Anode combines hard carbon with tin for high power, stability, energy density, fast charging, longer lifespan lithium- and sodium- ion batteries

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1080996

"due to low melting point, difficult to make tin particles small enough to overcome problematic volume expansion during cycling, reducing stability, overcome using sol–gel process followed by thermal reduction, embedding uniformly distributed sub-10 nm tin nanoparticles within hard carbon matrix... tin nanoparticles active materials, but also catalyst promoting hard carbon crystallization... stable over 1,500 cycles under 20-minute fast-charging, 1.5X higher volumetric energy density, versatile across multiple battery platforms"

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