Lanthanide-doped KMgF₃ upconversion nanoparticles for photon avalanche luminescence

https://phys.org/news/2023-10-lanthanide-doped-kmgf-upconversion-nanoparticles-photon.html

"room temperature pyrolysis of KHF2 for controlled synthesis of Ln3+-doped KMgF3 UCNPs, which can effectively protect Ln3+ from luminescence quenching by surface and internal OH– defects, and thereby boost upconversion luminescence... giant nonlinearity of ～27.0, a photon avalanche rise time of 281 ms, and a threshold of 16.6 kW cm-2... improved crystallinity, a reduced number of surface and lattice defects... super-resolution bioimaging, miniaturized lasers, single-molecule tracking and quantum optics"

Related: Excited-multimer mediated supramolecular upconversion on multicomponent lanthanide-organic assemblies

https://phys.org/news/2023-11-excited-multimer-supramolecular-upconversion-multicomponent-lanthanide-organic.html