Carbon fiber, with tensile strength comparable to steel but corrosion resistant and requiring less maintenance, to reinforce bridge component; may last 100 years
https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/MIDOT/bulletins/303f669
"steel cables are installed inside forms before concrete is poured. The strands are then tensioned with a significant force, causing them to elongate. Once the concrete has gained strength but before it carries loads, the strands are released, compressing the concrete. Any subsequent loads on the beam would then have to overcome this built-in compression to actually stress the beam. Prestressing also reduces or eliminates cracking from concrete shrinkage; it allows thinner and longer spans"
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