Today's Tech News: Notable or Not?

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-imager-amplitude-phase-digital.html "phase information provides insights into structural properties (absorption/ refractive index distributions) essential for detailed sample analysis... series of deep learning-optimized diffractive surfaces modulate incoming complex fields, creating 2 imaging channels transforming amplitude and phase into intensity distributions on sensor plane... eliminates need for digital reconstruction algorithms... performs amplitude-to-amplitude and phase-to-intensity transformations... sensors, endoscope/ microscope integration"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-strategy-anti-electrolytes-batteries-extremely.html "factors: lowest temperature at which liquid solution remains stable at given pressure, and temperature at which molecular mobility starts to occur and below which this mobility becomes frozen, prompting transition to rigid/ glassy state... multiple-solute systems via introducing assisted salts with high ionic-potential cations or cosolvents with high donor numbers... battery performances 80 Wh kg−1 and 5,000 cycles at 25 oC, and 12.5 Wh kg−1 at −85 oC" Related: Novel glass-forming liquid electrolyte shows glass transition across broad range https://phys.org/news/2024-09-glass-liquid-electrolyte-transition-broad.html Researchers develop game-changing new battery technology that functions in subzero temperatures: 'Exceptional result' https://www.thecooldown.com/green-tech/korean-battery-scientists-skier-5-lithium-ion/ Materials with negative thermal expansion as electrodes for lithi...

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-stable-high-energy-density-lithium.html "partially coating anode surface with aluminum oxide particles <1µm: low cost, excellent electrical insulation and heat resistance, good mechanical properties, controls interface between anode and electrolyte forming interfacial highway for efficient Li+ transport, preventing lifespan/ stability degrading electrodeposition of lithium... stable even under fast charging high-energy-density thick-film electrodes without loss in reversible lithium... >83.4% residual capacity even after 500 cycles rapid charging" Related: CBAK Energy Unveils Breakthrough in Fast-Charging Technology with Enhanced Model 32140 Battery, Achieving Full Charge in Just 35 Minutes https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/cbak-energy-unveils-breakthrough-in-fast-charging-technology-with-enhanced-model-32140-battery-achieving-full-charge-in-just-35-minutes-302163023.html Extremely fast battery charging technology could make EV...

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-ion-blue-energy-future-highlights.html "membranes from charged material, so nanopores cause current to flow through them by attracting solution ions with opposite charge, ions with same charge then move through pore generating current... instead of using membrane's basic surface charge, embedded gate electrode across membrane to control field through voltage, tuned selectively allowing cations to flow, leading to 6X increased osmotic energy efficiency... enhancing charge density at membrane nanopores' surface achieved 15 W/m2 power density... scalable" Response received by email:  "15 W/m2 power density, so a surface 100 m by 10 m would generate 15,000 W  or 15 Kw. Clearly a significant number if the effect can be scaled"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-high-stability-multifunctional-materials-solar.html "photocatalytic 4-Amino-TEMPO derivative produces high-performance (improved >20%), stable (in both air and moisture) fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells and fiber-shaped organic light-emitting diodes... cost-effective (<723 USD/ 100 g), simple synthesis and in large quantities... excellent washing properties, mechanical shock resistance... solid electrolytes for lithium batteries, catalysts, solar cells, OLED, sensors" Related: High-performance near-infrared OLEDs maximized at 925 nm and 1022 nm through interfacial energy transfer https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-49127-x Breaking open the AI black box, team finds key chemistry for solar energy and beyond https://news.illinois.edu/view/6367/693958657

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-reveals-potential-superparaelectric-materials-gate.html "ultrathin superparaelectric ferroelectric oxide film... polar order local, dispersed in amorphous matrix with crystalline size down to few nm, excellent dimensional scalability... good f37±3 k value for film sputter-deposition at room temperature, leading to small ~0.46 nm equivalent oxide thickness... film's critical size 1.3 to 1.8 nm dictated by sputter-deposition temperature... well-dispersed nanometer polar clusters, high breakdown strength (~10.5 MV·cm−1) ensuring low leakage current. high electrical fatigue resistance"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-device-precisely-photon-emission-efficient.html "strongly inhibited spontaneous PbS quantum dot emissions covalently bound to 3D silicon photonic band gap crystals... polymer brushes, tiny chemical chains grafted in solution from pore-surfaces inside photonic crystal made from silicon, hold photons.. excited light sources inhibited nearly 50X, remaining excited 50X longer than usual... efficient miniature lasers, light sources, sable (no vacuum fluctuation) qubits in photonics, chemical nanosensors... more efficient miniature light sources (smartphone screens)"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-energy-efficient-quantum-magnets.html   "generate, modulate, amplify nanoscale propagating spin waves... no electric currents so no energy losses or heat... store/ process information in waves, using electron's spins (magnets) instead of charges... to excite fast spin, trillionth of second light pulses (2, separated by short time delay variously adjusted controlling amplitude and phase)... strong absorption at UV photon energies localizing excitation in thin region few tens of nm from interface, allowing THz and sub-µm nonlinear spin waves to emerge"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-battery-unveil-interaction-polymeric-materials.html "polymeric protective film enabling safe operation of anode in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries... sulfide-based solid electrolytes high ionic conductivity (2.5 x 10-2 S/cm), simplifying assembly... polymeric materials prevents direct contact between anode and electrolyte... chemical vapor deposition creating uniform 100 nm anode coating film from 8 different polymers with varying polarities... improved interfacial stability, 50.7% capacity retention rate (improvement over 29.0% for non-coated)" Related:  Novel electrolyte shows promise for realizing sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1065676

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-high-alternative-conventional-ferroelectrics.html# "piezoelectricity trades between mechanical stress and electric charge... at submicrometer scale substrate  interferes degrading performance, solved using antiferroelectric lead zirconate producing electromechanical response up to 5X greater (clamping now doesn't interfere with performance, but enhances it)...  smaller, more powerful, energy efficient electromechanical devices or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)/ nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) that can do things we never thought possible before"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-approach-nonlinear-photochromism-easy-rhodamine.html "Photochromic compounds, photo switches changing color when exposed to light... nonlinearity enhances contrast, spatial resolution...nonlinear photochromism induced with low-intensity light using triplet–triplet annihilation,with triplet sensitizer, annihilator, photochromic compound all provided in single molecule: Rhodamine spirolactams... Rh–Pe color change efficiency increases with higher-intensity light... high-resolution photolithography, 3D printing, high-density optical disks"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-high-energy-efficiency-solid-state.html "stable superionic conductor Nasicon (Na, Si, Zr) and solid electrolyte protected sodium metal electrodes from air facilitating carbonate breakdown increasing energy density by increasing working voltage while reducing voltage gap during charging/ discharging, enhancing energy efficiency... special equipment no longer needed to eliminate carbonate byproduct of metal-oxygen reaction involving atmospheric CO2 and water vapor that had sacrificed efficiency " Related: Researchers develop new electrode binder material for high-performance sodium-ion batteries https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-electrode-binder-material-high-sodium.html Enhanced sodium–ion battery technology paves the way for more sustainable and accessible energy solutions https://www.technologynetworks.com/applied-sciences/articles/supercharging-batteries-with-improved-material-design-387624 Researchers develop technique to boost sodium-...

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-3d-technology.html "personalized products on the fly... multifunctional composite materials,... 3D print plastics with small metal pieces inside, using small magnetic device rotating nanoparticles within fluid suspensions adjusting strength... embedding dielectric properties enabling electromagnetic shielding... magnets, acoustics, electricity fine-tune printing... combining magnetic and nonmagnetic nanomaterial creates composite with fibers oriented in certain direction...wire/ powder combinations with maximum strength/ flexibility ratio" Related: Researchers develop new 3D printing for ultra-thin multi-material tubular structures https://techxplore.com/news/2024-04-3d-ultra-thin-multi-material.html No assembly required: Innovative 3D printing method streamlines multi-materials manufacturing https://techxplore.com/news/2024-06-required-3d-method-multi-materials.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-permittivity-dielectric-ceramics-microwavemillimeter-communication.html "when using higher frequencies, lightweight, low-dielectric constant and low-loss microwave dielectric ceramics. reduces electromagnetic coupling effects, minimizing signal delay... strongly covalent tetrahedral framework, incorporating low-melting-point LiO2 and rare earth elements achieving high-quality factors...  sintered at temperatures below 950°C, low dielectric constant (5.05–5.26), high-quality factor (41,607–75,968 GHz), low density (3.04–3.26 g/cm3)... prototype microstrip patch antenna... RF devices"

https://www.optica-opn.org/home/articles/volume_35/june_2024/features/quantum_computing_enters_the_atomic_realm/ "currently locate 56% of errors in single-qubit gates, 33% in 2-qubit operations, working to increase fidelity currently standing at 98%... logical qubits mitigate errors' effects, splits into 3 zones: storage, entangling, readout... error-resistant quantum circuit yielded 72% fidelity operating on 10 logical qubits, increasing to 99% when gate errors discarded... peforrms up to 10X better with logical qubits instead of single-atom counterparts.... next-generation platform can accommodate around 1,200 ytterbium atoms"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-superconductivity-graphene-calcium-superconductors.html "C6CaC6 prepared growing 2 layers graphene on silicon carbide substrate followed by exposure to high-density Ca atoms, leading to intercalation of Ca between layers... leads to Ca layer confinement epitaxy beneath C6CaC6 giving rise to Van Hove singularity, enhancing higher temperature superconductivity... increases critical temperatures through indirective attractive interaction between electrons and phonons, and direct attractive interaction between electrons and holes... integration, popularization of quantum computers" Related: A high-temperature superconductor with zero resistance that exhibits strange metal behavior https://phys.org/news/2024-06-high-temperature-superconductor-resistance-strange.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-electronics-successfully-mos-transistors-mm.html "large-scale transistor arrays using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition compatible with current processes... eliminated Schottky barrier at interface between MoS2 and metal enhancing carrier mobility... processed at commercial facility, achieving >99.9% yield... 21 cm2 V−1 s−1 mobilities, 3.8 kΩ µm contact resistances, 120 µA µm−1 on-current densities, similar to those achieved with single-crystalline fakes... lack of impurities on contact, MoS2 materials peeling off prevention... smaller, flexible devices"

https://www.pv-magazine.com/2024/05/15/enhancing-photovoltaic-thermal-module-performance-with-tesla-valves/ "enhances heat transfer (storage)... glass cover, PV panel, heat-absorbing plate, flow channel, fluid, ethyl vinyl acetate encapsulant, Tesla valve (passive 1D valvular conduit moving fluid in single direction without moving parts)... turbulent fluid flow, increasing heat transfer coefficient reducing temperature difference between fluid and solid surface... fluid velocity >1 m/s lowers PV temperature... efficiencies: electrical 16.32%, thermal 59.65%... optimal valve: angle 30°, pipe diameter ratio 1... future: test nanofluids"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-artificial-nanomagnets-mechanical-memory-capability.html "mechanical memory with properties of magnetic memory... 3D building blocks initially arranged in incompatible ways impeding easy settling into ordered, low-energy configuration... encodes sequence of actions, of which each mechanical building block has 2 stable states, like single magnetic memory bit flipping 2 unis leading to 1 final state,,, reversing order leads to different final state (non-Abelian response)... observing final state retrieves information... memory storage, robotics, mechanical computing"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-angle-moir-lattice-valley-polarization.html "dichalcogenide heterobilayer exciton valley polarization electrically controlled adjusting twist angle... less interlayer excitonic potential at local minima enhances degree of circular polarization... increased large angle intralayer electron-hole exchange reduces interlayer valley polarization... excitonic potential difference between 2 minima increases with twist angle, leading to higher external bias for devices with larger twist angle switching polarization... valley-addressable encoding devices (non-volatile computer memory)"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-ai-headphones-wearer-person-crowd.html "Target Speech Hearing: off-the-shelf headphone fitted with microphones wearer looks 3 to 5 seconds at person speaking, taps button enrolling them, cancelling all other sounds in real time even as listener moves around in noisy places no longer facing speaker... speaker's sound waves reach microphones on both sides of headset simultaneously, machine learning software learns speaker's vocal patterns, improving as speaker keeps talking, adding training data... later, can run another enrollment on speaker improving clarity" Related: AI's solution to the 'cocktail party problem' used in court https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yk5mdj9gxo

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-large-scale-neuromorphic-chip-architecture.html "overcomes storage, power constraints... scalable, dense synaptic connections, achieving on-chip learning capabilities... rapid state updates, parameter loading, enabling efficient construction of various models/ learning rules... efficient connection mechanism supporting >2 million neurons and 100 million synapses on single chip... efficiently handle new information/ dynamic environments running spiking neural networks... advances artificial intelligence capabilities" Related: 16 lab-grown brains run world’s first ‘living computer’ in Switzerland https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/worlds-first-living-computer-switzerland Could brain-like computers be a 'competition killer'? https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx99qv2w1ddo Researchers propose the next platform for brain-inspired computing https://techxplore.com/news/2024-06-platform-brain.html A new brain-inspired artificia...

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-6g-generation-wireless-communications.html "prevent its signals interfering with GPS... FCC recently made available FR3 band for commercial use... tunable filter replacing 100+in cell phone... yttrium iron garnet propagates magnetic spin wave changes frequency... size of quarter, 10X smaller than the existing filter size of large index card packs... its zero-static-power magnetic-bias circuit requires very little power... creates magnetic field without requiring any energy beyond occasional pulse readjusting field" Related: 6G eGuide: Ten key enablers for 6G wireless communications https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/us/solutions/test-and-measurement/wireless-communication/cellular-standards/6g/6g-eguide-ten-key-enablers-for-6g-wireless-communications-_256718.html Better understanding of wave propagation processes could boost 5G and 6G networks https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-propagation-boost-5g-6g-networks.html

https://news.umich.edu/renewable-grid-recovering-electricity-from-heat-storage-hits-44-efficiency/ "power conversion efficiency 44% (goal 50%) at 1435°C surpassing 37% achieved previously, closing in on theoretical maximum... optimizing semiconductor capturing photons (20-30% IR have enough energy generating electricity)... also collect photons above/ below semiconductor's range adding gold reflector (air bridge) beyond air gaps above/ below semiconductor giving energy another chance to be re-emitted, which regular solar cells cannot do"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-large-area-flexible-carbon-nanofilms.html "freestanding, transparent, excellent electrical and optical properties, flexible, stable, lightweight, radiation/ ultra-fatigue resistant... blowing aerosol, facet-driven, braking through mutual restriction between carbon nanofilms' key properties, large-area (>1,200X) fabrication, lossless CNT film transfer... interaction between single-walled carbon nanotube, Cu-O reconfiguration enabling efficient conductive path... A4-size flexible smart window with fast heating, controllable dimming, defogging... architecture, transportation, aerospace"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-3d-polymeric-combines-lightweight-properties.html "3D polymeric structure facilitating lithium-ion transport... more even lithium-ion distribution improving lithium metal anode capacity, performance, and reducing dendrites... polyvinyl alcohol with high affinity for lithium ions, combined with single-walled carbon nanotubes, nanocarbon spheres... >5X lighter enabling uniform lithium electrodeposition... high stability after >200 charge-discharge cycles, energy density 344 Wh/kg... tested using pouch cells, not lab-scale coin cells, so strong potential for commercialization"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-quantum-photonic-technologies-reliable-interferometer.html "real-time single-pass testing photon uniformity using ultra-thin, ultrastable, metasurface, multiport, single-element interferometer... meta-optics decreases size, weight, power, cost of production... static, dielectric metasurface grating without reconfigurable elements, using multi-factor topology optimization... future: also measure indistinguishability of other photon properties (asorbital angular momentum)... portable and satellite-based free space quantum photonic technologies"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-unveils-strategy-mechanical-properties-aluminum.html "high specific strength and specific modulus, wear resistance, economic, reduced emissions... heterogenous structure in aluminum matrix, and spatial configuration of reinforcement particles addresses trade-off between strength and ductility, improving both...heterostructured aluminum nitride/aluminum composite using liquid-solid reaction, hot extrusion, hot rolling... hetero-deformation-induced stress enhanced strength/ ductility, highest in Uniformed-AlNp/Al composite... energy efficient automobiles, airplanes"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-smart-rubber-tasks.html "slender rubber elements as mechanical bits assembled as metamaterial, by controlling interactions between individual bits... rubber computer acting as 2-bit binary counter whereby stretching metamaterial counts from "00" to "11", and back to "00" by releasing... pre-curved rubber beams as mechanical bits mediating interactions by connecting them, storing and processing information... more complex working 3-bit system performing 17 different simple calculations, replicating turnstile, combination lock, vending machine" Related: Engineers make tunable, shape-changing metamaterial inspired by vintage toys https://techxplore.com/news/2024-08-tunable-metamaterial-vintage-toys.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-omnidirectional-wavelength-tuning-method-possibilities.html "precise broadband range tuning towards longer and shorter wavelengths of structural colors of chiral liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs) controlling areal expanding and contractive strain of  reconfigurable chiral liquid crystal elastomers in conjunction with dielectric elastomer actuators... high optical quality, ease of fabrication, scalability... enables pitch-expanding/-shortening deformation of CLCEs... tunable camouflage, optical sensing, electronic skin, more advanced and higher functional photonic devices"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-microstructural-optimize-electrode-materials-batteries.html "prevents: crystal structure elastic deformation during fast charging which deceases capacity in layered sodium-nickel-manganese oxide cathode in sodium-ion batteries... increased lifetime, reduced cost, eco-friendlier...  simulations show that this mechanical influence decisively determines the time needed for charging, enabling long-lasting quickly charging batteries... leads to widespread use of sodium-ion batteries in five to ten years' time" Related: Sodium-ion links https://sodiumbatteryhub.com/ Researchers crack a key problem with sodium-ion batteries for electric vehicles and grid energy storage https://phys.org/news/2024-09-key-problem-sodium-ion-batteries.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-high-efficiency-crystalline-white-emitting.html "fast ramping luminance, enhanced photon output, superior thermal and chemical stability, high carrier mobility... crystalline host matrix with embedded nanoaggregate CHM-NA-D structure, orange phosphorescent dopants... thermally activated delayed fluorescence... optimizes exciton formation region...  organic heterojunction effect, high-conductivity channels reducing driving voltage, maximum brightness 29173 cd m-2, external quantum efficiency 12.8%... higher brightness, lower joule heat loss" Related: Modulation of Intermolecular Interactions in Organic Emitters for Highly Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Diodes https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/chem.202401635 Uncoupling electrons from atomic vibrations, improving OLED and biomedical imaging performance https://scitechdaily.com/electrons-stand-still-as-scientists-rewrite-molecular-rules/ Researchers develop high-perfo...

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-quantum-dot-approach-electrical-solar.html "pulse-shaped light generates substantial concentrated energy at regular intervals, replacing heat treatment, saving time... absorb wide range of wavelengths, low processing costs (solution processing), excellent photoelectric properties... fewer surface defects so less charge recombination. performance deterioration... heat treatment exposing dots to light for few ms... extended traveling life of charges (electrons, holes), high efficiency... quantum dot process with excellent ripple effect... optoelectronic devices"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-industry-partners-edge-chip-technology.html   "moves intelligence from conventional cloud to smart miniaturized devices... chip enhancing halve AI connected device energy consumption, demonstrated in fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) technology... advanced semiconductor components for AI applications... wearables', smart objects' battery life increased 10X, supports IoT intense computational workloads... smart cities/ buildings/ logistics, Industry 4.0, wearables" Related: AI chips could get a sense of time with memristor that can be tuned https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-ai-chips-memristor-tuned.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-iso-propagation-vortices-optical-multiplexing.html "overcomes traditional vortex beams's limitations, exhibiting orbital angular momentum-independent propagation... maintains constant beam size enabling efficient spatial modes' utilization without requiring excessively large receivers... atmospheric turbulence resilience, enhanced transmission dynamics with reduced quality factors, 300 - 808% increased capacity, faster transmission, more efficient particle manipulation in scientific experiments, spatial mode multiplexing fiber optic networks"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-method-graphene-nanoribbons-nanoelectronics.html "catalytically grown ultra-long, -narrow twisted graphene strip-based nanoelectronic switching devices directly within isolating matrix, exhibiting semi-, super-conductivity, spontaneous electric polarization, controlled heat conduction, structural superlubricity... quantum charge carriers confined, enabling use in quantum switching devices... ultra-low friction in certain growth directions within boron-nitride crystal enabling unprecedented lengths... electronics, spintronics, advanced switching devices, quantum computing"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-04-walled-carbon-nanotubes-doped-nitrogen.html "enhanced capacity... functionalization/ colloidal dispersion facilitating incorporation of nitrogen onto carbon nanotube (graphene encapsulated) surface, accelerating lithium-ion movement to silicon, enhancing charging speed/ stability across numerous charge/discharge cycles... maintains >82% performance after 100 charge/discharge cycles, compared to only 30% for conventional, eliminating need for conventional conductive additives (carbon black)... solid-state batteries, where lithium diffusion speed critical"

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240422120637.htm "lithium salt LiDFOB electrolyte and conventional electrodes: high performance, production under ambient conditions, recycling... potentially record-breaking low 0.16 mol/L salt content but sufficiently high 4.6 mS/cm ionic conductivity... inorganic-dominated, robust interphase layer forms on LCO and graphite electrodes, enabling outstanding cycling stability in half and full cells... water, air-stable "

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-04-team-voltage-aqueous-rechargeable-batteries.html "aqueous electrolyte much cheaper, safer... increasing voltage while avoiding potentially dangerous battery-swelling hydrogen build-up... applied organic catechol to electrolyte, changing electron transfer model from normal inner sphere transfer in electrolyte to outer sphere transfer, resulting in water molecules being more stable and hydrogen build-up controlled... 2X energy of lithium, smaller, charges much faster, many times greater recharging cycle life... 2X increased voltage window, 1.5 - 3X better performance" Related: Flowless zinc-bromine battery set o find usage in energy storage https://www.saurenergy.com/ev-storage/zinc-bromine-batteries-set-to-find-usage-in-energy-storage Researchers overcome critical challenges in developing fire-risk-free aqueous zinc batteries https://techxplore.com/news/2024-09-critical-free-aqueous-zinc-batteries.html DGIST created a triple-layer battery re...

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-uncovers-technologies-unveil-energy-efficient.html "optical switches processing information using small amount of light and no electricity: faster, 100X less energy (1/10th to 1 femtojoule... prototype based on non-linear response may pave way for quantum communications... high-quality optimized exfoliated flakes... increase energy efficiency down to smallest amount of electromagnetic energy enabling quantum communications encoding information using light, which cannot be intercepted without altering its quantum state, enhancing data security"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-physicists-optical-component-6g.html "THz splitting, as modulator, generator of THz vortex beams... 2 varifocal Fresnel zone plates side by side rotated relative to each other, enabling focusing THz radiation and tuning plate's properties by stretching... thin film carbon nanotube based plate twists wavefront of THz passing through it... changing radiation intensity distribution, splitting beam into several modes of different intensities for information transfer channels... interaction of different nanotube patterns... medicine (X-ray alternative), 6G, microscopy"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-team-electromagnetic-absorbers-strong-absorption.html "compounds MOFs (enhancing dielectric and magnetic losses in GHz.) with thermoplastic polyurethane producing high-performance and broadband-absorption composite... solvothermal method, then compounded with thermoplastic polyurethane producing electromagnetic wave absorbing, reaching -52.29 dB, 99.999% absorption at 10 GHz, 1.9 mm thickness... stealth technology, autonomous driving, communication, electromagnetic pollution prevention, shielding, heat dissipation"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-optical-hot-carriers-enables-ultrafast.html "combines metal nanoplasmons' high-speed response with semiconductors' optoelectronic modulation... modulates gold's charge density, nanogaps' conductivity, rendering reversible and ultrafast switching of plasmon resonances, for nanophotonic chips' optoelectronic switches... prepared Au@Cu2-xS core-shell nanoparticles characterizing microstructure... sol-gel yields different shell thicknesses, ideal carrier for realizing ultrafast dynamic control of nanoscale plasmons... stable photonic computing, interconnection"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-terminal-diode-wireless-communication-optically.html "as light emitter modulates light intensity, adjusting bias applied to third terminal, increasing modulation bandwidth... as photodetector utilizes voltage and incident light as inputs establishing reconfigurable NAND and NOR optoelectronic logic gates... faster, more efficient, reliable, enhances modulation bandwidth >64%... high-speed optical wireless communication"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-world-smallest-quantum-detector-silicon.html "making quantum technologies in existing commercial facilities... circuit size 80 X 220 µm... room temperature... increased speed 10X, reduced footprint by a factor of 50... key to measuring quantum light is sensitivity to quantum noise, revealing information about kind of quantum light, and how sensitive an optical sensor can be, and it can be used to mathematically reconstruct quantum states... sensing (gravitational wave detectors), high-speed: quantum communications and optical quantum computers"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-discovery-magnetism-common-material-microelectronics.html "Nickel monosilicide: elusive form of magnetic order, consisting of magnetic spins... magnetism persists at temperatures well above electronics' operating temperatures, can be flipped with small magnetic fields... primarily non-centrosymmetric (lacking inversion symmetry) and antiferromagnetic with slight canting of spins yielding very small uncompensated magnetization, crucial to observed anomalous Hall effect (coupling of the magnetic and electronic properties)... reliable, fast, small, low cost... computers, magnetic memory"

https://en.prnasia.com/releases/global/intelligent-energy-unveils-new-hydrogen-fuel-cell-to-unlock-a-zero-emission-future-for-passenger-cars-447112.shtml "commercially-viable, turnkey... 157kW (more powerful than passenger car alternatives), 30% smaller heat exchanger creates packaging benefits for car manufacturers... simpler direct water injection system – which removes the need for a humidifier – allows the component count and bill of materials to be reduced... shaped like traditional engine, includes stack, electronic control unit, heat exchanger and Balance of Plant... cost around US$125/ kW by 2030, cheaper than BEV and comparable to ICE"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-digital-transactions-quantum-safe-faster.html "efficiently implementing Falcon post-quantum digital signature for graphic processing units... assuming a major e-commerce website processes 583,000 orders/ second during peak time, conducting 2 signature verifications for each transaction in 1 second, it must handle up to 583,000 signature generations and 1,166,000 verifications... all e-commerce and IoT transactions benefit from acceleration, needing to process millions of digital signatures per second on the server side during the peak time"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1044028 "boost solar receivers' efficiency attaching synthetic semitransparent quartz rod to energy absorbing opaque silicon disk as an energy absorber exposed to 136 suns energy flux... (unshielded) receiver has efficiency of 40% at 1,200°C, with concentration of 500 suns... receiver shielded with 300 mm of quartz achieves 70% efficiency at same temperature and concentration... glass, steel, cement, ceramics"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-scientists-optical-conveyor-belt-quasiparticles.html "interference between 2 lasers creating dynamic potential energy landscape moving polaritons in semiconductor-based microcavities at 0.1%  light speed, driving polaritons into laser-like in semiconductor:  rapid modulation of energy landscape resulting in introduction of synthetic dimension... controls energy landscape concretely: lattice depths, interactions between neighboring particles... dissipationless optical waveguiding without energy loss, topological photonic devices: quantum metrology, quantum information"

https://decarbonfuse.com/posts/fighting-climate-change-with-used-gas-syzygy-plasmonics-and-rti-achieve-breakthrough-in-co2-to-fuel-conversion "can be used in existing engines... utilizes light-driven reactors converting captured exhaust into syngas fed into Fischer-Tropsch unit, refining into aviation fuel, diesel, gasoline, methanol... scalable large-scale CO2-to-Fuel plants" Related: Carbon dioxide, the main culprit of global warming, reborn as an antioxidant substance https://phys.org/news/2024-05-carbon-dioxide-main-culprit-global.html New study offers a cleaner path for controlling water, transforming greenhouse gases https://phys.org/news/2024-05-cleaner-path-greenhouse-gases.html New sulfur-free catalyst enables efficient green diesel production https://phys.org/news/2024-05-sulfur-free-catalyst-enables-efficient.html Researchers develop photocatalyst with irregular surface characteristics to convert carbon dioxide into fuel https://phys.org/news/2024-06-photocatalyst-...

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-generation-sustainable-electronics-doped-air.html "dipping conductive plastic (instead of silicon) into salt solution, room temperature photocatalyst dopants (light activated oxygen analogous with photosynthesis) enhances conductivity), inducing positive (p-doping) or negative (n-doping) charges, electron transfer from dopant to organic semiconductor... solution recovered leaving behind p-doped conductive plastic... p- and n-doping in same reaction, parallel manufacturing (scalable)... thermoelectrics, digital displays, solar cells, LEDs, sensors, implants, energy storage" See also: Scientists in Sweden make breakthrough with 'doping' semiconductors: 'It's a very promising approach' https://www.yahoo.com/tech/scientists-sweden-breakthrough-doping-semiconductors-040000231.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-insulating-material-semimetal.html "exposing insulator to ultrafast laser pulses (10 fs) alters electron movement through photoexcitation above threshold fluence using titanium diselenide insulator that looks like metal (bright, reflects light)... transforms into semimetal for just under 500 fs... as soon as laser interrupted, returns to original state... enables devices change from insulating to semi-metallic in very short time, furthering powerful computers processing complex calculations quickly using light instead of electric fields"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-advancing-transistor-technology-triply-degenerate.html "facilitate van der Waals contacts simplifying fabrication, leading to air stability, long-term performance, mobility... PtBi2 flakes as interlayer contact between metal electrodes, WS2 semiconductor... switching ratio >106, average mobility 85 cm²V⁻¹s⁻¹... optimize interplay between miniaturization, performance... reduces Schottky barrier, avoids Fermi pinning effect...uses non-destructive van der Waals transfer, maintaining material and interface integrity... energy-efficient, highly functional transistors, optoelectronics, spintronics"

https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2024/04/breakthrough-lightsolver-makes-ultrafast-laser-based-computers.html "challenges processing times of quantum and supercomputers, laser array represents 100 continuous variables tackling problems with up to 120^100 combinations... converts mathematical problem into physical logic formulation, maps into obstacles within lasers’ optics... coupled lasers interact with each other seamlessly converging towards minimal energy-loss solution corresponding to solution... scanning all possibilities in parallel... mimics quantum annealing utilizing lasers' multimodes and phases"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-surface-acoustic-techniques-surfing-quantum.html "pairing light and sound particles to convert qubits to optical fields transmitted long distances... surface acoustic waves: vibrations gliding like waves along materials' exterior... acoustic cavities (echo chambers) strongly couple surface acoustic waves with light... simple to fabricate, small, handle large amounts of power... works on piezoelectrics, which can be electrically controlled, or any material... hybrid quantum computing, spectroscopy, as sensors, and to study condensed matter physics"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-complex-quantum-graph-states-photons.html "loss of photons increases exponentially with transmission length, but light quanta entangled forming quantum message more stable graphing entanglement between several quantum bits, in form ladder-shaped configuration of entangled qubits, enabling quantum information redundancy,... formulae nodes symbolize quantum bits, lines between them entanglement... captured 2 rubidium-87 atoms in optical cavity preparing 1D graph state with both atoms, in which the atom is entangled with many photons, fused into 1"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-exceptionally-large-transverse-thermoelectric-effect.html "substantially larger transverse thermoelectric energy conversion between electric and heat currents that flow orthogonally... simple structures, long service lives, lower manufacturing costs... tightly stacked, paired thermoelectric silicon substrate capable of exhibiting a large Seebeck effect and magnetic 2D iron-gallium alloy, using optimum thickness ratio enabling electricity flow across them... maximum output 15.2 μV/K, 6X larger than that generated by anomalous Nernst effect... energy harvesting, heat flux sensing"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-04-method-high-efficiency-guest-components.html "guest component introduced into host binary system... designed/ synthesized 3 asymmetrical non-fullerene acceptors with different electrostatic potential distributions, as guest acceptors in D18:N3 host system... large ESP difference between guest acceptor and host system leads to strong intermolecular interactions and high miscibility between them, improving blend film luminescent efficiency and electroluminescence quantum yield, reducing voltage loss, more effective charge transport... 18.93% PCE, 0.236 eV voltage loss" Related: New chemical synthesis technique could improve organic solar cell efficiency https://techxplore.com/news/2024-06-chemical-synthesis-technique-solar-cell.html Scientists achieve 20% efficiency in organic solar cells with new molecular design https://techxplore.com/news/2024-06-scientists-efficiency-solar-cells-molecular.html Stacking molecules like plates improves organ...

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-topological-phonons-vibrations.html "predict opological phonon existence in approximately 5K materials... solid-state materials' nontrivial band topologies, leading to phonon surface states complementing/ enhancing electronic surface states... 50% of materials exhibit at least one non-trivial gap... facilitates strong surface electron-phonon coupling, potentially leading to surface superconductivity... frequency filtering, mechanical energy attenuation under imperfect conditions, heat transfer and IR photoelectronics, phonon diodes or acoustic waveguides"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-bio-materials-potential-efficient-mass.html "leaf, blood vessel vein structure inspires maximizing ion or mass transfer processes through highly porous materials maximizing mass transfer based on Universal Murray's Law... minimum energy efficient fluid transport maintaining laminar flow, considering hierarchical channels's flow resistance... tested using porous graphene aerogel, varying pore sizes and shapes by controlling ice crystals... light variation in shape enabled faster gas sensor response... energy storage (batteries), catalysis, sensing (of gas)"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-loss-polarization-independent-optical-colorless.html "reconfigurable optical colorless add-drop multiplexer (ROADM), greater flexibility, compact, robust single-chip... balances dense integration, low insertion loss, polarization-independent... 32 inputs x 4 ports... high-index doped silica glass... 188 MZI-type switch elements... waveguides distributed across 2 vertical layers allowing waveguides to cross over each other, reducing crosstalk to <-50 dB for express channels, -40 dB for add/drop channels... optical neural networks, integrated quantum photonics"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-scientists-chicken-fat-energy-storage.html "cheap, eco-friendly... soot from rendered chicken fat carbon-based nanostructures, uniform spherical lattices of concentric graphite rings... enhance electrical characteristics soaking in thiourea solution... assembled into  asymmetric supercapacitor negative electrode, nanoparticles demonstrated good capacitance and durability, as well as high energy and power density. As predicted, these properties were improved further when the electrodes were made of the thiourea-treated carbon nanoparticles... light up red, green, blue LEDs"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1044240 "ultrathin, self-cleaning, efficient, 97% cellulose solar reflectance, 92.5% IR emissivity in atmospheric transparency window, sub-ambient temperature drop 6.9 °C under direct sunlight, hierarchical porous structure, chemical bonds enable high optical performance... freeze-casting, hot-pressing develops cellulose nanowhiskers reinforced with zinc oxide forming composite aerogel film... anti-dust, hydrophobic with contact angle 133°... sustainable thermal regulation" Related: NUS researchers develop new aerogels for radiative cooling and the absorption of electromagnetic waves https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/nus-researchers-develop-new-aerogels-for-radiative-cooling-and-the-absorption-of-electromagnetic-waves-302163032.html New fabric cools people in sweltering cities https://www.anthropocenemagazine.org/2024/06/this-cooling-fabric-keeps-people-cool-in-sweltering-cities/ Breakthroughs in Thermal Photonics Enable Efficie...

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-common-soft-magnets-generation-thermoelectric.html "common iron-based amorphous alloy transformed into transverse thermoelectric, converting electric and thermal currents in orthogonal directions...  simplifies thermoelectric conversion device structure enhancing versatility, durability, lowering cost... significantly improves anomalous Nernst effect coefficient and performance due to nano-sized copper precipitates within alloy... easily mass-produced, scalable, flexible... energy conversions in electronic devices, thermal sensing technologies" Related: KAIST develops thread-like, flexible thermoelectric materials applicable in extreme environments​ https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/106230

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-parity-symmetry-faster-stronger-optical.html "combination of optical nonlinear effects, integrated photonics platforms, and high-intensity light field enables efficient nonlinear optical signal processing control... microresonator manipulating light using parity-time symmetry, employed to reduce power requirement, can boost efficiency without scarifying speed, using coupled microresonator system, 1 microresonator half length of other.... high-speed data processing >38 Gb/s, intrinsic linewidths as narrow as 1 GHz... 2 orders magnitude improved efficiency"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-phononics-materials-smaller-powerful-wireless.html "100X smaller (smartphone size of earbuds), require less signal strength, power... transmitting mechanical vibrations through material at frequencies much too high to hear... combines semiconductor and piezoelectric to generate giant nonlinear interactions between phonons, 1 beam can change another beam's frequency... avoids losses from having to go back and forth between radio and sound waves, that add up degrading performance... phonons can be manipulated in ways that used to only be realized with transistors"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-ai-holography-3d-augmented-reality.html "cameras mounted on headset exterior capture world in real time, combined with computed imagery, result projected to user's eye stereoscopically... augmented VR, not true AR... AI improves depth cues in holographic images, then using advances in nanophotonics/ waveguide display technologies, project computed holograms onto lenses... gaming, entertainment, planning of delicate/ complex surgery or airplane mechanic's work"

https://www.metaltechnews.com/story/2024/05/08/tech-bytes/nano-thin-ferroelectric-power-breakthrough/1750.html "30 nm thick ferroelectric capacitors: 3D core between 2D layers deposited with chemical and non-chemical bonds between each layer... up to 19X higher energy density, low loss (doesn't polarize), efficiency >90%, metamaterial, rapid charge/ discharge capacity... 2-layer molybdenum disulfide and barium titanate... balance between conductivity/ non-conductivity... tiny gaps adjust charge dissipation properties"

https://electrek.co/2024/05/08/dc-to-dc-solar-powered-ev-charger/ "TLCEV T1: up to 12.5 kW of DC charging 2X as fast... 20% energy savings, bypasses EV’s internal conversion electronics... integrates EV charging directly into solar canopies and carports, can be connected to existing home PV string inverter but not microinverter... doesn’t rely on grid, so no lengthy permitting... provides NACS and CCS-1 options, 25' cable... early-bird price $2,249... does system work as grid-tie inverter as well?" Related: DC to DC charging. One more step to off grid living! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDJFFEXqKAU Israeli Startup Partners With California Mobility Center On EV Power https://nocamels.com/2024/08/israeli-startup-partners-with-california-mobility-center-on-ev-power/

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-physicists-atomic-scale-telegraphy.html "light oscillogram jumping between 2 atoms measured with temporal precision faster than single oscillation cycle of the lightwave... lengthscales of single atoms, timescales faster than trillionth of second... sharp tip acting as antenna focuses light into tiny gap between tip apex and near-field region sample surface... quantum wave-particle duality manifests...  oscillating electric light field flushes tunneling electrons... all-optical signal measurement... could spark revolution in information transfer. devices of tomorrow.

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-scientists-black-arsenic-visible-infrared.html "high carrier mobility, dependent on layer thickness, visible and IR photoconductive, n-type depletion-mode field effect transistor, good Ohmic contact... peak photoresponsivity 387.3 mA·W−1 at a near-IR wavelength of 825 nm without the need for an external bias, and achieved a high detectivity of 1.37×108 Jones. The response mechanism across the visible to infrared spectrum is primarily attributed to the photoconductive effect... high-speed optoelectronics, room-temperature broadband photodetection"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-high-efficiency-photonic-circuit.html "scalable, low cost wafer-bonding 2D lithium tantalate, masked with diamond-like carbon... etched optical waveguides, modulators, high quality factor microresonators, achieved combining deep UV photolithography and dry-etching, optical loss rate 5.6 dB/m at telecom wavelength... electro-optic Mach-Zehnder modulator of high-speed optical fiber communication with half-wave voltage-length product of 1.9 V cm, electro-optical bandwidth 40 GHz... parallel coherent LiDAR, photonic computing" Related: A manufacturable platform for photonic quantum computing https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.17570

https://news.mit.edu/2024/optigon-seizing-bright-solar-future-0506 "enhancing silicon’s and/ or perovskite's solar conversion capacity... identifying missing/ defective optical, electrical, dimensional properties in nano-sized crystal structures, optimization... instant non-contact optical measurements using different types of light sources/ detectors in football-sized device providing holistic, cross-sectional view as material flows underneath... increase PV, battery, fuel cell production yields, reducing materials/ energy (and their costs) wasted in conventional optimization"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-high-throughput-device-potential-advanced.html "creates highly controllable reaction conditions, fast fully automated, parallel synthesis producing series of materials made in subtly different ways... better than exfoliation or deposition... induces chemical reactions through mechanical forces reducing/ eliminating need for toxic solvents, programmed to deliver different mechanical forces in each vessel, using standard equipment... new formulations using nanomaterials made from single elements (graphene), or compounds such as copper oxide, polymers, or crystals"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-super-pure-silicon-chip-path.html "phosphorous atom qubits implanted into pure stable silicon crystals house, protect qubits sustaining quantum coherence much longer, enabling complex calculations, greatly reduced need for error correction... directed focused, pure silicon-28 high-speed beam at silicon chip so silicon-28 gradually replaced silicon-29 reducing silicon-29 from 4.5% to 2 ppm (0.0002%)... goal to demonstrate sustaining quantum coherence for many qubits simultaneously in 30 qubit computer... highly accurate, scalable quantum computers" Related: Google Quantum AI demonstrates a quantum memory system that greatly reduces error rates https://phys.org/news/2024-09-google-quantum-ai-memory-greatly.html Quantum algorithm adopted by Google and IBM https://techxplore.com/news/2024-09-quantum-algorithm-google-ibm.html New classical algorithm enhances understanding of quantum computing's future https://phys.org/news/2024-09-classical-algori...

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-ultrathin-samples-surface-phonon-polariton.html "IR photoinduced quartz force spectral response of quartz follows real rather than imaginary part of quartz dielectric function due to quartz's unique surface phonon polariton extremely enhancing photoinduced dipole force... more conspicuous signal variation with respect to sample thickness... PiDF can be employed for sensitive nano-IR imaging of 2D samples under nanocavity geometry with improved contrast, sensitivity... high-resolution nanoimaging crystals, polymer/ bio molecules with known vibrational mode frequencies"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-microcapacitors-ultrahigh-energy-power-density.html "2D hafnium oxide and zirconium oxide chips... material processed directly on top of microprocessors... 1 layer of dielecric is negative capacitance material enabling increased overall capacitance... grown by atomic layer deposition using standard materials/ techniques... tuning balances films at tipping point between ferroelectric and antiferroelectric enabling negative capacitance and polarization by even small electric field... 9X higher energy density, 170X higher power density."

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-graphene-material-implantable-technology.html "more conductive, thinner, lighter, stronger, more flexible than graphene... imparting chirality enabling interaction in unique ways with cells and protein precursors... various polymorphic structures of borophene interact with cells differently, uniquely dictating cellular internalization pathways... borophene platelets made subjecting boron powders to high-energy sound waves, mixing in different amino acids in liquid imparting chirality... effective magnetic and electronic control... health care, sustainable energy"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-unveil-shot-polarization-imaging-metasurfaces.html "Mueller matrix (active polarization) imaging, capture most complete polarization response of an object by controlling incident polarization... simplified 2 thin metasurfaces furthers polarization imaging, 1 illuminates object using polarized structured light reflecting off or transmitting through object being illuminated changing beam polarization profile, other captures/ analyzes the light... no moving parts or bulk polarization optics,.. enables real-time advanced imaging... biomedical, AR, VR, smart phones, target detection"

https://phys.org/news/2024-04-photons-cavity.html "atomic recoil from atom interacting with photon was dampened by atoms exchanging momentum by exchanging corresponding photons. within mirrored cavity... this momentum-exchange interaction induces one-axis twisting (OAT), an aspect of quantum entanglement, between atomic momentum states... reduces quantum noise from multiple atoms, enabling entanglement momentum states improving measurements by quantum sensors, such as of gravitational waves... also mitigates Doppler shift... improve quantum devices" Related: Researchers create entangled quantum magnets with protected quantum excitations https://phys.org/news/2024-08-entangled-quantum-magnets.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-04-physicists-key-hurdles-fusion-reactions.html "raising reactor plasma density while also keeping it stable... contained plasma as density increased using additional magnets, deuterium bursts, where needed... higher densities at core than near edges, deeping plasma from escaping... held state for 2.2 seconds (validating) during which average density >20% over Greenwald limit theoretical barrier predicted to mark the point at which adding pressure would escape the magnetic field holding the plasma in place... plasma stability H98y2 above 1 (validating)" See also:  Two seconds of hope for fusion power https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/05/two-seconds-of-hope-for-fusion-power/ Related: Start-up Helical Fusion plans world’s first steady-state fusion reactor for 2034 launch ( https://tribune.com.pk/story/2492333/japan-start-up-plans-worlds-first-steady-state-fusion-reactor-for-2034-launch

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-tweaking-isotopes-approach-semiconductors.html "precise control changing physical, chemical, technological properties... grew isotopically pure molybdenum disulfide using molybdenum atoms of different masses, causing small shifts in light emitted by crystals under photoexcitation... substituted heavier molybdenum isotope in crystal, enabling creating optoelectronic solar cells, photodetectors, computers... scattering shifts bandgap to red for heavier isotopes... adjusting bandgap enables different colors, essential for designing new devices"

  https://phys.org/news/2024-05-pure-chiral-materials.html "move spin information through material without having to move associated charge, saving energy... success depends on angle between spin polarization and chiral axis... 2 equally effective methods inject pure spin into 2 chiral cobalt oxide thin films, each with different chirality: microwave particle excitation and ultrafast laser heating... when pure spin aligned either parallel or anti-parallel to chiral axis, its ability to pass through material improved 3000%... energy-efficient spintronic devices for data storage, communication, computing"

https://www.nrel.gov/news/press/2024/nrel-proof-of-concept-shows-path-to-easier-recycling-of-solar-modules.html "femtosecond laser welds edges of glass together, forming glass-to-glass welds for solar modules makes panels easier to recycle, eliminating need for plastic polymer sheets that make recycling more difficult... can be used on any type of solar technology—silicon, perovskites, cadmium telluride... such femtosecond laser  glass/glass welds as strong as glass itself... superior strength with hermetic sealing, low cost... extend the life of solar modules to beyond 50 years and to allow easier recycling" Related: Dead solar panels get a greener 2nd life with saltwater solution: Study https://interestingengineering.com/energy/solar-panel-recycling-etching-method?utm Solar panels recycled with 99% efficiency without toxic chemicals in Italy https://interestingengineering.com/energy/solar-panel-recycling-9tech New recycling process can recover up to 99.97% of materials in p...

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-physicists-optical-tweezer-array-individual.html "control of 3-atom CaOH molecule in vacuum just below 100 microkelvin, then using optical tweezer (laser) arrays separating them enabling manipulation of 1 molecule at a time into quantum ground state... image an individual molecule, which proved that a given tweezer was loaded without destruction... control each molecule's vibration, rotation, nuclear spin... imaged the molecule once again to learn more about the outcome... technique could also be used with other three-atom molecules" Related: New self-powered electrostatic tweezer enhances object manipulation and microfluidics https://phys.org/news/2024-07-powered-electrostatic-tweezer-microfluidics.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-memory-transistor-photocrosslinker-molecular-adjust.html "light-triggered chemical linkage between molecular switch molecule and polymeric organic polymer semiconductor... at molecular switch's diarylethene terminus, combining an azide and a diazirine, stabilized >1 million seconds in deep-trapped state, photoprogrammable on-off switching ratios >1,000 at 22 V, stability through >100 cycles... microelectronics, optoelectronics... memory transistors, impacting data storage and processing technologies profoundly"

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3259756/chinese-team-makes-quantum-leap-chip-design-new-light-source "low-cost manufacturing, more compact and rugged... grew 2D GaN on sapphire layer, etched 120 nm ring in film allowing light particles from laser beams to travel around ring... fed IR into film, some light particles trapped becoming resonant in pairs, entangled quantum light source wavelengths 25.6 to 100 nm carrying information... all-on-chip quantum photonic ICs... GaN also useful for making other components of a quantum circuit, including pump laser, light particle detectors" Related: 1200V and Rising: Scientists Push the Limits of High-Performance GaN Semiconductors https://scitechdaily.com/1200v-and-rising-scientists-push-the-limits-of-high-performance-gan-semiconductors/ Infineon successfully manufactures 300mm power gallium nitride wafers https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/infineon-successfully-manufactures-300mm-power-gallium-nitride-wafers/

https://www.ecoticias.com/en/15-liter-hydrogen-engine/1551/ "heavy duty engines: trucks, generators... high-pressure hydrogen tanks, PEM fuel cells, emits no emissions, up to 1150 lb-ft torque, 15 minute refueling... on par with its diesel counterparts... hydrogen fuel cell system at 1,500 lbs. weighs less than 10,000 lb. diesel engine with aftertreatment system" Related: Hyosung’s Breakthrough with Hydrogen Engine Power Generator https://energynews.biz/hyosungs-breakthrough-with-hydrogen-engine-power-generator/ Hydrogen Power Generator https://www.sqhydrogen.com/hydrogen-generator/hydrogen-power-generator.html PowerUP unveils a new kind of energy system, with fuel cells and super batteries https://investinestonia.com/powerup-unveils-a-new-kind-of-energy-system-with-fuel-cells-and-super-batteries/ America and China are wasting their time with EVs: Rolls-Royce has unveiled a revolutionary engine https://www.eldiario24.com/en/rolls-royce-mtu-hydrogen-engines/2762/ This Korean C...

https://www.global.hokudai.ac.jp/blog/cost-effective-high-capacity-and-cyclable-lithium-ion-battery-cathodes/ "lithium-superrich iron oxide cathode cyclability improved doped with small amounts of aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, or sulfur, due to formation of strong covalent bonds between dopant and oxygen... problematic oxygen release less energetically favorable so less likely...  improvements in the cathode’s energy capacity, stability and the cycling between charging and discharging phases, showing an increase in capacity retention from 50% to 90%" Related: Iron could be key to less expensive greener lithium-ion batteries, research finds https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-iron-key-expensive-greener-lithium.html Ultra-stable layered oxide cathodes could boost battery performance https://techxplore.com/news/2024-08-ultra-stable-layered-oxide-cathodes.html

https://www.uni-leipzig.de/en/newsdetail/artikel/leipzig-physicists-show-that-light-can-generate-electricity-even-in-translucent-materials-2024-04-29 "drive electric currents by light even when material absorbs little of such light, usable in opto-electronic and photovoltaics... Floquet Fermi liquid state of many quantum mechanical particles that can become superconductors of electricity at low temperatures.. Floquet Fermi liquid is a variant of this state realised when the particles of the fluid are periodically shaken, such as what happens to electrons in metals when they are illuminated by ideally periodic light... complex states of electrons shaken by light"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-device-foundation-quantum.html "microwave circulator for use in quantum computers, enabling precisely tuning exact degree nonreciprocity between qubit and microwave-resonant... nonreciprocity giving access to data without power to alter, controlled by circulator, which has model containing 6 parameters applicable to many devices... device looks like "Y" with circulator at center, 1 leg resonant superconducting cavity hosting electromagnetic field, other leg holds qubit, printed on sapphire chip, final leg output port"

https://phys.org/news/2024-05-potential-2d-magnetic-devices-future.html "control 2D chromium triiodide van der Waals magnetic tunnel junction sandwiched between 2 graphene layers... sending tunneling current through sandwich, direction of magnet's orientation dictated within individual chromium triiodide layers... also induces, manipulates probabilistic bit switching between metastable spin states, (stochastic switching)... naturally tolerant to errors, simple, compact, 3 orders magnitude less energy, fast, powerful, stores more data" Related: Fundamental and photodetector application of van der Waals Schottky junctions https://phys.org/news/2024-05-fundamental-photodetector-application-van-der.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-04-exploiting-disorder-harvest-energy-potentialities.html   "spin-entropy impacts 2D magnet's thermoelectric properties... thermoelectrics devices efficiency increased by (1) increased entropy (disorder), (2) In 2D magnetic materials, magnetic order, generating spin-entropy contribution, (3) number of layers charge carrier accesses in 2D layered material, producing additional layer entropy... 2D antiferromagnet CrSBr... thermoelectric response increases with temperature as electrons and spins mobilize, reaching local maximum around magnetic phase transition Néel temperature