Ammonia-free gallium nitride semiconductor production improves crystal quality wih lower cost, temperature, toxicity

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-ammonia-free-gallium-nitride-semiconductor.html

"common semiconductor with ability to handle high voltage and current... large amount of ammonia wasted in nitrogen extraction, expensive to safely dispose of... now produce activated nitrogen applying 100 MHz to one of electrodes... lower temperatures (800 vs. >1,150°C), lowering cost using nitrogen and hydrogen instead of ammonia, faster (no extraction step), fewer impurities... can also be used for growing aluminum nitride, indium nitride, and aluminum indium nitride layers... more efficient power devices"