Additively manufactured heat exchanger is smaller and lighter, with dramatically superior functionality,

https://techxplore.com/news/2025-04-additively-exchanger-traditional.html

"precise 3D shapes overcome manufacturing limitations, optimizing: heat transfer rate, work needed to achieve transfer, heat exchanger size... links large and small passages promoting high heat transfer/ easy fluid motion, allows unconventional fluid mixing/ routing... 2-phase heat exchanger, refrigerant comes in as vapor, cools, leaves as liquid, transferring its heat to cooling water also flowing through heat exchanger... 30% to 50% better for same power... increased volumetric/ gravimetric power density... mobile: cars, ships, aircraft"

Related: Optimized 3D printed heat exchanger more effective and achieved a 27% higher power density
https://engineering.wisc.edu/news/tapping-a-new-toolbox-engineers-buck-tradition-in-new-high-performing-heat-exchanger/