Today's Tech News: Notable or Not?

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-materials-nano-semiconductors-game-changer.html "made from stable, tunable, inorganic cadmium-based semiconductor compounds... nanoclusters processed into thin films demonstrat circular dichroism (chirality)... controlling film's drying geometry controls structure/ chirality... meniscus-guided evaporation twists linear nanocluster assemblies into helical shapes with light-matter response 2 orders magnitude larger... interact with light from UV to IR... holographic 3D displays, room-temperature quantum computing, ultra-low-power devices, or medical diagnostics"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-world-scalable-photonic-quantum-prototype.html "modular design starts with basic box using just a few qubits for simplest applications, adding more forming network as single computer... 4 server rack prototype using 84 squeezers, resulted in 12 qubits... 1st rack different than others, holding input lasers, others house quantum components divided into 5 main subsystems: sources, where the photon-based qubits are created; buffering system that storeing qubits; refinery multiplexing qubits; and QPU... room temperature, no cooling needed... high fault tolerance"

" https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1072275 combines 2 functionalities: coupling between electric polarization and physical strain (piezoelectric effect), and coupling between physical strain/ magnetization... activates coupling between electric polarization and magnetization (magnetoelastic effect) at high temperatures, the most useful functionality of multiferroics... raises working temperature of multiferroics, enabling them to operate stably at room temperature or higher. This breakthrough could lead to power-saving spintronics devices, advanced optical devices, and more"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-advance-paves-generation-diamond-based.html "transistor remains switched off by default... diamond has wide band gap, capable of handling much higher voltages than silicon... previous switches good staying off/ not so good providing current on demand, or vice-versa... coating diamond surface in hydrogen atoms followed by layers of aluminum oxide... requires 6V to switch on, 2X performance... low diamond production cost... power grid, EVs... future: scalability"

https://sololef.com.ar/general-motors-bold-leap-a-game-changing-breakthrough-in-clean-ev-batteries/ "eliminates harmful Polyvinylidene fluoride/ polyvinylidene difluoride, and N-Methylpyrrolidone from battery production, using safer water/ alcohol... Neocarbonix proprietary sustainable carbon structure combined with water/ alcohol... better performance/ longer operational durations"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071476 "scalable, eco-friendly... heat produced enables record-high cooling based on electrochemical redox reactions involving dissolved iron ions which lose an electron/ absorb heat, and in other phase gain electron/ release heat... hydrated iron salt containing perchlorate helped iron ions dissolve/ dissociate in solvent containing nitriles rather than pure water, improving hydrogalvanic cell’s cooling power by 70%... cool the surrounding electrolyte by 1.42°K... wearable cooling, industrial"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071996 "introducing large organic cations into tin perovskite crystals forming 2D layered Ruddlesden-Popper solar cells... hole/ electron transport layers surround perovskite crystal... when no light irradiated holes diffuse from hole transport layer, leading to energy barrier formation, suppressing electron backflow, improving performance... under sunlight irradiation, electrons moved to hole transport layer, attributable to high-energy electrons produced by UV, increasing energy barrier further improving efficiency" Related: Performance -Improvement Mechanisms of Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells https://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/en/research-news/20250109190000.html Professor Zhou Huanping's team at Peking University releases groundbreaking papers on perovskite solar cells in Science journal. https://www.lifetechnology.com/blogs/life-technology-technology-news/professor-zhou-huanpings-team-unveils-breakthrough-in-perovskite-solar-cells?s...

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071780 "holes in alternating layers of silicon oxide/ silicon nitride...plasma source of high-energy ions... keeping wafer semiconductor to be processed at low temperature... hydrogen fluoride gas creates plasma for cryo-etching at 640 nm per minute... improved etching quality... 4X etch rate by adding phosphorus trifluoride (only marginal increase with silicon nitride)... ammonium fluorosilicate slows etching, but water can offset this effect by weakening ammonium fluorosilicate bonds/ lowering temperature, accelerating etching"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071999   "convert electrical signals into vibrations/ ripples through piezoelectric effect, enabling efficient signal processing... nanoscale magnetic material periodic array that waves go through, creates asymmetrical diffraction phenomenon (nonreciprocal diffraction) previously observed only in optics, arising from interaction with magnetic materials specifically related to angular momenta... enables precise control of propagation paths using magnetic fields... mobile phones"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-electrons-graphene-fractional-quantum-hall.html "more efficient/ faster electronic devices... quantum memory processing complex computations... 2 slightly twisted graphene layers... prevents electrons crossing layers, creating strong Coulomb interactions between layers... electrons move as if in 3 parts... strong interactions between electrons as they push/ pull between layers... quantum computer technologies... future: implement similar conditions in non-magnetic field environment"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-avenues-quantum-supramolecular-chemistry-qubit.html "molecular spintronic qubits... 2nd spin center creates light-induced quartet state... high effort required to synthesize covalently bonded networks overcome, enabling non-covalent bonds to allow efficient spin communication.,, perylenediimide chromophore and nitroxide radical self-assemble into functional units in solution by means of hydrogen bonds, forming spin qubit ordered network enabling new molecular combinations, scalability, optimization, without major synthetic effort... spintronics, quantum sensing"

https://www.pv-tech.org/unsw-claims-world-record-efficiency-for-kesterite-solar-cell/ "low cost, non-toxic, combining copper, zinc, tin, sulphur... maintain PV performance over longer period... number of defects created during production overcomes by annealing (heat-treating) in hydrogen, turning it into a material you can use as a semiconductor. Because hydrogen is modulating the defects within CZTS, that’s what helps increase its efficiency in terms of converting sunlight into electricity... break the 15% threshold in the next year. The technology would then be commercialised by 2030"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-scientists-experimental-dual-entangling-gates.html "mitigates without complex additional components, using dual-type qubits encoding quantum information across 2 types of quantum states, increasing flexibility while reducing undesirable crosstalk between qubits/ 96.3% operational fidelity... 1 type carrying quantum information, other for auxiliary operations, entangling qubits encoded in these 2 types... single 532 nm laser drives Raman transitions... future: better optical path stabilization, better trap frequency locking... scalable, reliable quantum computers"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-exploring-qubit-gemstone-spinel.html "retains quantum information through atomic defects trapping electron spins, isolating qubits stable enough for manipulation... magnetic or electric fields control spin... directed laser beam onto material exciting it, then measuring photoluminescence... cerium center holds qubit information at 4°K under 500 mT magnetic field... demonstrates initialization, detection... future: demonstrate manipulation/ control of spin qubit for emerging quantum applications across sensing, communication, computing. quantum technologies"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-deepseek-chinese-ai-firm-silicon.html "trained using only a fraction of the chips used by its Western competitors... spent only $5.6 million developing their model... uses a large-language model... open source... example of spending a little money to do great things"

  https://phys.org/news/2025-01-combining-graphene-nanodiamonds-microplasma-devices.html "decorating graphene sheets with more stable nanodiamonds <100 nm for use as electrodes... plasma by generating strong electric field between electrode pairs... excellent lifetime stability in severe plasma environments... irradiating carbon-rich polymer sheet with powerful laser, transforming into graphene sheets, then surface decorated with diamonds reducing decay, using drop-casting... enabled service as stable cathode for long time... easy, cost-effective... sterilizing/ healing wounds, analyzing chemicals, displaying images"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069568 "weeks of highly skilled work now hours/ minutes... unusual/ unintuitive circuit patterns, marked improvements over even best standard chips... more energy efficient, broader frequency range... AI sometimes hallucinates elements that don’t work, requiring some human oversight... AI discovers/ designs complex electromagnetic structures co-designed with circuits creating broadband amplifiers... future: linking multiple structures and designing entire wireless chips with the AI system"

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-machine-tasks-retraining.html "algorithm generate output labels automatically from raw data... relies on pre-defined data augmentations, learning from general representation adapted to different transformations paying attention to context, representing abstract task/ environment... incorporates world models, invariant/ equivariant based on task at hand... transformer module encodes context, triplets representing previous experiences with transformations... natural language processing, computer vision, bioinformatics, speech recognition"

https://billiondollarclub.com/breakthrough-in-hydrogen-fuel-cell-technology-promises-to-change-green-energy/ "cheaper materials, powerful 1 kW, smaller than lunchbox... extending EV range, off-grid, laptops/ smartphones... future: significantly lowering costs even more" Related: Ricardo’s Hydrogen Fuel Cell Module Successfully Reaches 100% Power https://bunkermarket.com/ricardos-hydrogen-fuel-cell-module-successfully-reaches-100-power/ Honda halves fuel cell production costs while simultaneously increasing power density threefold https://energynews.biz/hondas-hydrogen-breakthrough/

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071503 "Intel’s Hala Point contains 1.15 billion neurons... wider array of user-friendly programming languages... optimizes sparsity, spatial efficiency while retaining information at high fidelity, also in energy-efficient/ compact human brains... artificial intelligence, health care, robotics" Related: Scaling up neuromorphic computing for more efficient and effective AI everywhere and anytime https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-scaling-neuromorphic-efficient-effective-ai.html#google_vignette A brain-inspired AI technology boosts efficiency and reduces energy consumption https://techxplore.com/news/2025-02-brain-ai-technology-boosts-efficiency.html#google_vignette

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071608 "fiducial markers  are locators... machine vision estimates objects' positions... marker detection, corner refinemen marker decoding, each based on different neural network... synthetic dataset reflects lighting circumstances that can be encountered in low light... both artificially generated/ real world unfavorable lighting situations data available on an open basis... robots"

https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2025/january/new-design-makes-aluminum-batteries-last-longer.html "1.72 volts...  no corrosion, high stability... added inert aluminum fluoride porous salt to Al-ion-containing electrolyte, turning it into solid-state electrolyte with increased conductivity... fluoroethylene carbonate interface additive to creating thin solid coating on electrodes preventing degrading aluminum crystal formation... withstand jabs. 392°F heat... 10K charge-discharge cycles losing <1% original capacity... simple wash recycling... future: improved energy density/ life cycle" Related: Improving the range of electric vehicles using aluminum https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-range-electric-vehicles-aluminum.html Advanced imagery and ultra-thin coatings could enhance performance of solid-state batteries https://techxplore.com/news/2025-02-advanced-imagery-ultra-thin-coatings.html#google_vignette

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071639 "infinite layer nickelate: neodymium nickelate with strontium titanate capping layer... significant potential as high-temperature superconductors...magnetic fluctuation spin excitations present whether or not capping applied, showing magnetism inherent... spin excitations stable in superconducting phase" Related: Two distinct superconducting states found in Bernal bilayer graphene challenge current models https://phys.org/news/2025-02-distinct-superconducting-states-bernal-bilayer.html Nickel superconductor works above -233°C threshold at normal pressure https://phys.org/news/2025-02-nickel-superconductor-233c-threshold-pressure.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-semimetallic-weyl-quantum-crystal.html "topological semiconductor bismuth telluride adjusted creating (Cr,Bi)2Te3... large anomalous Hall effect ... zero energy gap at threshold between insulator/ metal... application: THz generation/ detection devices, since unlike semiconductors, semimetals have vanishing energy gap so they can absorb low frequency THz.. high-performance sensors, low-power electronics, optoelectronics" Related: Tunable asymmetric hysteresis loop: Researchers develop method to control magnetic reversal in Weyl semimetal https://phys.org/news/2025-03-tunable-asymmetric-hysteresis-loop-method.html#google_vignette

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071668 "sharp intersections/ corners cause stress concentrations/ early local failure/ breakage... multi-objective Bayesian optimization machine learning algorithm... 2-photon polymerization 3D printer optimized carbon nanolattices >2X strength, withstanding 2.03 MPa stress/ cubic mete per kg of its density, 5X> titanium... needed only 400 (not > 20k) data points... fuel savings of 80 liters per year for every kilogram of material you replace... low density/ high strength, stiffness... automotive, aerospace"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071422 "high energy density/ cyclability, scalable... interconnected amide chain/ hydrophilic functional group polymer network... 43 mS·cm⁻¹ ionic conductivity, 2.5 V electrochemical stability window supporting high voltage/ enhanced energy density... > 6000 cycles, 0.0096% capacity decay/ cycle, 25 C current density... stability due to hydrogel electrolyte’s ability to suppress side reactions/ inhibit dendrite growth...  220 Wh·kg⁻¹ energy density, up to 5 C rate performance, also sodium-zinc and zinc-ion compatible" Related: Organic additives with high dipole moments transform aqueous zinc-ion battery interfaces https://techxplore.com/news/2025-02-additives-high-dipole-moments-aqueous.html

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071349 "programmable photonic latch... enables temporary data storage... more energy efficient/ throughput... optical set/ reset, complementary outputs, wavelength division multiplexing, long-haul data transmission/ data center connectivity, optical interconnects, computing... combined 2 optical universal logic gates using silicon photonic micro-ring modulators operating at specific wavelengths, enabling multi-bit data storage within single memory unit... future: higher on-chip photonic memory density"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-analog-platform-based-memristor-array.html "memristors simultaneously support storage/ processing... more compact/ energy-efficient, faster, for running AI models, distributed/ edge computing... analog computing based on selector-less memristor array... runs AI algorithms processing real-time videos... overcomes low yield, poor uniformity/ endurance... 1,024  (32 x 32 crossbar array) interfacial-type titanium oxide memristor... gradual oxygen distribution, high linearity, forming-free attribute, self-rectification, peripheral circuitry, digital controller"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-superalloys-resist-forge.html "spinel oxides self-lubricate under heat stress/ friction when paired with Inconel 718 nickel-chromium-based superalloys... maintains lubrication up to 700°C without corrosion...  aerospace, nuclear energy"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1071158 "measures light... high power demands, limited bandwidth. complex tuning, overcome combining microwave/ optical circuit designs on the newly developed lithium tantalate (17X lower intrinsic birefringence) platform... 450 nm spectral coverage with >2K comb lines... 20-fold reduced microwave power requirement... integrated triply resonance: 3 interacting fields, 2 optical/ 1 microwave... integrates monolithic microwave circuits with photonic components. embedding distributed coplanar waveguide"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-nanoislands-silicon-enable-switchable-topological.html "nanoscale ferroelectrics exhibit polar/ sometimes chiral electromagnetic topological textures... stable, controllable/ steerable by external electrical stimulus... BaTiO3 nanostructures form 30–60 nm (on top) trapezoidal islands on silicon substrate, with stable polarization domains... fine tuning 1st step of silicon wafer passivation induces nanoisland nucleation... domains can be electricly reversibly switched... centered, downward convergent polarization... swirling component around nanoisland axis causes chirality"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-plastic-supercapacitors-energy-storage-problems.html "100X higher electrical conductivity, 4X greater electrochemically active surface area, nearly 1 order magnitude higher charge storage capaciy... add drop of liquid containing graphene oxide nanoflakes/ ferric chloride on graphite sheet exposed sample to vapor of precursor molecules, which then eventually forms PEDOT polymer that grows into thick, fur-like vertical nanofibers that have a large surface area with large energy storage capacity"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-scientists-succeed-molecules-quantum.html "forms iSWAP gate quantum circuit creating entanglement... trapped stable/ ultra-cold polar sodium-cesium molecules with optical tweezers, as qubits... electric dipole-dipole interactions between molecules performed quantum operation... entangled 2 molecules creating 2-qubit Bell state with 94% accuracy... swapped states of 2 qubits, applied phase shift generating entanglement... unpredictable movements interfering with coherence overcome in ultra-cold/ precisely focused laser control"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-bilayer-thermal-stability-perovskite-solar.html#google_vignette "overcomes hole-selective self-assembled monolayers not adhering well to cells' surface causing thermal instability... self-assembled bilayer film adheres better... resists thermal degradation up to 100 °C for 200 h, 1.7X improvement in adhesion energy, >26% power conversion efficiencies for inverted PSCs, <4 and 3% efficiency loss after 2,000 h damp heat exposure (85 °C/ 85% relative humidity) and >1,200 thermal cycles between −40  and 85 °C, respectively, meeting IEC temperature stability standards" Related: New bifacial linker enhances adhesion in flexible solar cells https://techxplore.com/news/2025-02-bifacial-linker-adhesion-flexible-solar.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-generation-wiring-material-chip-technology.html "topological thin films niobium phosphide exhibits much higher conductivity than copper below thickness of 5 nm... high surface conductivity regardless of changes to shape/ size... balances cost and complexity against energy efficiency... unique quantum property: despite being disordered, excellent conductor for an ultrathin film, greatly simplifying manufacturing... more powerful, energy-efficient (less heat dissipation) computer chips"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-gen-ai-device-ion-magnetic.html "iono-magnonic reservoir controls spin waves, ion dynamics, their interactions... energy-efficient, high-performance, yttrium iron garnet magnet integrated antennas... interference patterns fine-tuned applying voltage to magnets/ adjusting number of ions introduced into them... leverages interference patterns through iono-magnonic reservoir... time-series prediction error rates < tenth those of conventional... usable in both magnetic thin films/ single crystals... integration with various sensors enables high-precision AI devices" Related: Flipping the script: Inverse-design as game-changer in physics https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1072524

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-traffic-reveals-ants-secrets-smooth.html "bidirectional traffic flows in orderly manner without stop-and-go, even in great numbers... trajectories of ants reconstructed by deep learning algorithms, tracking individual ants' movements, mapping speeds, flows densities... ants follow pheromone trails marked by leader, move in platoons with small gaps and no overtaking... smart roads using advanced communication technologies to communicate with each other and road infrastructure management... enables high speeds with close spacing across parallel lanes"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-eco-friendly-chlorine-method-drug.html "no harsh chemicals, high temperatures, or purification challenges... room temperature, efficient, precise targeting of chlorine placement on molecules creating highly pure products by selectively attaching chlorine atoms to less-reactive parts of starting molecules... can additionally use heavy water to incorporate deuterium to make certain drugs potentially more effective, and last longer in the body by increasing stability... medications, plastics, pesticides and other essential products"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-scientists-ultrafast-surface-graphene.html#google_vignette "sets electrons in tip in motion, exerting force on graphene's electrons, generating circular electron density wave reflecting off edges travelling back to tip... enables electron wave propagation direct observation in both space/ time with nm resolution... notes its speed, damping, frequency, without complex computational transformations... distinction between wave's center of mass, and individual wave peaks/ troughs propagation, each measurable... higher quality graphene for clock speeds >1,000X faster electronics"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-semiconductor-material-room-temperature.html "efficient optoelectronics by controlling crystal structure and reducing nanoscale defects... metal halide perovskites with highly ordered grains... pulsed laser layer by layer build up... perfectly ordered structure enables efficient/ reliable devices... stable >300 days... great potential for applications like solar panels, LEDs, advanced electronics... helps us in creating greener, more cost-effective technologies"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-programmable-metasurface-antenna-remarkable-wireless.html?utm_source=nwletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=daily-nwletter "manipulates electromagnetic waves... no digital-to-analog conversion... overcomes low data transmission rates/ poor information mapping efficiencies, using 1-bit encoding sequences with length on odd prime, producing constellation diagram at direction of 1st harmonic, exhibiting distinctiveness/ symmetry achieving highest information mapping efficiency... printed circuit board of 3 metallic/ 2 substrate layers... phase shifter module controls each column's phase state... modulation is achieved directly without additional modules"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-doped-transparent-conductor-polymer-electrochromic.html "more sustainable, efficient, bistability (up to 24 hours without power), low power consumption (0.7 μW/cm2 for static content), full-color capabilities, less eye strain... natural light transmission/ reflection rather than light emission... both conductor/ ion-storage, enabling flexible, all-polymer electrochromic fabrication with 1 layer transparency, conductivity, ion-storage... better withstands humidity/ temperature/ long-term electrochemical cycling... solution processing... scalable photolithography"

https://news.flinders.edu.au/blog/2025/01/09/new-twist-for-future-electronics/ "in-memory storing/ processing information like human brain, particularly image/ voice recognition... controllably injected/ engineered mimicing memristors... changes wall’s electronics, unlocking storing/ process data at different levels... walls straddling 2 terminal devices function as memristors, similar to synapses...  twists create spectrum of electronic states, enabling multi-level data storage, eliminating need for repetitive wall injection/ erasure... AI, data processing, smartphones, computers, tiny wearables"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070865 "overcomes complex/ bulky optical setups hindering use in constraints space, using new metasurface... different response to left/ right light circular polarization... chirality/ rotational symmetry within nonlinear metasurface... selects/ amplifies specific circular polarization converting it into circularly polarized light at different frequency... 1 µm thick layer... incorporate twist between periodically arranged elements within metasurface layers... miniaturization of optical devices, chiral sensing, circular dichroism spectroscopy"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070877 "overcomes electrode/ electrolyte interface side reactions causing short cycle life, by using glutamate additives building EEI layers... cathode undergoes radical-initiated electro-polymerization resulting in EEI layer dominated by electropolymerized polyglutamic acid... anode polymerizes via polycondensation reaction, forming robust EEI layer dominated by polycondensation-induced PGA... suppress active material loss, by-product accumulation, Zn dendrite growth... facilitates ionic diffusion/ desolvation" Related: Zincophilic and hydrophobic bifunctional PFA-COOH-CNT artificial SEI film for highly stable Zn anode https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1075638

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-future-bendable-concrete-3d.html#google_vignette "no heavy machinery placing steel/ wood beam frame... longer-lasting less maintenance... resist tension/ compression... precisely mixed, measured/ printed... polyvinyl alcohol, fly ash, silica fume  ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers... 4 different mixes with up to 11.9% higher strain capacity... large quantities short polymeric fibers... technology could help astronauts explore planets... greater resilience to natural disasters"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-temperature-copper-bonding-advances-gen.html "valuable for industrial mass production... overcomes many grain boundaries where impurities tend to concentrate, with gentle heating grains grow on the top surface but not bottom... strategic dual-layer design where coarse-grain layer impurity sink, preventing void formation near copper seed layer.... Nanocrystalline copper over coarse-grain layer... integrate different types of chips—especially those sensitive to heat—into compact, high-density 3D structures... AI, 5G networks, AR, VR"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-tuning-magnetism-voltage-path-spintronic.html "lanthanum strontium manganite magnetic/ metallic at low temperatures but non-magnetic/ insulating when relatively warm... properties due to quantum mechanics... splits into regions with distinct magnetic properties.... energy-efficient... another approach tunes resistance to switch from low to high/ vice versa... small applied voltage change induced large oscillation frequency change... artificial intelligence, smarter, faster, and more energy-efficient information processing technologies" Related:  Anomalous Hall spin-torque: Brand new physics for next-generation spintronics https://phys.org/news/2025-01-anomalous-hall-torque-brand-physics.html#google_vignette

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-science-tiny-timescales-solar-cell.html "attosecond, intense laser pulses cause target to emit very fast-moving electron particles along with UV and X-ray allowing real-time electron motion observation... can then measure/ predict how these electrons move... 43 attosecond world record for the shortest light pulse... free-electron laser reaches electrons deep inside cores... enables probing fundamentals of quantum physics under a wider range of conditions"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070626 "manipulate magneto-optical cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnet optical properties within the material... 100X faster switching speeds, consume about one-tenth the power, reprogrammable >2.3 billion times for different tasks... matrix-vector multiplication, which lies at the core of any neural network”

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070603 "scalable, enhances liquid transport properties... cost-effective vinyl masking (produces surfaces with high-resolution wettability contrast, improved phase-change heat transfer) lacquer resin, physical/ chemical surface treatments create patterned aluminum surfaces... improved droplet shedding during condensation... wettability behaviors from superhydrophobic to hydrophilic... fine-tunes condensation heat transfer... intricate patterns on larger surfaces... industrial applications, data servers,condensers, heat exchangers"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-fabric-woven-metal-fibers-cold.html "avoids heaters, which often lead to reduced driving range... applies plane heating element generating heat by supplying power to interior parts of vehicle, reducing energy consumption required to reach optimal temperature while maintaining longer heat retention, overcoming reduced driving winter range... weaves warp/ weft threads, metal fiber (50 μm diameter) fabric applied to vehicle seats... generating heat over large area for 10–30% higher heating performance... even if a break, performance is maintained"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-fast-methods-enable-fidelity-superconducting.html "enables sustained computation through quantum error correction... fast gates reduce impact of decoherence, but can introduce counter-rotating dynamics error because of way qubits are controlled using electromagnetic waves... overcome with low-frequency qubits such as fluxonium, by controlling the relative phase of charge and flux drives of the superconducting qubit... circularly polarized drives immune to counter-rotating errors" Related:  Electric control pulse changes qubit state from ground level to second using virtual process involving first level https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1073973

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-oled-stacks-enable-exceptionally-bright.html "highly efficient, monochrome OLED microdisplay with >70K Nits brightness... individual OLED units series connected increasing brightness with each additional unit without raising current density in component... either achieves extremely high brightness or, at a given brightness, significantly reduces current density that determines lifetime... 5% brightness drop improves lifetime from 900 to 1300 hours... pectral emission can be specifically adjusted, enabling use in  waveguides or holographic elements" Related: Revolutionizing dynamic facial projection mapping: A leap forward in augmented reality https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1074379

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070348 "bridges macroscopic/ microscopic, high performance nonlinear/ quantum optics... scalable, highly efficient on-chip integrable devices such as tunable 3.4 µm thick entangled-photon-pair generator on silicon chip... 6 layers thin crystal van der Waals semiconducting transition metal molybdenum disulfide, with each piece rotated 180° relative to layers above/ below (periodic poling)... quasi-phase-matching manipulates properties introduced light, creating paired photons... satellite-based distribution, smartphone quantum communication"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-molecular-velcro-covalent-bonds-2d.html "better than van der Waals: stronger bonding,wider broadband optical detection especially from UV to near IR, enhanced optoelectronic intensity... overcomes MoS2 poor IR absorbance... 3 key features: (1) MoS2 large lateral size in µm range combined with ultrathin thickness <5 nm, (2) palladium nanosheets 2D morphology enables strong IR absorbance, (3) chemical connection between the 2 facilitated via bifunctional molecule... robust against solvents/ heat... medical monitoring, video imaging, optical communications"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070233 "supercontinuum generation using octave-spanning coherent light at deep-subwavelength scale (<100 nm), employing phase-matching-free 2nd-order nonlinear optical frequency down-conversion in ultrathin gallium selenide/ niobium oxide crystals... difference-frequency generated coherent light with -40 dB spectral width from 565 to 1906 nm, 5 orders magnitude thinner, 2 to 3 orders magnitude less excitation power needed, ringe visibility >0.9 demonstrating superior coherence... metrology, spectroscopy, telecommunications"

  https://phys.org/news/2025-01-covalent-frameworks-considerable-potential-efficient.html#google_vignette "high diffusion coefficients/ several hundred ns diffusion length diffusions adapted through targeted selection of their components to efficiently transport energy... both coherent/ incoherent transport, even across structural defects (grain boundaries)... coherence occurs in orderly motion waves, undisturbed over long distances, allowing fast low-loss energy transfer... incoherent are disordered, random motion requiring thermal activation, often less efficient... photocatalysis, optoelectronic: PV and OLED"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069796 "compact, high performing/ efficient deep learning... unlike traditional large models that rely on billions of parameters... based on delay embedding theorem, small model framework with spatiotemporal information transformation and multiple delayed feedback. This approach ensures precise forecasting while requiring, on average, only 0.035% of the parameters used in large models. Applications range from time-series prediction to image classification tasks"

https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202501/12/WS6783a061a310f1265a1da4ee.html "enhanced performance/ safety... monoclinic m-Li2ZrF6 nanoparticle additives successfully construct a solid electrolyte interphase with excellent electrochemical properties on the surface of lithium metal anodes. This enables lithium metal batteries maintain 80 percent of their capacity after 3,000 cycles at a 2C charging rate, achieving the highest level in the same category. The synthesis process of m-Li2ZrF6 nanoparticles is simple and scalable, providing a solution for the widespread application of lithium metal batteries"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070119 "conductive/ magnetic molecular crystals having low impurity concentrations link charge ordering to superconductivity... molecules at triangular lattice vertices, a valence electron assigned to each vertex... charge fluctuations drive superconductivity... relates to quantum spin liquids where electron spins remain disordered even at extremely low temperatures... as temperature decreased, number of pairs increased, remaining electrons an antiferromagnetic arrangement... superconductivity, magnetic resistance, spintronics"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-smart-glasses-era-sleeker-prices.html "$300 Meta's camera Ray-Ban $50 > standard Ray-Bans... $200 Vue with voice assistant/ music capabilities... XReal focuses on augmented reality projecting smartphone, computer, gaming console displays, moving move away from bulk headset, even if with cable connection... Halliday's $489 model, launching in March, displays text in upper corner, using AI suggesting responses during conversations, real-time translation, discrete teleprompter... Realities no speaker or camera, focuses on valued-added screen" Related: Lightening the load of augmented reality glasses https://techxplore.com/news/2025-03-augmented-reality-glasses.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-quantum-breakthrough-sustainable-chiral-spintronics.html "hydrogen cations manipulating relativistic electronic bandstructures in magnetic Weyl semimetal MnSb₂Te₄ unveils ability to tune/ enhance electronic transport chirality... enables new quantum platforms harnessing emergent topological states for chiral nano-spintronics/ fault-tolerant quantum computing... heals system's Mn-Te bond disorder/ lowers internode scattering. enabling electrical charges to move differently when in-plane magnetic field rotated, generating desirable low-dissipation currents... topological magnets"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069799 "light interacts with single-atom layer of metal alloys, enabling more environmentally friendly data storage, ultra-fine 2D spintronics,... spin-polarized current direction restricted to 1 direction in thallium-lead alloy single-atom layer irradiated at room temperature... circular photogalvanic effect:: light conversion to spin-polarized current, where electron spins align in 1 direction depending on light polarization... ultra-high vacuum avoids adsorption/ oxidation revealing its true colors”

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-neuromorphic-chip-benefit-industry.html#google_vignette "energy efficient, increased computational power, fast, decentralized data analysis... memristors process not just 0 and 1,' but values in between, enabling algorithms simulating neural networks...artificial synapses of bismuth/ iron oxide handle complex computations such as matrix multiplication... current prototype has 32 memristors, next phase more than 200 to model complex neural networks... autonomous vehicles. predictive machine maintenance, industrial sensor systems, edge computing" Related: Ultra-small neuromorphic chip learns and corrects errors autonomously https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-ultra-small-neuromorphic-chip-errors.html

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-hidden-pathways-graphene-paving-generation.html "nonlocal transport/ edge states exploit externally applied electric fields modulating electronic band gap, essential for electron transport... valleytronics enables faster, more efficient data handling than conventional electronics or spintronics... nonlocal resistance in regions lacking direct current flow... dual-gate graphene device, enabling precise band gap control... etching-processed edges exhibited nonlocal resistance exceeding natural edges by 2 orders magnitude... valleytronics Hall effect device design and development"

https://www.surrey.ac.uk/news/breakthrough-2d-material-growth-opens-doors-cleaner-energy-and-next-generation-technology "hBN blocks electrical currents, withstands extreme temperatures/ resists chemical damage, protects delicate microchips, nanoporous (structured voids: selective absorption, advanced catalysis),... combines density functional theory/ microkinetic modelling hBN growth process from borazine precursors... examines diffusion, decomposition, adsorption, desorption, polymerisation, dehydrogenation... filtering pollutants, sensing, advanced energy systems, (hydrogen storage, electrochemical catalysts for fuel cells"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070030 "reactive site structure affects single atom catalyst’s ability to speed reaction rate, much faster than with current methods... single platinum atom catalysts stabilized on magnesium oxide support, using extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy revealing active site number/ distance of neighboring atoms... automated analysis by combining data with theoretical calculations (density functional theory)...  overnight on local computer instead of few days to months "

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069649 ">18% efficient in structure-inverted solar cells with 1cm2 area... 24,700 hour (predicting 16 year) lifespan... structure-inverted, or n-i-p solar cells, are more stable... zinc oxide bottom contact creates narrow recombination area leading to photocurrent loss... overcome applying thin, solvent-processed silicon oxide nitrate passivation layer on bottom contact, eliminating recombination area, improving efficiency... potential for using the method in the large-scale production of efficient and stable organic solar cells"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-graphene-technique-ultrathin-flexible-electronics.html "no deformation, wrinkling, leftover residues even when film thickness below 5 μm, ultrathin displays separated smoothly without carbon residue... integrates chemical vapor layer deposition-grown graphene between 2.9 μm thick ultrathin PI substrate/ its glass carrier... graphene absorbs UV distributing heat laterally enables clean lift off... consistent current density-voltage-luminance before/ after lift-off... improved efficiency, reduced costs... rollable displays, OLEDs, wearable/ stretchable sensors, implantable photonics"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069750 "low-cost, efficient real-time monitoring, like tracking manufacturing robots' condition/ detecting refineries' gas leaks... backscattering central reader sends signal to sensor tag gathering information, tag reflects back to reader... sub-THz high frequency enables less signal confusion when more signals introduced... high-speed, broad bandwidths... antennas allow automatic signal direction change responding to frequency change... smart cities (monitor air quality, traffic flow/ sign placement), agriculture (soil sensors)"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069612 "large electric current switching magnetization vectors during writing, resulting in Joule heating/ energy consumption, overcome by multiferroic heterostructure with magnetization vectors switched by electric field... heterostructure responds with large amount of converse magnetoelectric coupling coefficient; causing strong magnetization... ultra-thin vanadium layer between ferromagnetic/ piezoelectric layers enabling magnetic anisotropy Co2FeSi layer. control... non-volatile binary state achieved at zero electric field"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069624 "overcomes tradeoff where larger switches handle higher speeds/ more data but use more energy/ large/ costly... 85 X 85 µm, fast 100 ps... tunes material's gain/ loss guiding optical signal towards right information highway exit... tame light flow on chip, enabling precise control over any light-based network’s connectivity... redirects in trillionths of second with minimal power consumption... silicon substrate, Indium Gallium Arsenide Phosphide semiconductor to manipulate IR... speeds up streaming movies, training AI"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-door-derived-redox-batteries.html "1-pot reaction of waste into energy-storing molecule... electrons pack tightly together without losing losing negligible capacity after >350 cycles... first instance of utilizing phosphine oxides as the redox-active component in battery research... raditionally, reduced phosphine oxides are highly unstable, now overcome with molecular engineering, paving the way for their application in energy storage"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069531 "can improve energy conversion processes in semiconductor devices. The team aims to develop more efficient materials for solar cells and other optoelectronic applications by understanding the thermoelastic response to different light wavelengths and studying the stability of all physical variations for more effective solar cells. This research has the potential to advance sustainable energy technologies and reduce the environmental impact of electronic devices... renewable energy, optoelectronic devices"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069528    "doping process/ location differ depending on dopant type... outstanding optical/ electrical properties... high doping efficiency... overcomes dopant absorption onto semiconductor surface during its growth, not penetrating interior effectively... stable/ precise doping in ZnSe semiconductor nanocrystals... avoids toxic/ unstable CdSe... optoelectronic devices: displays, transistors"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069491 "micron to millimeter scale high-density large-mode-area integrated waveguide amplifier on silicon photonics... high optical energy storage capacity... reduces system size, weight and cost by several orders of magnitude compared to the conventional fiber or solid state-based systems ... high-speed data centers,  small-scale space satellites allowing multiple cost-effective space missions with highly enhanced capabilities not possible before" Related: Researchers develop first room temperature holmium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride thin disk laser https://phys.org/news/2025-02-room-temperature-holmium-doped-yttrium.html

https://scitechdaily.com/revolutionizing-quantum-tech-scientists-achieve-collective-motion-in-macroscopic-oscillators/ "macroscopic oscillators enable ultra-sensitive sensors/ advanced quantum computing components, large-scale quantum systems... as low as 0.1% disorder among mechanical frequencies in superconducting platform... asymmetric cooling enables observation of quantum effects... increasing coupling between microwave cavity and oscillators transitions from individual to collective dynamics... dark mechanical modes not interacting with system’s cavity/ retaining higher energy... multi-partite entanglement"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069417 "overcomes transmission photon loss, enabling construction of large-scale quantum networks... rare-earth ion doped crystals... spin-wave storage stores photons into spin-wave excitation in ground states, enabling on-demand retrieval with storage time extended to spin coherence lifetime... separates single-photon-level signal from noise induced by strong control pulses using direct femtosecond-laser writing fabricating circularly-symmetric waveguide in Eu:YSO crystal, enabling polarization-based noise filtering"

https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/01/04/sudden-transition-in-superconductors-could-shift-quantum-technology-into-high-gear/ "superconductors with increasing disorder undergo abrupt first-order quantum phase transitions to insulating, sharp drop in superfluid stiffness (not electron pairing strength, consistent with pseudogap regime of preformed) at critical disorder (temperature)... improve stability/ performance of superconducting circuits/ superinductors... future: better understanding of role of repulsive interactions between Cooper pairs and emergence of localized Cooper-pair glass—a state where electron pairs are immobilized"

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-discovery-bistable-nanocrystals-faster-energy.html "can be quickly toggled from light to dark and back, using low power to rapidly process/ store information using light particles... avalanching nanoparticles feature extreme non-linearity, emitting light whose intensity can increase massively with small increase in laser intensity... nanocrystals composed of neodymium doped: potassium, chlorine, lead... intrinsic optical bistability: can be either bright or dark under exactly same laser excitation wavelength/ power...  once emitting light, can cut back on power but retain same intensity"

https://www.republicworld.com/tech/are-single-crystal-electrodes-the-future-of-lithium-ion-batteries-in-evs "lithium-ion battery with this new type of electrode charging/ discharging repeatedly 20K times (6 years) retains 80% original capacity... can be cycled 8X longer than regular lithium-ion battery, equivalent to EV driving 5 million miles... placed long-lasting single-crystal electrode with a more commonly utilized polycrystalline electrode... after 2.5 years constant cycling, polycrystalline electrode full of tiny cracks limiting storage"

https://interestingengineering.com/science/breakthrough-quantum-circuit-cuts-power-waste "every bit of information lost during computation must be converted into a minimum amount of heat... 6 new parity-preserving reversible blocks maintain information integrity throughout calculations, ensuring input/ output mathematical properties remain consistent... optimizes multiplication operations, improved efficiency... 25% less quantum cost, 21% less wasted outputs, 51% fewer gates for specific operations...  medicine, materials science, AI... future: integrate into quantum computing systems"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-plastic-crystals-greenhouse-gases-refrigerators.html "R-134a hydrofluorocarbon largely replacse freon, while not breaking down Earth's ozone layer, is greenhouse gas... replacement with plastic organic ionic crystals, whose moleculest when pressurized move from disorganized to neat grid, absorbing heat/ chilling surrounding air... when pressure released returns to disorganized... pulls heat from air ranging from -37 to 10°C... compression chamber repeatedly squeezes/ un-squeezes crystals, added fan blows chilled air into area around device... future: less pressure/ cost"

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3293038/china-beats-starlink-hi-res-space-ground-laser-transmission-6g-standard "accomplished between truck-mounted ground station and 1 of 117 satellites of Jilin-1, world’s largest sub-metre commercial remote sensing satellite constellation, owned by Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co... plan to deploy these laser communication units across all satellites in the Jilin-1 constellation to improve their efficiency, with a goal of networking 300 satellites by 2027... satellite positioning, ultra-high resolution remote sensing"

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069428 "coprecipitation method encapsulates molybdate ions into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, followed by electrospinning/ calcination creating free-standing porous carbon fibers with zinc single atom sites/ molybdenum carbide clusters...  230.6 mAh g−1 specific capacity at 0.5 C (1 C= 0.211 mA cm−2) current density, 90% capacity retention after 20K cycles... demonstrates manipulation of electrocatalytic activity of MoC clusters via Zn-N4 site incorporation for iodine redox reaction"

https://investors.ionq.com/news/news-details/2024/IonQ-and-Oak-Ridge-National-Laboratory-Unveil-Novel-Approach-to-Scalable-Quantum-Computing/default.aspx "collaboration between IonQ (high-performing, enterprise-grade trapped-ion technology) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (world-class quantum technologies expertise)... scalable quantum computing/ hybrid quantum algorithm based on Quantum Imaginary Time Evolution principle... optimization problems... outperforms in time-to-solution/ circuit depth... energy grid optimization, unit commitment, contingency planning, financial risk management, fraud detection, logistics/ supply chain, drug discovery"

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-microshells-melody-tuning-vibrations-tiny.html "functionally graded: enhanced resistance to thermal and mechanical stresses... porosity (microscale voids) alter structural integrity/ vibrational dynamics... vibrational behavior of functionally graded microshells affected by composition, imperfections, small-length scale coefficients... 5-parameter shear deformable model analyzing free vibrations of doubly curved imperfect functionally graded microshells, blueprint for optimizing micro-electromechanical systems/ biomedical applications... automotive, medicine"

https://www.global.hokudai.ac.jp/blog/revolutionizing-heat-management-with-high-performance-cerium-oxide-thermal-switches/ "5.8 on/off thermal conductivity ratio, 10.3 W/m·K thermal conductivity (κ)-switching width... 2.2 W/m·K minimal (off-state) thermal conductivity, but rises to 12.5 W/m·K in oxidized (on-state)... consistent after 100 reduction/ oxidation cycles... cerium oxide abundant/ ecologically sustainable... scalable... regulate IR heat transfer, contribute to energy-efficient systems... electronic cooling, renewable energy systems, waste heat recovery, advanced displays" Related: Nanofluids, Turbulators May Boost Renewables, Cut Fossil Use https://www.miragenews.com/nanofluids-turbulators-may-boost-renewables-cut-1386921/

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069246 "predicting properties such as electronic band gaps, formation energies, mechanical properties, needs training data which is limited because testing expensive time consuming... transfer learning predicts values: large model pre-trained on large dataset, then fine-tuned adapting to smaller target dataset, first learning simple task... performs much better than models trained from scratch... Multi-property Pre-Training on 7 different bulk 3D material properties... predict: band gap values, semiconductors forming point defects" Related: Machine learning algorithm enables faster, more accurate predictions on small tabular data sets https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-machine-algorithm-enables-faster-accurate.html Tech companies are turning to 'synthetic data' to train AI models—but there's a hidden cost https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-tech-companies-synthetic-ai-hidden.html

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069189 "high sensitivity/ spatial resolution, remotely from subsurface/ interfacial sites, large dynamic range... luminescent nanocrystals change intensity/ color when pushed/ pulled... no wires/ connections... 100X better force sensitivity, no rare-earth ions, range of force spans >4 orders magnitude, 10-100X larger... from subcellular to whole-system level... biocompatible, deeply penetrating IR... nanosensors built exploiting photon-avalanching effect within nanocrystals... robotics, cellular biophysics/ medicine, space travel" Related: New photon-avalanching nanoparticles could enable next-generation optical computers https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1074780

https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1145303_gm-working-on-mixed-chemistry-ev-battery-packs "following handful of other automakers/ battery firms... patent filed... combines nickel manganese cobalt (higher power/ energy density) with lithium iron phosphate (cheaper) or other similar chemistries (faster charging), split into discreet modules, with different usable capacities... controller monitors temperature/ state of charge, potentially bypassing a chemistry, balancing performance/ cost... other companiesw: CATL faster charging plug-in hybrids, Our Next Energy 600 mile range in BMW iX... also: Mercedes-Benz"