Inexpensive PINMAP LiDAR detects glass walls as well as traditional LiDAR does, while lowering autonomous driving cost by 90%

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1085772

"LiDAR in service robots determines distance/ structure by projecting light/ measuring reflection time, but is expensive/ complex, overcome using inexpensive Probabilistic Incremental Navigation-based mapping LiDAR accumulating rare points to probabilistically calculate likelihood of glass wall presence over time, based on map charting/ navigation software, not hardware, to improve detection performance of inexpensive LiDAR sensors... 96.77% accuracy... glass/ acrylic inside hospitals, airports, shopping malls, warehouses"

Related: Team achieves 3D recognition of transparent objects in less than two seconds
https://techxplore.com/news/2025-06-team-3d-recognition-transparent-seconds.html