Creating a broadband diffractive graphene orbital angular momentum metalens by ultrafast laser nanoprinting

https://phys.org/news/2023-10-broadband-diffractive-graphene-orbital-angular.html

"200nm... high-resolution focusing... periodically arranged 2D metasurfaces for high-quality OAM beams.... 1-step laser nanoprinting... graphene manipulates light beam's amplitude and phase  for highly flexible and accurate lens... detour phase technique and unique graphene properties independently control focusing and topological charge at same time... simple and cost-effective... optical data storage, quantum information processing, super-resolution imaging, and optical trapping and manipulation, photonic communications"