Two-photon lithography for photonic packaging: A promising solution

https://phys.org/news/2023-11-two-photon-lithography-photonic-packaging-solution.html

"laser-based 2-photon lithography (TPL) assembles and connects photonic components into high resolution 3D structure... beam shapers and mode transformers... high-channel-density, low-loss 2.5-D or 3D links to accommodating height differences between optical ports, and guide precise component placement... broadband resins low in optical attenuation, suitable for building low-loss optical links between dissimilar material platforms... addresses tight alignment tolerance and need for heterogeneous or hybrid integration"