Researchers create stable hybrid fiber-crystal laser by 3D printing micro-optics onto fibers

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-stable-hybrid-laser-3d-micro-optics.html

"withstands heat and power inherent inside laser... significantly reduced laser size (5 X 5 cm2) using 3D printing micro-optics directly on glass fibers inside laser... output >20 mW at 1063.4 nm... robustness, and low cost of fiber-based lasers, but with advantages of crystal-based solid-state lasers such as different powers and colors... optics designed using software... lenses printed at end of fibers focus and collect  light into and out of laser crystal... lidar, cancer treatment, lithography and laser marking"