LTA-CAES – A low-temperature approach to adiabatic compressed air energy storage

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261716759_LTA-CAES_-_A_low-temperature_approach_to_Adiabatic_Compressed_Air_Energy_Storage

"most thermal energy storage requires high temperatures/ high pressures... multistage radial compressors and expanders with single stages rotating with different speeds allowing for intermediate air flowcooling and reheating... roundtrip efficiencies 52–60%, slightly lower compared to those envisioned for high temperature A-CAES. However, it can be shown in an economic analysis that its fast start-up characteristics and wide-ranging part load ability overcompensates the lower cycle efficiencies with regard to plant profitability"