this up"

Related:

Zapping Untreated Water Gets Rid Of More Waterborne Viruses

https://today.tamu.edu/2021/10/20/zapping-untreated-water-gets-rid-of-more-waterborne-viruses/

Microwave-assisted synthesis of biomass-derived N-doped carbon dots for metal ion sensing
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1097204