Ultrafast lasers map electrons 'going ballistic' in graphene with implications for next-gen electronic devices

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-ultrafast-lasers-electrons-ballistic-graphene.html

"guide electrons to 1 graphene layer while still occupying hole in other graphene layer, forcing electrons to stay mobile longer... guided using tightly focused laser spot to free some electrons to move, using sample's reflectance (% of light they reflect). to measure time period (improved from 1- to 50-trillionths of second, about 20 of those ballistic).and speed of ballistic transport of electrons in graphene 22 km/s before running into something... result is faster, more powerful, and more energy efficient electronic devices"