Hydrogen ion proton barrier films using graphene oxide that lacks internal pores

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-proton-barrier-pore-free-graphene.html

"graphene oxide known for high ionic conductivity making it challenging as ion barrier, but eliminating internal pores improved hydrogen ion barrier properties... up to 100,000X better barrier performance... protected lithium foil from water droplets, preventing any reaction between them... protective coatings, rust prevention, hydrogen infrastructure"